1. Global crises and the main challenges and changes in Africa: Climate Change issues Alioune Badara KAERE, UNDP Alioune.badara.kaere@undp.org

2. Outline Setting the scene – Africa’s Vulnerability: The Context Development in a time of climate change Climate Changes policies in a time of crisis

3. Africa’s Vulnerability: The Context

4. SETTING THE SCENE – WHAT DO WE KNOW ON CC IN AFRICA?

5. Africa and Climate Change Economic Changes Impacts of climate change in 2030 could cost up to 2.7% of the GDP in Africa. E.g. Flood in Senegal : 104M$ in 2009, about 0,07% GDP Source: initial results from a global integrated assessment model (FUND); UNEP AdaptCost and EC ClimateCost projects

6. Development in a time of climate change Addressing Africa’s economic growth without compromising the climate?

7. ADAPTATION Adaptation is a prerequisite for development Integrate climate risks into development planning Research community to develop a research agenda that reflect the needs of African governments, and provide tools to predict and understand current climate variability and extremes

8. MITIGATION- Development in a time of climate change Policy to reduce emissions through : – Technology policy, and – removal of barriers to behavioural change.

10. Focus technologies that improve energy efficiency ; shift to new renewable energy technologies is a long process e.g. Senegal : Over a 20 years period, cumulated savings on the import of fossil fuels of almost 70 million USD

11. Climate Changes policies in a time of crisis

13. Postpone a binding legal framework following the KP (2015-2020) Most of International support to DC (GCF), expected from the market mechanisms. Africa to set the pace of the debate – Intellectual leadership on CC. Priority Areas for Research: – Financial Instruments – Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) – Technology Transfer and Diffusion – Institutional challenge