1. Driver Education Section VI Day 3 - Traction Concerns

2. DE SOL 13 The student will identify changes in the environment that affect visibility and traction and demonstrate an understanding of appropriate driver reaction to these risks d. Vehicle stability and traction control systems

3. Objectives Understand and properly use vehicular protection features and roadway technologies that reduce injury severity and increase collision survival Recognize vehicular imbalance and choose appropriate countermeaures to prevent loss of vehicle control

4. Study for your Quiz 10 Minutes to study When you finish the quiz do your Bell Ringer

5. Day 3 – Traction Concerns Bell Ringer – –2paragraphs –Can do 1 paragraph for each question Name at least 3 situations when a car may need to stop quickly. List factors that may make this difficult.

6. Causes of Traction Loss Causes of Traction Loss DOE PP > Module 8 Condition of the Vehicle Brakes unevenly adjusted Brakes pulling in one direction or the other can cause a skid--as can wheels out of alignment when brakes are applied Tires with unevenly worn tread - The size of the front and rear tires do not match - The tread depth or tire type of the front and rear tires are different Different tire pressure on opposite sides of the vehicle has a similar effect to uneven brake adjustment since one tire will drag more than others Handout

7. Causes of Traction Loss Causes of Traction Loss DOE PP > Module 8 Driver Actions Sudden steering actions on a slippery surface, or abrupt or sudden changes in vehicle speed Panic stop or applying the brakes too hard on a hill curve or slippery surface Suddenly engaging the clutch on a slippery surface Handout

8. Causes of Traction Loss Causes of Traction Loss DOE PP > Module 8 Driver Actions Most driver-induced skids are caused by: excessive speed coupled with excessive steering input or improper braking when turning Loss of traction also occurs with these driver’s actions at normal speeds on ice/snow or on roadways covered by sand, gravel, or water Handout

9. Sudden shifts of vehicle weight causes traction loss - Left, Right, Forward, or Backward Simultaneous steering, braking and/or acceleration creates sudden shifts in vehicle balance Traction loss compounds crash consequences Traction Loss Considerations Traction Loss Considerations DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

10. Sudden shifts of vehicle weight causes traction loss - Left, Right, Forward, or Backward Simultaneous steering, braking and/or acceleration creates sudden shifts in vehicle balance Traction loss compounds crash consequences Traction Loss Considerations Traction Loss Considerations DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

11. Weight Moves to the Front of the Car Causing Weight Moves to the Front of the Car Causing –a noticeable drop of the hood –a noticeable rise of the rear deck –forward movement of driver and passengers When Brakes are Applied Too Hard or Quickly Direction of Travel Force or Weight Movement Rear LIFTS Front DROPS Traction Loss Considerations Traction Loss Considerations DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

12. Weight Moves to the Rear of the Car Causing Weight Moves to the Rear of the Car Causing –a noticeable rise of the hood –a noticeable drop of the rear deck –rearward movement of driver and passengers When Acceleration is Applied Too Hard or Quickly Direction of Travel Front LIFTS Force or Weight Movement Rear DROPS Traction Loss Considerations Traction Loss Considerations DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

13. Weight Moves to the Opposite Side of the Car Weight Moves to the Opposite Side of the Car Weight Movement Causes: Weight Movement Causes: –a noticeable drop and tilt of the hood –a noticeable rise and tilt of the rear deck –driver and passenger movement towards the car’s corner When Steering is Applied Too Hard or Quickly Force or Weight Movement Front DROPS Rear LIFTS Direction of Travel Traction Loss Considerations Traction Loss Considerations DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

14. If A Vehicle Keeps Moving Straight Ahead in Spite of Steering Efforts To the Contrary, It Means Front Traction Has Been Lost The Technical Term is Called “Under steer” Actual Path of Travel Intended Path of Travel front tires SLIDE rear tires PUSH The Driver Will First Visually Identify Unusual Forward Sliding Movement Caused by the Vehicle’s Weight Pushing the Front Wheels Straight Ahead Regardless of Any Steering Input Traction Loss to Front Tires Traction Loss to Front Tires DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

15. Targeted Path of Travel Lift Eyes to Targeted Path of Travel Intended Path of Travel Actual Path of Travel Direct Vision to Targeted Path of TravelDirect Vision to Targeted Path of Travel Activate ABS, if Vehicle is EquippedActivate ABS, if Vehicle is Equipped –Ease off Conventional Brake System –Reestablish Rolling Traction Ease off Steering InputsEase off Steering Inputs –Abrupt Steering Can Create Traction Loss –Allows Tire Tread to Point Toward Path of Travel Jab/Stab Brake to Move Weight Forward if ABS is not AvailableJab/Stab Brake to Move Weight Forward if ABS is not Available (ABS performs this function automatically) (ABS performs this function automatically) To Correct Front Traction Loss To Correct Front Traction Loss DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

16. Identified by driver when front of vehicle moves to the left or right of travel path without steering input in that directionIdentified by driver when front of vehicle moves to the left or right of travel path without steering input in that direction Technical term is “Over steer”Technical term is “Over steer” Intended Path of Travel Actual Path of Travel Vehicle’s Weight Tends to Push Rear Wheels Left or Right Without Steering InputVehicle’s Weight Tends to Push Rear Wheels Left or Right Without Steering Input Vehicle Begins To YawVehicle Begins To Yaw front tires ROLL rear tires SLIDE Traction Loss to Rear Tires Traction Loss to Rear Tires DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

17. Direct Vision to Targeted Path of TravelDirect Vision to Targeted Path of Travel On Targeted Path Off Targeted Path Steer Toward Targeted Path of TravelSteer Toward Targeted Path of Travel Adjust Steering Input as Needed to Maintain Targeted Path of TravelAdjust Steering Input as Needed to Maintain Targeted Path of Travel Apply Light Progressive Acceleration (2 mph is goal) to Move the Weight to the Rear. (The Traction Control System will adjust the speed and brakes automatically when activated)Apply Light Progressive Acceleration (2 mph is goal) to Move the Weight to the Rear. (The Traction Control System will adjust the speed and brakes automatically when activated) Activate Traction Control System, if Equipped:Activate Traction Control System, if Equipped: –Ease off brake or accelerator –Reestablish rolling traction Intended Path of Travel Rear Tire Movement To Correct Rear Traction Loss To Correct Rear Traction Loss DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

18. Do not panic and steer too abruptlyDo not panic and steer too abruptly Ease off acceleratorEase off accelerator DO NOT BRAKEDO NOT BRAKE Get both wheels off the pavementGet both wheels off the pavement Steer the vehicle parallel to the roadwaySteer the vehicle parallel to the roadway If clear, ease back on to the roadway one wheel at a timeIf clear, ease back on to the roadway one wheel at a time Limit steering inputs to less than 1/8 of a turn of the wheelLimit steering inputs to less than 1/8 of a turn of the wheel Use even less input when the edge of road is highUse even less input when the edge of road is high Target the center of the adjacent lane to avoid a “Slingshot” maneuver into oncoming trafficTarget the center of the adjacent lane to avoid a “Slingshot” maneuver into oncoming traffic Off Road Recovery Off Road Recovery DOE PP > Module 8 Handout

19. Electronic Stability Protection Video Clip ( Over and Under Steer )

20. Classwork #6 Read Pages 257 – 259 –“Natural Laws and Steering and Braking –Answer Lesson 2 Review Question 1 - 4

21. Video – “In Control” 31 Minutes

22. Remember Test Tomorrow