2. IMD07101 Introduction to Human Computer Interaction Welcome! Communication Workshop: “Interacting With Others” Workshop Facilitator : Dr Rosie Doyle

3.  Understand communication as a dynamic / transactional process – and the implications of this perspective  Learn a model to analyse the dynamic of communication ( Berne’s Transactional Analysis).  Identify your personal communication style/s – general tendencies and in specific situations.  Understand how communication dynamics affect your success in teamworking situations.  Develop personal strategies to improve your communication skills, and develop your versatility. General Learning Outcomes

4. Contribution to the module:  Communication in user-centred design  Group assignment – constructive group work and reflective assessment  Career and professional development – relevant personal skills:  Teamworking  Communication  Self awareness and identity – strengths & areas for change  PDP

5. Do you ever find yourself? Experiencing great difficulty in understanding some people Being surprised at someone’s reaction to something you said or did Experiencing same pattern of behaviour in specific relationships and Feeling misunderstood or not heard Thinking we said something we didn’t Thinking we didn’t say something we did Seeing things from our own perspective, rather than that of others Not realising the effect, or outcome, of our words and behaviour on others Adler, H. (2002) Handbook of NLP

6. Individual Activity In your workbooks, write down 2 examples of challenging 1:1 relationships (that you would be happy to share with others!)  It may help to think of a time when:  You felt frustrated?  You felt de-motivated?  Think about what the other person says or does?  We will come back to this

7. Communication Tool: TA - Transactional Analysis (TA) Berne E. “Games People Play “ 1964 Harris T “I'm OK You're OK” 1976 Eric Berne

8. TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS Ego States PACPAC CHILD PARENT ADULT

9. TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS: Ego States PACPAC Critical Nurturing Free Adapted

10. Nurturing Critical Free Adapted Caring Spoiling Structuring Controlling Co-operative Resistant Spontaneous Immature PACPAC

11. PACPAC Responsibility for others Taught/Ought No sense of responsibility Responsibility for self Thought Felt

12. How People can relate? The EGO States for Transactional Analysis Taken from Eric Berne’s Original Transactional Analysis work Adult AdaptedFree CriticalNurturing Critical, Disciplining, Restricting Helpful, Caring, Loving Concentrate on facts, not feelings, calm Independent of age – Mature and deliberating Impulsive, Instinctive, Undisciplined, Demanding Influence of Upbringing, “Does as it is told” – Guilt, Rebellion, Obedience and Compromises Parent Child

13. Types of Words Used! Taken from Eric Berne’s Original Transactional Analysis work AdaptedFree CriticalNurturing Adult Parent Child  “Don’t touch that”, “Leave it to me”  “Don’t be afraid”, “I’ll help you”  “What do you think?”, “What are the choices?”  “Wow”, “Let’s Play”, “It’s mine”  “I must because he says so”, “You always try to make me do that”

14. Parent, Adult or Child?

15. Anne Robinson Gordon Brown Jonathan Ross Nigella Lawson Ant and Dec James Bond

16. Group Activity Rotate through three flipcharts and describe each ego state under the following headings CHILD PARENT ADULT Words Tone Body Language

17. Observing Group Behaviours ….  2 observers per group.  Watch group activity and note any good examples of child/adult/parent interaction on the ‘observation sheet’.  Rest of group – ignore observers!

18. Your Challenge Use the paper to make a “flying machine” Winner is one that flies furthest You have _5__ minutes! GO!

19. P A C Parent Adult Child How does it work? When we communicate we are doing so from one of our ego states Our feelings at the time determine which one we use, and at any time something can trigger a shift from one state to another. Effective transactions or communication is to and from the same ego state Complementary transactions can be between opposite states Ineffective communication can come from a cross over from ego state to ego state P A C YOU OTHER

20. PACPAC PACPAC

21. PACPAC PACPAC

22. PACPAC PACPAC

23.  Choose the most problematic of these relationships  In pairs, take it in turns to discuss the insights TA can offer you into the communication dynamic of this relationship  Note any actions that may help you improve the communication dynamic of the relationship (i.e. changes to your words/tone/body language) Go back to your 2 challenging relationships …

24. Group Activity 1.You get some critical peer feedback on your project proposal 2.You get some critical feedback from your tutor on your project proposal 3.Someone pushes in in front of you in a queue 4.Someone interrupts you whilst you are speaking 5.Your friend asks you to come out to the pub on the night before you present a group project For your group’s scenario: Write down examples of Parent, Adult and Child responses. How would you respond? Is it Parent, Adult, Child?

25. How To Maintain Adult to Adult Communication Ask open questions Ask specific questions Showing understanding of others feelings Ask for a clearer explanation Listen attentively Admit it openly if you are mistaken Leave open the chance of other courses of action Check the facts Use the caring parent Combine the 3 ego’s where appropriate

26. What next.....? 1.Complete the ‘Desired Personal Outcomes’ sheet – Booklet p17 2.Complete the TA personal profile questionnaire (Booklet p 6) What have you learnt and how can you use it?

27. Thank you! Please take a minute to complete our short feedback form. We value honest (ADULT!) feedback!