1. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001" Libraries and Associations in the Transient World : New Technologies and New Forms of Cooperation" Sudak, Ukraine, June 9-17, 2001

2. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Mathematics Subject Classification and related classifications in the digital world Antonella De Robbio, Dario Maguolo Mathematics Library Università degli Studi di Padova - ITALY Alberto Marini Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IAMI-CNR), Milano - ITALY

3. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Contents HConnecting classifications in the digital world HSubject classifications in Mathematics, Computing, Physics (specialists) HGeneral subject classifications (librarians) HDisplaying classifications: our achievements HConclusions

4. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Connecting classifications in the digital world HConnecting classifications HOrganization, functionalities, interaction modes HUsers in different settings HApproaches to the issues of connecting classifications HEncoded in the metadata

5. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Users in different settings Hdifferent demands and expectations Hinformation needs Hcutting costs and times Hheterogeneity of sources: Pspecialised databases Pdedicated portals Pgeneral online library catalogues PWeb search engines Preference (metadata) databases Pfull-text or hypermedial digital libraries Pe-journal aggregators Ppreprint servers and authors' self-archives

6. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Approaches to the issues of connecting classifications HThe specialized world of discipline- oriented classifications PSubject classifications in Mathematics, Computing, Physics, Engineering … HGeneral library subject classifications Psuch as Dewey Decimal Classification, Universal Decimal Classification or Library of Congress: Pwidely used in public, school or even general academic libraries

7. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Subject classifications in Mathematics, Computing, Physics HMathematics Subject Classification HReferativnyj zhurnal: Matematika. Classification Scheme HZentralblatt für Didaktik der Mathematik Classification Scheme HACM Computing Classification System HPACS: Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme HINSPEC Classification

8. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) General library subject classifications HDewey Decimal Classification HUniversal Decimal Classification HLibrary of Congress Classification HOther...

9. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Encoded in the metadata Hset of structured descriptions should be encoded in the metadata Hmetadata are managed by search engines Hstandard format metadata sets Pare the result of conversions from heterogeneous databases Pserve as indexes for queries in the original databases

10. The Mathematics Subject Classification

11. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Mathematics Subject Classification Hcompiled and updated by the editorial offices of MathSci and Zentralblatt MATH. Hcovers all branches of pure and applied mathematics Pincluding probability and statistics, numerical analysis and computing, mathematical physics and economics, systems theory and control, information and communication theory.

12. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) The evolving structure of MSC HFrom 1959 to 1985 the MathSci version of MSC counts 60 major sections; 61 from 1986 to 1999 and 63 since 2000. HUntil 1972 the classification was issued in two levels; an intermediate level became available in 1973, and is progressively being exploited, as far as MSC increases in detail and so grows in size. HAfter 1973 major MSC revisions came in use in 1980, 1985, 1986, 1991, 2000.

13. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) The evolving structure of MSC HStarted with 1436 numbers in 1959, MSC counts 4895 numbers in 1999 and 5590 since 2000. HA consistent and ever growing apparatus of cross references helps understanding connections between different branches of mathematics.

14. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) The Referativnyj zhurnal: Matematika classification scheme HIt is prepared as a piece of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) for Referativnyj zhurnal: Matematika. HAn English translation is provided by the AMS site in textual form, at the address: http://www.ams.org/mathweb/Classif/RZhClassification.html http://www.ams.org/mathweb/Classif/RZhClassification.html

15. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Zentralblatt für Didaktik der Mathematik Classification Scheme (ZDM) Hpaper version of the database is Zentralblatt fur Didaktik der Mathematik Hused for the bibliographic database on mathematics education and related fields MATHDI, active since 1976, which can be accessed through the sites of the European Mathematical Information Service (EMIS). http://www.mathematik.uni-osnabrueck.de/projects/zdm

16. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) ACM Computing Classification System (CCS) HACM's first classification system for the computing field was published in 1964. Then, in 1982, the ACM published an entirely new system. New versions based on the 1982 system followed, in 1983, 1987, 1991, and 1998. Hissued by the (ACM), for the directories Computing Reviews (CR) and Guide to Computing Literature (GCL). Hadopted by the bibliographic database CompuScience, which contains references from CR since 1976, from GCL since 1977 and from Section 68 Computer Science of MSC in ZM/MA. http://www.acm.org/class/1998

17. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) INSPEC Classification HINSPEC was formed in 1967, based on the Science Abstracts service, which has been provided by the Institution of Electrical Engineers (UK) since 1898. PSection A: Physics - it's a version of PACS; PSection B: Electrical & Electronic Engineering PSection C: Computer & Control PSection D: Information Technology

18. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme (PACS) HPrepared by the American Institute of Physics (AIP) HThe most recent internationally agreed scheme was published by ICSTI in 1991. HRevised editions of PACS are published biennially, or as necessary, by AIP. HPACS contains 10 broad categories subdivided into 66 major topics http://www.aip.org/pubservs/pacs.html http://www.aip.org/pubservs/pacs.html

19. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Displaying classifications: our achievements Hclassification schemes, terminologies, metadata collections are complex documentation structures Hgeneration of highly portable hypertexts Pto facilitate readability and discovery of meaning Pto move to and from parallel views of the same or similar structures along links inside or between the structures Hhypertexts are produced mainly by a pool of standard C programs

21. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) The Mathematics Classification Page HSimple frame HDouble view presentation HSimple frame presentation, Italian translation HInterleaved English and Italian texts HSimple frame presentation, including changes from MSC 1991 HSimple frame presentation, with links to subject specific pages of relevant Websites

22. The Mathematics Classification Page The Mathematics Classification Page MSC2000 libraries H-volumi

28. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Another project... about interconnecting classifications is the German project Content Analysis, Retrieval an Metadata: Effective Networking" (CARMEN) (from October 1999 to February 2002)

29. Eighth International Conference "Crimea 2001". De Robbio, Maguolo, Marini (ITALY) Conclusions Hintegration inside OPACs Hgateway for e-print server OAI compliants Hclassification schemes encoded in metadata formats