1. Spring 2002Christophe Roos - 2/6 Gene finding Function preserves sequences Christophe Roos - MediCel ltd christophe.roos@medicel.fi Similarity is the result of conservation or converging evolution – it has its reason of being Mutations change sequences

2. Spring 2002Christophe Roos - 2/6 Gene finding DNA and protein sequence data The most abundant type of biological data available electronically Of central importance ttcgcacggc gtgcgtttgg ctgaacacag cagtctcttg gctaaagctt tcatgagcag 60 tgcatgtaat aaaaactgag atccaactat gtttacattg caaccaactc caactgctat 120 aggcaccgtg gttcccccat ggtcagcggg aacattgata gagcgcctgc cgtctttaga 180 agacatggct cacaagggtc acagtggagt aaatcagctg ggtggcgttt ttgttggagg 240 aaggcctttg ccagattcaa cacggcaaaa aattgtcgaa ctggcacatt ctggagctcg 300 Sequence as it appears in the EMBL DNA database at www.ebi.ac.uk http://srs.ebi.ac.uk/srs6bin/cgi-bin/wgetz?-e+-id+15iZ61IWJSp+[EMBL-acc:X79493] MRNLPCLGTAGGSGLGGIAG… Sequence as it appears in the Swissprot database at EBI http://srs.ebi.ac.uk/srs6bin/cgi-bin/wgetz?-id+15iZ61IWJSp+[swissprot-AccNumber:O18381]+-e

3. Spring 2002Christophe Roos - 2/6 Gene finding From DNA to protein: translation

4. Spring 2002Christophe Roos - 2/6 Gene finding Informational classes in genomic DNA Regulatory sequences Transcribed sequences (exons and introns) Messanger sequences (mRNA, exons only) Coding sequences (CDS, part of the exons only) Heads and tails: untranslated parts (UTR)... and all the rest  Identify them: gene-finding

5. Spring 2002Christophe Roos - 2/6 Gene finding Open reading frames - ORF

6. Spring 2002Christophe Roos - 2/6 Gene finding Gene finding: more than ORFs

7. Spring 2002Christophe Roos - 2/6 Gene finding Perform sometimes quite well: