1. Heterocyclic Chemistry HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
CHEMISTRY OF
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
Heterocyclic Chemistry

2. WHAT IS HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY?
What are carbocyclic compounds?
cyclohexane
benzene

3. Carbocyclic Compound Carboxylic Compound Aromatic Compound

4. What’s aheterocyclic compound?
If the ring system is made up of carbon atoms and at least one other element, the compound can be classified as hetero cyclic.
The elements that are found most commonly together with carbon in a ring system are Nitrogen (N), Oxygen(O), and Sulfur(S).

5. Heterocyclic Chemistry
Heterocyclic compounds
are organic compounds that contain a ring structure containing atoms in addition to carbon, such as sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen, as the heteroatom.

6. Heterocyclic Chemistry
Heterocyclic classification
It can be classified into
Heteroaromatic
Heteroalicyclic
Heterocyclic compounds X

7. Heterocyclic Chemistry
Heterocyclic classification
1- Aliphatic heterocycles :-
Piperidine
Oxirane

8. Heterocyclic Chemistry
2- Aromatic heterocycles :-
a- six-membered aromatic hetrocycles
Pyridine
Pyrimidine

9. Heterocyclic Chemistry
2- Aromatic heterocycles :-
b- five-membered aromatic hetrocycles
Thiophen
Furan

10. Heterocyclic Chemistry
2- Aromatic heterocycles :-
c- bicyclic heteroaromatic compounds
Indol
Quinoline

11. Heterocyclic Chemistry
Importantce and uses of Heterocyclic compounds:-
Biosynthesized
Essential for life ( haem, chlorophyll)
Their metabolitis used as
- toxin towords off predators
- colouring agents to attact mates
In general various important compounds such as:-
alkaloids, vitamins, antibiotics, essential amino acids, hormones, drugs and dyes contain heterocyclic structure.

12. Heterocyclic Chemistry
• in general: nucleic acids, amino acids (proteins),
• feeding: proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins
• alkaloids: nicotine, caffeine
Application:
• antibiotics (penicillins, sulfonamides)
• insecticides (triazoles)
• herbicides (triazines, pyridines)

13. Heterocyclic Chemistry
2/3 of all organic compounds are
heterocyclic compounds

14. Heterocyclic Chemistry
The main focus:-
* Five-membered systems containing one heteroatom
* Six-membered system containing one heteroatom

15. HETEROCYCLIC NOMENCLAUTURE