1. Sample: The Influence of the Etruscans on Early Rome. Please study the map and make sure you can identify areas of Etruscan influence

2. Rome’s origins - archaeology 1200 BC – round huts in small settlements on Palatine Boggy forum for burials Palatinus (palace) = central hill/Romulus’ Rome? Palatine & Esquiline make single village. Date 753 BC

3. Seven Hills of Rome Palatine – centre of power Capitoline – fortified stronghold of Rome. Later religious centre Quirinal – Romulus’ as god Viminal Esquiline – next inhabited Caelian Aventine – of the Plebeians

4. Who were the Etruscans? Lydians forced to move by famine: Herodotus, died circa 420 BC. An ancient indigenous people: Dionysius of Halicarnassus Germans from Danube: Livy Krater with lid, 725 – 700 BC

5. Etruscan names First names first! Then, patronymics Cognomens, but women had individual first names Matronymics used –Culni, Ati, Ramtha

6. Etruscan Kings Wore Purple robes Carried eagle-headed sceptre Folding ivory ‘throne’ The Fasces (bundle):- From kings to consuls & lictors An axe surrounded by bundles of reeds

7. Etruscan Officials Fasces –rods, axes & red ribbon Lictors – bully boys and body-guards Originally 12 ‘ curule’ …state chair Patres (Fathers)

8. Etruscan Religion The word of the gods, disciplina Etrusca Haruspicini = haruspex, examining the liver (Babylonian) Fulgurales = lightening Augurs = omens & portents

10. Piacenza liver

11. Tomb of the Baron, Tarquinia

12. Cubiculum – the bedroom