1. Pharmaceutical guidelines of patients with pathology of digestive organs. Symptomatic treatment of gaseous bowel and dysbacteriosis

2. Dysbiosis (dysbacteriosis) Intestinal dysbiosis (also referred to as dysbacteriosis) is a condition of imbalance in the intestines (an imbalance of the natural beneficial organisms that inhabit the human intestinal tract). A healthy digestive tract has over 1200 different species of organisms contained within it. Most of these organisms are harmless, and some are essential for optimum health.

3. The Healthy Bacteria Soon after we are born, intestines are colonized by many different species of bacteria. We’ve always known that most of this bacteria is harmless. But now science has proven that much of it is extremely beneficial. And the list of probiotics benefits continue to grow. probiotics benefits This beneficial bacteria helps up to absorb vitamins and minerals. It helps to regulate our immune systems. But most important of all, it physically takes up space so that dangerous organisms can’t thrive. The most well known of these healthy bugs is lactobacillus acidophilus. A common ingredient in yogurt.

4. But through certain causes (antibiotic use and diet), this delicate balance can be disturbed, and a state of intestinal dysbiosis can be induced. result the diseases of a stomach proceeding with an achlorhydria (a chronic gastritis), an intestine (a chronic enteritis), a pancreas, a liver, kidneys, malignant neoplasms, a resection of a stomach and a duodenum, disturbance of a peristalsis ( chronic colitis, ulcer disease, pancreatitis, hepatocholecystitis and other). application of glucocorticoids Thus, a dysbacteriosis - display or one of complications of a basic disease, but not the independent nosological form.

5. Bacteriological studies at intestinal dysbacteriosis show pathogenic flora of intestinal family, hemolyzed E.coli, quasi- pathogenic bacteria, enterococcus, staphylococcus, Proteus microbes, Candida fungi.

6. At a dysbacteriosis opposing activity of a microflora of an intestine concerning pathogenic and putrefactive microorganisms is broken. Products of abnormal splitting of alimentary substances unusual to an intestine a microflora (organic acids, aldehydes, a skatole, a hydrogen sulfide, etc.), formed in lots, irritate a wall of an intestine. Influence of microbial toxins on structure and activity of membranous enzymes causes disturbance of membranous digestion in a small bowel, stimulation of secretion of water by them and electrolytes enterocytes - to a secretory diarrhea, premature deconjugation of cholic acids in an intestine - to disturbance of an absorption of Adepses, a steatorrhea.

7. It is easy to guess that among doctors there is no unity of opinion as to what exactly is this dysbiosis. Will vote differently pediatrician, immunologist, microbiologist, an allergist, infectious diseases. Bacteriologist has stated that dysbiosis - the notion of a purely bacteriological. It is difficult to expect reliable data about the significance of violent elimination of the so-called dysbiosis health until this concept will not be embedded at least one and / or definite meaning. Russian Gastroenterological Association avoids the use of the term, in the International Classification of Diseases, it is also not mentioned.

8. Symptoms of Dysbacteriosis There are many possible symptoms of dysbacteriosis, and many of them are being debated, but here are a few. Diarrhea Intestinal inflammation and flatulence Weight Gain Vaginal Yeast Infections Constipation Dandruff and Fungal Toenails Fatigue and Tiredness Depression and Anxiety Frequent Sinus Infections Diabetes and Autoimmune Disorders

9. Symptoms of Dysbacteriosis Signs of a dyspepsia, depression of the appetite, unpleasant taste in a mouth, a nausea, a meteorism, diarrhea or constipations are characteristic. Fecal masses have a sharp putrefactive or acidic smell. Attributes of the general intoxication are often observed, the flaccidity is observed, the working capacity decreases.

10. Dysbacteriosis Treatment Support the healthy bacteria, and slow the growth of the unfriendly organisms, mainly candida. There are many dangerous strains of bacteria such as Cl. difficile, but candida is the most common offender.

11. The treatment of dysbacteriosis must be complex, and are included the following measures: -The correction of immune status; -Deliverance from the already existing infections; -The elimination of the excess bacterial sowing of the small intestine; -The restoration of normal microbial flora of thick gut; -an improvement in the intestinal digestion and suction; -the restoration of the disrupted motor activity of bowels; -the stimulation of the reactivity of organism. The correctly selected diet and enzyme preparations contribute to the treatment of dysbacteriosis. With dysbacteriosis the collection of products must correspond in composition and quantity of food substances, enzyme possibilities of the pathologically changed small intestine.

12. To adjust dysbiotic disorders application of wide-range medications is recommended, yet complex treatment proves to be the most efficient, that is proper diet, vitamin therapy, microbial preparations and enterosorbents. Various microbial biopreparations can be applied: probiotics, which active component is live cultures of lactic acid bacilli, bifid bacteria, acidophilous bacteria and other beneficial microorganisms like E.coli, bifidumbacterin, cоlіbacterinum, lactobacterinum, bactisubtil, acipol, and biosporin. But all these are not enough as endotoxins of pathogenic microbes affect the immune homeostasis system, therefore enterosorbents shall be included into the treatment scheme.

13. Probiotics Probiotics are live microorganisms thought to be beneficial to the host organism. According to the currently adopted definition by FAO/WHO, probiotics are: "Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host". Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria are the most common types of microbes used as probiotics; but certain yeasts and bacilli may also be helpful. Probiotics are commonly consumed as part of fermented foods with specially added active live cultures; such as in yogurt, soy yogurt, or as dietary supplements.microorganismsFAOWHOLactic acid bacteriabifidobacteriamicrobes yeastsbacilliyogurtsoy yogurtdietary supplements

14. Prebiotics Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth and/or activity of bacteria in the digestive system in ways claimed to be beneficial to health. They were first identified and named by Marcel Roberfroid in 1995. As a functional food component, prebiotics, like probiotics, are conceptually intermediate between foods and drugs. Depending on the jurisdiction, they typically receive an intermediate level of regulatory scrutiny, in particular of the health claims made concerning them.functional foodprobioticsfoodsdrugshealth claims Typically, prebiotics are carbohydrates (such as oligosaccharides), but the definition may include non- carbohydrates. The most prevalent forms of prebiotics are nutritionally classed as soluble fiber. To some extent, many forms of dietary fiber exhibit some level of prebiotic effect oligosaccharidessoluble fiberdietary fiber

15. Definition in the 2007 Journal of Nutrition "A prebiotic is a selectively fermented ingredient that allows specific changes, both in the composition and/or activity in the gastrointestinal microflora that confers benefits upon host well-being and health."

16. Effects Studies have demonstrated positive effects on calcium and other mineral absorption, immune system effectiveness,bowel pH, reduction of colorectal cancer risk, inflammatory bowel disorders (Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) Hypertension (high blood pressure) and intestinal regularity. Recent human trials have reinforced the role of Prebiotics in preventing and possibly stopping early stage colon cancer. It has been argued that many of these health effects emanate from increased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) by the stimulated beneficial bacteria. Thus food supplements specifically enhancing the growth of SCFA producing intestinal bacteria (such as clostridia and bacteroides species) are widely recognized to be beneficial.clostridia bacteroides

17. Synbiotics Synbiotics refer to nutritional supplements combining probiotics and prebiotics in a form of synergism, hence synbiotics. probioticsprebiotics Probiotics are live bacteria which are intended to colonize the large intestine and confer physiological health benefits to the host. A prebiotic is a food or dietary supplement product that confers a health benefit on the host associated with modulating the microbiota. Prebiotics are not drugs, not functioning because of absorption of the component, not due to the component acting directly on the host, and are due to changes to the resident bacteria - either changing the proportions of the resident bacteria or the activities thereof. Measurable changes to the microbiota in the absence of a desirable physiological consequence in the host does not quality as a prebiotic. A prebiotic may be a fiber, but a fiber is not necessarily a prebiotic.

18. Using prebiotics and probiotics in combination is often described as synbiotic, but the United Nations Food & Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommends that the term “synbiotic” be used only if the net health benefit is synergistic. A further restriction is to require that the prebiotic be shown to increase the population and/or function of the probiotic it is paired with. Examples bifidobacteria and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) bifidobacteriafructo-oligosaccharides Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and inulins Lactobacillus rhamnosusinulins bifidobacteria or lactobacilli with FOS or inulins or galactooligosaccharides (GOS)galactooligosaccharides