1. Giving Credit Where Credit is Due: Avoiding Plagiarism in Academic Writing Marie Garrett(English Studies and Theatre Librarian) Allison Bolorizadeh(Journalism and Electronic Media Librarian) November 13, 2007

2. Keywords Associated With Plagiarism Cheating Academic dishonesty Copying and pasting Intellectual property theft

3. Academic Honesty Academic honesty involves: Clearly articulating our own ideas Giving credit to the sources of information we draw from Accurately documenting those sources Presenting research materials in a fair and truthful way

4. Plagiarism Defined The act of taking someone's ideas or words and presenting them as your own without giving credit. It is a form of intellectual property theft.

5. Using specific information from a particular source without referencing it Paraphrasing information without citing Using direct quotations without citing the author (Taken from the Office of Judicial Affairs Flier) What Does Taking Someone’s Ideas Entail?

6. What Does Giving Credit Entail? Putting others’ words in quotation marks Citing your source(s) Giving citations when using others’ ideas, even if those ideas are paraphrased in your own words, unless such information is recognized as common knowledge

7. Unintentional vs Intentional Plagiarism Internet plagiarism (“Cyberplagiarism”) Can take various forms: Downloading or ordering papers from the web/commercial papermills, which are often of poor quality, and “research” could be outdated etc. Copying and pasting pictorial representations or works of art, facts, statistics, graphs, or phrases from the web or an electronic database & submitting it as your own

8. Cyberplagiarism

9. Unintentional vs Intentional Plagiarism Copying and pasting either text or graphics Collaborating on a graded assignment without the instructor’s approval Turning in the same paper to two classes unless permission is granted by both instructors

10. Plagiarism?

11. Unintentional vs Intentional Plagiarism Summarizing/paraphrasing without proper documentation Submitting another student’s work previously graded in another course or the same course.

12. Why Talk About Plagiarism? Plagiarism violates the UT Standards of Conduct as stated on page 11 of the 2007-08 Hilltopics. http://web.utk.edu/~homepage/Hilltopics%202007-08.pdf http://web.utk.edu/~homepage/Hilltopics%202007-08.pdf Could result in failure of the course It devalues other people’s original work and takes an unfair advantage over other people’s efforts.

13. Plagiarism in the news: When people aren’t careful in crediting their sources: Ohio University Accuses Engineering Graduates of Plagiarism http://chronicle.com/news/article/652/plagiarism-scandal-at-ohio-u- claims-a-department-chairman http://chronicle.com/news/article/652/plagiarism-scandal-at-ohio-u- claims-a-department-chairman Kaavya Viswanathan's novel How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild, and Got a Life http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=512948 http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=512948 UVA dismisses 48 in cheating scandal http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/South/11/25/virginia.plagarism/in dex.html

14. Ways to Avoid Plagiarism Paraphrasing Summarizing Quoting

15. Use Paraphrasing to: “Clarify difficult material by using simpler language, Use another writer’s idea but not his or her exact words, Create a consistent tone … for your paper as a whole, or Interact with a point that your source has made. [Glenn, 542]

16. How to Paraphrase State the idea in your words. Use about the same number of words as the original source. Give a citation.

17. A source Zimmer, Carl. Soul Made Flesh: The Discovery of the Brain – And How it Changed the World. New York: Free, 2004. 7. The maps that neuroscientists make today are like the early charts of the New World with grotesque coastlines and blank interiors. And what little we do know about how the brain works raises disturbing questions about the nature of our selves. [Glenn, 543]

18. An Inadequate Paraphrase: The maps used by neuroscientists today resemble the rough maps of the New World. Because we know so little about how the brain works, we must ask questions about the nature of our selves (Zimmer 7). [Glenn, 543]

19. An Adequate Paraphrase: Carl Zimmer compares today’s maps of the brain to the rough maps made of the New World. He believes that the lack of knowledge about the workings of the brain makes us ask serious questions about our nature (7). [Glenn, 543]

20. Summarize to: “Convey ideas efficiently … by report[ing] a writer’s main idea and the most important [emphasis mine] support given for it” [Glenn, 544-45]

21. How to Summarize State the idea in your own words. Use fewer words than the original source. Cite the source.

22. Source Recent experience reveals that the biodiversity of nature may be beneficial to disease resistance and crop productivity, an idea that runs counter to current agricultural practice of creating superstrains of various crops. In China, for example, rice yields more than doubled and the requirements for antifungal applications declined after the introduction of a second strain of rice in fields (Doe, 2000, 221).

23. Summary In his science news column, Doe reports that farmers in China have doubled their yields and reduced the occurrence of disease by planting two strains of rice together, a fact now calling into question the common use of superstrain planting (221). [Harris, 166-67]

24. Use Quotations When: “You want to retain the beauty or clarity of someone’s words, You need to reveal how the reasoning in a specific passage is flawed or insightful. or You plan to discuss the implications of the quoted material.” [Glenn, 541]

25. How to Quote Use the exact wording and punctuation of the original source. Enclose the passage in quotation marks. Cite the source.

26. A Quotation According to Jerome Groopman, professor of medicine at Harvard University, “Pediatricians sometimes adopt extraordinary measures to insure that their patients are not harmed by treatments that have not been adequately studied in children” (33). [Glenn, 540]

27. For citing sources, use: APA (American Psychological Association) MLA (Modern Language Association) Or the style specified by your instructor

28. Tips on Writing Honest Papers

29. Bibliography Glenn, Cheryl and Loretta Gray. Hodges’ Harbrace Handbook. 16 th ed. Boston: Thomson, Wadsworth, 2007. Harris Robert A. The plagiarism Handbook: Strategies for Preventing, Detecting and dealing with Plagiarism. Los Angeles: Pyrczak. 2001.

30. Contact us Marie Garrett (English Studies and Theatre Librarian) mgarrett@utk.edu Allison Bolorizadeh (Journalism and Electronic Media Librarian) asharp9@utk.edu