3.  100 Years War and Black Death  Scientific Advances which “contradicted” the Church  The Corruption within the Catholic Church

4.  Prior to the Reformation all Christians were Roman Catholic  The [REFORM]ation was an attempt to REFORM the Catholic Church  People like Martin Luther wanted to get rid of the corruption and restore the people’s faith in the church

5.  Luther did not want to split from the Catholic Church, he wanted to reform it (make it pure)  In the end the reformers, like Luther, established their own denominations

7.  Martin Luther  John Calvin  Henry VIII

8.  Lived from 1483-1546 in Germany  Father encouraged him to study law  A sudden religious experience inspired him to become a monk

9.  He became troubled over the possibility of not going to heaven  He turned to the Bible, and confession for comfort  In the Bible he found the answer he was looking for

10. “The righteous shall live by his faith.” Luther realized that only faith (in the ultimate goodness of Jesus), not good deeds, could save a person. No good works, rituals, etc. would save a person if they did not believe.

11.  A list of things he thought were wrong with the Catholic Church (95 Complaints) A list of things he thought were wrong with the Catholic Church (95 Complaints)  He criticized:  The Power of the Pope  The Extreme Wealth of the Church  Indulgences (Catholic concept of Salvation)

12.  Gutenberg’s Printing Press made it possible for Luther to spread his beliefs  Posted his 95 Theses on Church doors in Germany  Gained support from people and criticism from Church

13. The first thing printed on Gutenberg’s press was the Bible. This is a picture of a page from one of Gutenberg’s Bibles.

14.  The Diet of Worms  1520 Pope Leo X order Luther to give up his beliefs  Luther burned the order and was excommunicated  Luther went into hiding where he translated the New Testament into German – spreading his beliefs even further

15.  He was the Pope during the height of the corruption

17. “Unless I am proved wrong by scripture or by evident reason, then I am a prisoner in conscience to the word of God. I cannot retract and I will not retract. To go against the conscience is neither safe nor right. God help me. Amen.” Martin Luther

18. “Here lies the body of Martin Luther, Doctor of Sacred Theology, who died in his hometown Eisleben in the year of our Lord 1546 on the 18th day of February after having lived for 63 years, 2 months and 10 days.”

19.  Some Local German Churches accepted Luther’s ideas  Lutheranism was formed  Supported by German Princes who issued a formal “protest” against the Church for suppressing the reforms  The reformers came to be known as [PROTEST]ants - Protestants

20. “May little chickens dig out your eyes 100,000 times.” - Calvin speaking to another reformer whose ideas he disagreed with

21.  Anti-Catholic  Influenced by Martin Luther  Agreed with Luther’s “Salvation through faith alone.”  Created his own Protestant religion in Switzerland

22.  Calvin believed in:  Salvation through Predestination  Foreknowledge  God knows everything that will happen in your life

23.  Started in Switzerland – Calvinists  England = Puritans  Scotland = Presbyterians  Holland = Dutch Reform  France = Huguenots  Germany = Reform Church

24. Puritan Hugeunots Presbyterian