1. Sam Houston’s Government
Texas History
Chapter 12

2. Houston Forms a Government
Sam Houston: first President of Texas
Texas Congress designated the city of Houston as the site of the Texas capital for three years

3. Texas Republic Boundaries
Rio Grande River; boundary with Mexico
Sabine River; eastern boundary
Red River; northern boundary
Texas claimed land as far as Santa Fe in the Northwest

4. United States Delays Annexation
Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence
U.S. President Jackson sent Henry Morfit to Texas. Morfit recommended against annexing Texas if it meant damaging relations with Mexico

5. U.S. Recognizes Texas Republic
Houston worked to convince U.S. President Jackson to recognize Texas as a nation
President Jackson granted official recognition of Texas on March 3, 1837

6. European Nations Recognize TX
President Houston sent J. Pinckney Henderson to negotiate treaties with France and Great Britain
European countries thought they would help limit U.S. expansion by recognizing Texas as its own republic

7. Native American Conflicts
To stop Native American raids, President Houston enlisted the help of the Texas Rangers.

8. Native American Conflicts
Cynthia Ann Parker, a settler from Ft. Parker near present-day Groesbeck, was kidnapped by the Comanches.
She became the mother of the last Comanche chief, Quanah Parker

9. Texas Debt Soars Expenditures: money paid out Revenue: money received
Texas had unpaid bills for the supplies and equipment of the revolution

10. Texas Debt Soars
Congress tried to provide revenue for the Republic by placing tariffs on imports and by imposing property and business taxes
Congress did NOT place tax on personal income

11. Lamar Becomes President
Sam Houston did not seek a 2nd consecutive term as President of the Republic of Texas
Texas Constitution forbade Presidents from serving consecutive terms
Mirabeau Lamar: Vice President under Houston

12. President Lamar Improving education was an important goal
“Father of Education” in Texas

13. Capital of Republic
City of Houston served as capital for first three years of the Republic
President Lamar wanted to expand Texas westward
1839, capital moved west to village of Waterloo on the Colorado River; town renamed Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin

14. Native American Policy
President Lamar reversed former President Houston’s policy toward Cherokee settlements in East Texas
Lamar ordered the Cherokees removed from Texas

15. Native American Policy
Council House Fight
Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, attacked Anglo settlers to avenge the deaths during the Council House Fight

16. Texas Rebuilds Navy Lamar hoped Mexico would recognize Texas
Navy aided rebels in Yucatan who were fighting for independence from Mexico

17. Santa Fe Expedition
Lamar send expedition to control region and open trade
Expedition suffered hardships: heat, lack of water and food, attacks by Native Americans

18. Financial Difficulties
Indian wars were costly
Increased size of Texas navy
“redbacks” worth 15 cents on the dollar
Texas debt rose to $7 million under Lamar

19. Houston Regains Presidency
Mexican troops invaded Texas in response to the failed Santa Fe expedition
President Houston wanted to save archives, or official documents by moving them

20. Archive War Government officials tried to move archives from Austin.
Archives and capital remained in Austin.

21. Treaty of 1844 Treaty between Republic of Texas and U.S.
Texas became a territory of the U.S.
U.S. would pay all debts of the Republic

22. U.S. Considers TX Annexation
Although Texas was now a U.S. territory, President John Tyler asked Congress to reconsider the annexation of Texas as a state

23. U.S. President Polk James Polk became U.S. President in 1844
His election showed that most American voters wanted to annex Texas as a state

24. Manifest Destiny
Many Americans believed that the United States would expand from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
“Manifest Destiny”

25. Texas Annexation 1845 joint resolution of U.S. Congress
Anson Jones, last president of Texas, and Texas Congress met in special session to approve annexation
Feb. 19, 1846: Texas officially became the 28th state in the U.S.

26. Review
President Houston did not run for a 2nd consecutive term because
He was a weak leader
Lamar was against him
Texas Constitution forbade it

27. Review
President Houston did not run for a 2nd consecutive term because
He was a weak leader
Lamar was against him
Texas Constitution forbade it

28. Review Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, attacked Anglo settlers to
Avenge the deaths during the Council House Fight
Bring about peace with Texas
Prevent the encroachment of white settlers on their lands

29. Review Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, attacked Anglo settlers to
Avenge the deaths during the Council House Fight
Bring about peace with Texas
Prevent the encroachment of white settlers on their lands

30. Review
This U.S. President granted official recognition of Texas on March 3, 1837
President Jefferson
President Jackson
President Lamar

31. Review
This U.S. President granted official recognition of Texas on March 3, 1837
President Jefferson
President Jackson
President Lamar

32. Review Santa Fe Expedition endured all of these hardships EXCEPT Heat
Native American attacks
Malaria

33. Review Santa Fe Expedition endured all of these hardships EXCEPT Heat
Native American attacks
Malaria

34. Review Henry Morfit’s report to President Jackson recommended
Statehood for Texas
Delaying recognition of Texas
Texas annexation to the U.S.

35. Review Henry Morfit’s report to President Jackson recommended
Statehood for Texas
Delaying recognition of Texas
Texas annexation to the U.S.

36. Review All of the following were provisions of the 1844 treaty EXCEPT
Texas would become a U.S. state
Texas would become a U.S. territory
U.S. would pay all debts of the Republic of Texas

37. Review All of the following were provisions of the 1844 treaty EXCEPT
Texas would become a U.S. state
Texas would become a U.S. territory
U.S. would pay all debts of the Republic of Texas

38. Review The last President of Texas was Anson Jones Andrew Jackson
Sam Houston

39. Review The last President of Texas was Anson Jones Andrew Jackson
Sam Houston

40. Review Texas Navy aided rebels in Yucatan who were
Invading the United States
Traveling to California
Fighting for independence from Mexico

41. Review Texas Navy aided rebels in Yucatan who were
Invading the United States
Traveling to California
Fighting for independence from Mexico

42. Review
Texas Congress took all these steps to provide revenue for the republic EXCEPT
Impose property and business taxes
Place a tariff on various good imported into Texas
Place a tax on personal income

43. Review
Texas Congress took all these steps to provide revenue for the republic EXCEPT
Impose property and business taxes
Place a tariff on various good imported into Texas
Place a tax on personal income

44. Review A major reason for delaying Texas annexation was
Slavery had been abolished
Texas had huge debts
Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence

45. Review A major reason for delaying Texas annexation was
Slavery had been abolished
Texas had huge debts
Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence

46. Review Expenditures are ________; Revenues are _____.
Money received; money paid out
Money paid out; money received
Taxes; tariffs

47. Review Expenditures are ________; Revenues are _____.
Money received; money paid out
Money paid out; money received
Taxes; tariffs

48. Review
Who was the person who traveled to Great Britain and France to negotiate treaties?
J. Pinckney Henderson
Sam Houston
Anson Jones

49. Review
Who was the person who traveled to Great Britain and France to negotiate treaties?
J. Pinckney Henderson
Sam Houston
Anson Jones

50. Review
At the end of President Lamar’s term, the Republic’s public debt was
$5 million
$7 million
$10 million

51. Review
At the end of President Lamar’s term, the Republic’s public debt was
$5 million
$7 million
$10 million

52. Review As a result of the Archives War, The capital remained in Austin
Many people fled to San Antonio
Lamar was elected President of the Republic

53. Review As a result of the Archives War, The capital remained in Austin
Many people fled to San Antonio
Lamar was elected President of the Republic

54. Review Improving education was an important goal for Texas president
Sam Houston
Mirabeau Lamar
Anson Jones

55. Review Improving education was an important goal for Texas president
Sam Houston
Mirabeau Lamar
Anson Jones

56. Review Improving education was an important goal for Texas president
Sam Houston
Mirabeau Lamar
Anson Jones

57. Review
To stop raids by Native Americans, President Houston enlisted the help of the
Texas Rangers
Texas Army
Spanish

58. Review
To stop raids by Native Americans, President Houston enlisted the help of the
Texas Rangers
Texas Army
Spanish

59. Review
The victory of James Polk as U.S. President in 1844 may have indicated that
Texans were not interested in annexation
Only Great Britain stood in the way of Texas annexation
Most Americans favored the annexation of Texas

60. Review
The victory of James Polk as U.S. President in 1844 may have indicated that
Texans were not interested in annexation
Only Great Britain stood in the way of Texas annexation
Most Americans favored the annexation of Texas

61. Review
The girl kidnapped from Parker’s Fort in raids by the Comanches and Kiowas was
Cynthia Ann Parker
Cynthia Marie Parker
Cynthia Ann Jones

62. Review
The girl kidnapped from Parker’s Fort in raids by the Comanches and Kiowas was
Cynthia Ann Parker
Cynthia Marie Parker
Cynthia Ann Jones

63. Review Manifest Destiny was the belief that
War with Mexico was inevitable
The U.S. would expand from coast to coast
Slavery was a necessary evil

64. Review Manifest Destiny was the belief that
War with Mexico was inevitable
The U.S. would expand from coast to coast
Slavery was a necessary evil

65. Review
The first President of Texas was ______; the “Father of Texas” was __________.
Sam Houston; Stephen F. Austin
Stephen F. Austin; Moses Austin
Mirabeau Lamar; Stephen F. Austin

66. Review
The first President of Texas was ______; the “Father of Texas” was __________.
Sam Houston; Stephen F. Austin
Stephen F. Austin; Moses Austin
Mirabeau Lamar; Stephen F. Austin

67. Review
This U.S. President first asked Congress to reconsider the annexation of Texas as a U.S. state
James Polk
Andrew Jackson
John Tyler

68. Review
This U.S. President first asked Congress to reconsider the annexation of Texas as a U.S. state
James Polk
Andrew Jackson
John Tyler

69. Review President Lamar was pleased the capital of Texas was moved to
Austin
Houston
San Antonio

70. Review President Lamar was pleased the capital of Texas was moved to
Austin
Houston
San Antonio

71. Review The capital of Texas for three years was Houston Austin
San Antonio

72. Review The capital of Texas for three years was Houston Austin
San Antonio

73. Review
Texas wanted to claim this trading center on the Upper Rio Grande River; this city was the farthest north in the Republic
San Antonio
San Angelo
Santa Fe

74. Review
Texas wanted to claim this trading center on the Upper Rio Grande River; this city was the farthest north in the Republic
San Antonio
San Angelo
Santa Fe

75. Review
Texas no longer includes this town; these boundaries are the same today as during the days of the Republic
San Angelo; Red River, Brazos River, Rio Grande
Santa Fe; Red River, Sabine River, Rio Grande
Santa Clara; Brazos River, Canadian River, Rio Grande

76. Review
Texas no longer includes this town; these boundaries are the same today as during the days of the Republic
San Angelo; Red River, Brazos River, Rio Grande
Santa Fe; Red River, Sabine River, Rio Grande
Santa Clara; Brazos River, Canadian River, Rio Grande

77. Good Luck on the Test!!