1. National Computational Science Alliance “The Coming of the Grid” Building a Computational Grid Workshop Argonne National Laboratory September 8-10,1997

2. National Computational Science Alliance Other Infrastructures Electrical Power Communications Petroleum Transportation –Air –Highway –Railroad Physical Goods –Manufacturing –Supply Chain –Inventory and Warehousing Banking System

3. National Computational Science Alliance General Properties of Grids Inhomogeneous Node Distribution Function –Supernodes –Ubiquitous Smaller Nodes Caching Essential Variable Speed Pathways Created by Interactions –Government –Industry –Invention

4. National Computational Science Alliance Why Is There Chicago? - Supernode on the Transportation Grid Railroad Infrastructure Required Caching –Grain –Livestock Caching Created Financial Markets –Board of Trade Retailing Center Emerges –Manufactured Goods Need Middleware –Inventory and Redistribution Today Air Transport, Telecom Supernode Cronon, William. Nature's Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West

5. National Computational Science Alliance Infrastructure Leaves its Mark -- a Century Later Railroad

6. National Computational Science Alliance Exponential Cascade: From Leading Edge to Consumer Electronics 1985 Cray X-MP Cost:$8,000,000 60,000 watts of power No Built in Graphics 56 kbps NSFnet Backbone 1997 Nintendo 64 Cost: $149 5 watts of power Interactive 3D Graphics 64 kbps ISDN to Home Source: Silicon Graphics, 1997

7. National Computational Science Alliance NSFNET 56 Kb/s Backbone (1986-8) NCSA

8. National Computational Science Alliance NSFNET 1.5 -> 45 Mb/s Backbone (1988-94) NCSA Backbone 1988-90: T1 to 13 sites 1990-94: T3 to 16 sites

9. National Computational Science Alliance NSF vBNS and PACI - Mutually Interdependent NPACI NCSA Alliance Both NCSA Alliance and NPACI Other High Performance Connection sites Current vBNS “Backbone” sites

10. National Computational Science Alliance EPSCoR and the State Participation Problem

11. National Computational Science Alliance Leading Edge Centers –Supernodes of the Grid Enabling Technology Teams –Architects of the Grid Applications Technologies Teams –Specifications for the Grid Education, Outreach, and Training Teams –Content for the Grid Partners for Advanced Computational Services –Support for the Grid The Alliance is Prototyping the National Technology Grid

12. National Computational Science Alliance The National Technology Grid

13. National Computational Science Alliance Projected NCSA Alliance Interconnection NCSA EVL/UIC ANL GaTech Colorado Rice/UH/Baylor Michigan Penn Minnesota Kentucky OSC KANSA Old DominionUNM/MHPCC Washington SURA ESNet DREN DS-3 ET/AT LdgEdge Regional Wisc. vBNS Add’l ET/AT OC-12 OC-48 User community primarily Internet-II but spread throughout. STAR-TAP MREN Other agency, International NCSA planning MREN and AAInet connections in 97. BU

14. National Computational Science Alliance Exponential Growth in National User Demand Will Drive Grid Capabilities 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 100,000,000 1,000,000,000 198619881990199219941996199820002002 Fiscal Year Normalized CPU Hours 10 Teraflops NSF Centers Total Annual Usage Source: Quantum Research Database PVP MPP SMP DSM

15. National Computational Science Alliance Rotating Turbulent Gas Ball Model of the Sun Nine Day Run on NCSA Origin (128-processors) Generated 2 Terabytes of Data, LCSE Visualized in 3 Days Dave Porter, Paul Woodward, et al., LCSE, Univ of Minnesota, June 1997 Computational Scientists Need the Grid

16. National Computational Science Alliance Experimental Scientists Need the Grid Rachael Brady, NCSA I-WAY ‘95

17. National Computational Science Alliance Observational Scientists Need the Grid BIMA, Courtesy Richard Crutcher, UIUC

18. National Computational Science Alliance Virtual Manufacturing Needs the Grid Customer Manufacturing Facility Supplier Designer ATM Network Source: Kem Ahlers, Caterpillar

19. National Computational Science Alliance The Environment Needs the Grid Environmental Modeling in Shared VR-space –Chesapeake Bay Simulations and Databases ImmersaDesks vBNS DREN SGI Onyx (NCSA) SGI Onyx (CEWES) Integrated M-Bone Videoteleconferencing Data courtesy Old Dominion University Images produced by John Shalf, NCSA SGI Onyx (Old Dominion) SGI Onyx (U. Wisc)

20. National Computational Science Alliance Trainers and Educators Need the Grid 155 Mbps vBNS Image from EVL

21. National Computational Science Alliance Kids Need the Grid NICE--Jason Leigh-EVL, UIChttp://www.ice.eecs.uic.edu/~nice/

22. National Computational Science Alliance States Need the Grid http://www.aldea.com/cenic/calren-2.html

23. National Computational Science Alliance The World Needs the Grid

24. National Computational Science Alliance American Consumers Need the Grid

25. National Computational Science Alliance The Grid Needs YOU http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Indices/Spotlight/ Features/feature_CAVERNUS.html CAVE and ImmersaDesk Systems Hypernews Forums User Lists Application Galleries Shared Programs