1. Ruby Gomez (Presenter) Gaines Gibson

2.  Daedalus Astronautics at ASU  Project Purpose  Chemical Properties  Mixing Procedures  Testing Equipment  Testing Results and Analysis

3.  Student Organization at Arizona State University  Extensive Propulsion Experience  Community involvement

4.  To develop a heavily aluminized solid rocket propellant  To characterize the new propellant  “Characterize” in using rocket design equations, simulation, and empirical testing on the new solid propellant  To test propellant on conventional (delavel) and multi-grid nozzle funded project

5. LIQUIDS  HTPB (Hydroxyl-terminated- polybutadiene) similar color to wax paper, highly viscous, and a binder (to bind the fuel (aluminum) and oxidizer (ammonium perchlorate))  DOA (Dioctyl Adipate) - light colored oil used as plasticizer (to reduce viscosity of propellant)

6. LIQUIDS  Castor oil – very pale yellow liquid used to harden the grains, to prevent fractures and increase the density  Tepanol – is a very sticky substance used as a bonding agent to strengthen the bond between the binder (HTPB) and oxidizer (ammonium perchlorate)  Isonate 143L – is the curative which starts the processing of hardening the solid propellant Curing Agent

7. FUEL  Aluminum – used as a fuel in powder form 325 mesh OXIDIZER  Ammonium Perchlorate – is the oxidizer

8. SOLIDS  Carbon black – a dyeing agent, prevents the grains from breaking down due to the ultraviolet light released during combustion  Ferric (Iron III) oxide - creates thermite reaction, serves as a catalyst to the combustion reaction

9. SOLIDS  Strontium chromate – very powerful oxidizer  Copper II oxide- creates thermite reaction, serves as a catalyst to the combustion reaction

10.  Liquids – HTPB, DOA, CO, TP  Fuel – aluminum  Vacuum  Solids – CB, FO, SC, C3O  Oxidizer – ammonium perchlorate  Curing Agent – Isonate 143L  Cast  Heat Treatment Custom made Vacuum plate Custom made Heat Box Kitchen Aid mixture

11. OrderMaterial Purpose / Component Percentage Calculated Weight (lb) 1HTPBBinder8.50.64425 2AluminumFuel191.425 3DOAPlasticizer20.15 4HX-752Bonding Agent0.30.0225 5TepanolBonding Agent0.50.0375 6 Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) Oxidizer695.175 7IPDICurative0.590.04425 N/ATPBN/A0.02-

12. Original CrazyPants3 Formulation CrazyPants3 Modification 1 CrazyPants3 Modification 2 ChemicalPercentage Ammonium Perchlorate (200 micron) 73.872.370.96 HTPB14.213.913.65 Aluminum (325 mesh)579 Dioctyl Adipate3.553.483.41 Isonate 143L1.841.801.77 Iron Oxide0.550.540.529 Strontium Chromate0.300.290.288 Carbon Black0.200.1960.192 Tepanol0.200.1960.192 Castor Oil0.200.1960.192 Copper Oxide0.150.1470.144 Silicon Oil0.010.009

13.  Tepanol and Ammonium production  Texture of Heavily Aluminize Propellant  Hardening Custom built casting rack Casted grain

15.  Data Acquisition (DAQ) model 718B – records pressure and thrust data  Test Stand – custom built test stand

16.  Test one failure analysis — Root cause analysis found failure due to nozzle throat area — Extremely aggressive propellant burn  Summary — Original CP-3 Propellant — Result: Catastrophic over- pressurization

17.  Test two failure analysis — Root cause was extremely fast regression rate — Exact same hoop stress failure as first test  Summary — 7% CP-3 Propellant — Result: Catastrophic over- pressurization — 60 lb thrust at operating pressure

18. Matt Summers