1. CALCULATING THE AGE OF A STUDENT FOR ASSESSMENT NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS

2. CALCULATION OF AGE Any time you test a child, perhaps the most important piece of information you must obtain is the child’s age at the time of testing (known as Chronological Age). Miscalculating a child’s chronological age will result in faulty interpretations and scores. Therefore, it is necessary to take your time and be sure of a child’s chronological age when determining how old he or she is at the time of testing Chronological Age is often abbreviated as C.A.

3. Why Not Just Ask Children Their Ages? The answer is threefold: 1. Many children do not know when they were born or how old they are 2. Children think they know their Date of Birth but are incorrect. 3. Ages (when doing an evaluation) are broken down into Years, Months, and Days, something that children would not normally know.

4. Years-Months-Days For example, you may calculate that a child has a chronological age of 7-9-13. This means that the child is 7 years, 9 months, and 13 days old. If you determine that a child is 11-5-17, this represents a child who is 11 years, 5 months, and 17 days old.

5. Calculation of Age YEARMONTH DAYS Date of Test ____________________ __________ Date of Birth ____________________ __________ Chronological Age ____________________ __________ To calculate Chronological Age, the first step is simply to fill in the appropriate lines for Date of Test and Date of Birth.

6. A child who was tested on November 25, 1999, and who was born on July 9, 1985, would have the following box : YearMonthDays Date of Test19991125 Date of Birth1985 7 9 Chronological Age_________ In the box, Date of Test of November 25, 1999, is represented by 1999-11-25, In the box, Date of Birth of July 9, 1985, is represented by 1985-7-9.

7. Right to Left Subtraction Rule Important Point: Always start the subtraction process from RIGHT to LEFT (i.e., subtract the Days, then the Months, and lastly, the Years). You must always follow this procedure!

8. Calculation of Age YEARMONTHDAYS Date of Test 19991125 Date of Birth 1985 7 9 Chronological Age 14 416 This child was 14-4-16 at the time of testing 14 years, 4 months, and 16 days old.

9. Rounding Up Ages On many tests (or in educational reports and IEPs), the age may be rounded up/down to Years and Months. General Rule (see manual for specifics): If the number of days is greater than 15, the age is rounded up. C.A. of 10-7-24 would become 10-8 If the number of days is less than or equal to 15, it remains the same. C.A. of 8-6-2 would become 8-6

10. Date of Test DAYS is Less Than Date of Birth DAYS. Now, suppose you have a child whose Date of Test DAYS is less than his or her Date of Birth DAYS.

11. Date of Test DAYS is Less Than Date of Birth DAYS. Suppose you have a child who was tested on August 11, 2005. He was born on May 23, 1995. YEARMONTH DAYS Date of Test20058 11 Date of Birth19955 23 Chronological Age _______________________________

12. RULE for When Date of Test DAYS is Less Than the Date of Birth DAYS Rule: Subtract 1 from the Date of Test MONTHS and add 30 to the Date of Test DAYS You are simply replacing 1 month with 30 days.

13. Date of Test DAYS is Less Than Date of Birth DAYS. You cannot subtract 23 from 11, so simply subtract 1 from the Date of Test MONTHS (8 – 1 = 7) and add 30 to Date of Test DAYS (11 + 30 = 41). YEARMONTH DAYS Date of Test20057 (8-1) 41 (11+ 30) Date of Birth19955 23 Chronological Age _____________ _______

14. Date of Test DAYS is Less Than Date of Birth DAYS. Now, simply subtract as you normally would: YEARMONTHDAYS Date of Test2005741 Date of Birth1995523 Chronological Age 10218 This child is 10-2-18. (For assessment purposes, the child’s age probably would be recorded as 10-3.)

15. Date of Test MONTHS is Less Than the Date of Birth MONTHS. Now, suppose the Date of Test MONTHS is less than the Date of Birth MONTHS.

16. Date of Test MONTHS is Less Than the Date of Birth MONTHS. Suppose a child’s Date of Birth is November 4, 2000. His Date of Testing was on April 15, 2005. Calculate his Chronological Age at the time of testing.

17. Date of Test MONTHS is Less Than the Date of Birth MONTHS. YEARMONTHDAYS Date of Test2005 415 Date of Birth2000 11 4 Chronological Age __________ __________11 You cannot subtract 11 MONTHS from 4 MONTHS.

18. RULE for When Date of Test MONTHS is Less Than the Date of Birth MONTHS. RULE: When Date of Test MONTHS is Less Than the Date of Birth MONTHS, subtract 1 from the Date of Test YEARS and add 12 to the Date of Test MONTHS You are replacing 1 year with 12 months.

19. Date of Test MONTHS is Less Than the Date of Birth MONTHS. Therefore, subtract 1 from the Date of Test YEARS (2005 – 1 = 2004) and add 12 to the Date of Test MONTHS (4 + 12 = 16). YEARMONTHDAYS Date of Test 2004 (2005-1) 16 (4 + 12) 15 Subtract as you normally would. Now, the box looks like this:

20. Date of Test MONTHS is Less Than the Date of Birth MONTHS. YEARMONTH DAYS Date of Test 2004 (2005-1) 16 (4 + 12) 15 Date of Birth2000 11 4 Chronological Age ______ _____ 11

21. Date of Test MONTHS is Less Than the Date of Birth MONTHS. YEARMONTH DAYS Date of Test2004 1615 Date of Birth2000 11 4 Chronological Age 4511 This child was 4-5-11 when tested.

22. The Ultimate Age Calculation Problem If you can do this problem, then you should be able to do any calculation of age. Try this one:

23. The Ultimate Age Calculation Problem A child is tested on March 14, 2005. He was born on December 29, 1993. What was his age at the time of testing?

24. The Ultimate Age Calculation Problem YEARMONTH DAYS Date of Test2005 314 Date of Birth199312 29 Chronological Age ______________

25. The Ultimate Age Calculation Problem YEARMONTH DAYS Date of Test2005 244 Date of Birth199312 29 Chronological Age __________15

26. The Ultimate Age Calculation Problem YEARMONTH DAYS Date of Test2004 1444 Date of Birth199312 29 Chronological Age _____215

27. The Ultimate Age Calculation Problem YEARMONTHDAYS Date of Test2000 314 Date of Birth1988 12 29 Chronological Age 11215 This child was 11-2-15 when tested.

28. Practice Problem—Calculate Your Chronological Age YEARMONTHDAYS Date of Test Date of Birth Chronological Age