2. Quebec Independence Movement

3. Essential Question What is the Quebec Independence Movement and how has it affected Canada? What is the Quebec Independence Movement and how has it affected Canada?

4. After Independence Canada received its independence or sovereignty in 1931. Canada received its independence or sovereignty in 1931. Canada still had close ties to England (British Commonwealth) Canada still had close ties to England (British Commonwealth) This caused problems. Many of the French in Canada felt like England had too much influence. This caused problems. Many of the French in Canada felt like England had too much influence.

5. Rivalry French Canadians live mostly in Quebec. French Canadians live mostly in Quebec. Since gaining independence French Canadians and English Canadians have fought over land and resources. Since gaining independence French Canadians and English Canadians have fought over land and resources. Many French Canadians have felt like 2 nd class citizens and feel they are outnumbered and don’t have their voices heard. Many French Canadians have felt like 2 nd class citizens and feel they are outnumbered and don’t have their voices heard.

6. Example: World War I During WWI England and France were fighting Germany. During WWI England and France were fighting Germany. Canada helped England. Canada helped England. They sent raw materials. They sent raw materials. They sent soldiers. They sent soldiers. 1000s died 1000s died

7. French Canadians in WWI Many French Canadians disagreed with Canada fighting in WWI. Many French Canadians disagreed with Canada fighting in WWI. They thought that fighting in WWI would only help England and hurt Canada. They thought that fighting in WWI would only help England and hurt Canada. They didn’t like the close ties that Canada still had with England. They didn’t like the close ties that Canada still had with England. Canada fought in WWI anyway. Canada fought in WWI anyway. Many French Canadians felt that the rest of Canada didn’t care about their opinions. Many French Canadians felt that the rest of Canada didn’t care about their opinions.

8. Change in Quebec Quebec used to be a French colony. Quebec used to be a French colony. After independence and for the next 100 years many English speaking people began moving into Quebec. After independence and for the next 100 years many English speaking people began moving into Quebec. The French people of Quebec were afraid of losing their culture. The French people of Quebec were afraid of losing their culture. They were afraid their language and culture might disappear They were afraid their language and culture might disappear They were already outnumbered by English Canadians. They were already outnumbered by English Canadians.

9. French Nationalism Many in Quebec became French Nationalists. Many in Quebec became French Nationalists. They no longer thought of themselves as Canadians but as French Canadians. They no longer thought of themselves as Canadians but as French Canadians. They wanted to protect their language and culture. They wanted to protect their language and culture. Many started to think that Quebec should secede from Canada. Many started to think that Quebec should secede from Canada. i.e. break off and become their own country. i.e. break off and become their own country.

10. Quebec’s Independence Movement The movement spread slowly but more and more in Quebec began following the movement. The movement spread slowly but more and more in Quebec began following the movement. In 1980 and in 1995 Quebec voted on whether or not to secede. In 1980 and in 1995 Quebec voted on whether or not to secede. Each time more people voted to stay a part of Canada. Each time more people voted to stay a part of Canada. The second vote was very close. The second vote was very close. 49.4% of people wanted to secede 49.4% of people wanted to secede 50.6% of people wanted to stay 50.6% of people wanted to stay But Canadian government has made it a point to give French Canadians equality. But Canadian government has made it a point to give French Canadians equality.

11. Quebec’s Independence Even though Quebec did not secede from Canada they have achieved equality with British Canada. Even though Quebec did not secede from Canada they have achieved equality with British Canada. They’ve kept their language and culture. They’ve kept their language and culture. French is one of the official languages of Canada. French is one of the official languages of Canada.

14. Activity Why do you think Quebec is still a part of Canada? Give me some reasons. Make 2 lists. Why do you think Quebec is still a part of Canada? Give me some reasons. Make 2 lists. List 1: Why should Quebec be its own country? (3 reasons) List 1: Why should Quebec be its own country? (3 reasons) List 2: Why should Quebec stay a part of Canada? (3 reasons) List 2: Why should Quebec stay a part of Canada? (3 reasons)

15. Discuss How would life be different if the state of Georgia gained independence from the United States and became its own country? How would life be different if the state of Georgia gained independence from the United States and became its own country? What reasons might Georgia have for wanting to leave? What reasons might Georgia have for wanting to leave? What would be the benefits of having our own country? What would be the benefits of having our own country?

16. Canadian History Skit Canadian Independence Characters: French Colonist, English Colonist, British Parliament, Queen/King Characters: French Colonist, English Colonist, British Parliament, Queen/King Skit must include: The Fur Trade, French and Indian War, Constitution Act, Sovereign (What is it and how did Canada get it?), and the British Commonwealth Skit must include: The Fur Trade, French and Indian War, Constitution Act, Sovereign (What is it and how did Canada get it?), and the British Commonwealth Quebec Independence Movement Characters: French Canadians, English Canadians Characters: French Canadians, English Canadians Skit must include: Quebec, WWI, Secession, Voting, Independence Movement, and why Canada has 2 official languages. Skit must include: Quebec, WWI, Secession, Voting, Independence Movement, and why Canada has 2 official languages. You can add anything else you want. Have fun; be creative!