1. Standardized Units Pages 101-112
2-B
Section 2B
Standardized Units
Pages

2. Standardized Unit Systems
2-B
Standardized Unit Systems
Metric system (SI)
Système International
U.S. customary system (USCS)
Roots from ancient Middle Eastern civilizations
Egyptians, Sumerians, Babylonian's, Hebrews.
“inch” from Latin uncia = “thumb-width” -- most adult feet are 12 thumb-widths (Romans!)
“mile” from Latin milia passum = “one thousand paces”
King Henry I ( ) first to standardize the “yard”. Today –by law 1 inch is defined to be exactly 2.54 cm.
Unit conversions within systems.
Unit conversions between systems.

3. U.S. Customary System - Lengths
2-B
U.S. Customary System - Lengths
page101
Table in text – page Also on web, and given as handout.

4. U.S. Customary System - Weights
2-B
U.S. Customary System - Weights
page102
Table in text – page 102

5. U.S. Customary System - Volumes
2-B
U.S. Customary System - Volumes
page102
Table in text – page Also on web, and given as handout.

6. Conversions within USCS
2-B
Conversions within USCS
Ex1/103 In the Kentucky Derby, horses race 10 furlongs. How many miles is this?

7. Conversions within USCS
2-B
Conversions within USCS
Ex1/103 In 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, does the title refer to an ocean depth?
[convert marine leagues to miles]

8. Conversions within USCS
51’/114 If 150 bushels of wheat are traded on one day, how many cubic inches are traded? how many cubic feet?

9. International Metric System
2-B
International Metric System
Invented in France, late 18th century
Replace many customary units with a few basic units
Simplify conversions by using a base 10 system

10. International Metric System
2-B
International Metric System
The basic units are:
meter (m) for length
gram (g) for mass
second (s) for time
liter (L) for volume

11. Metric System - Prefixes
2-B
Metric System - Prefixes
Table in text – page Also on web, and given as handout.
5.23 m
523 cm km

12. Conversions within Metric System
2-B
Conversions within Metric System
Convert 19 decimeters to millimeters:
conversion or decimal movement:
1900 millimeters
Convert 1378 g to kg:
1.378 kg

13. USCS - Metric Conversions
2-B
USCS - Metric  Conversions
USCS to Metric
Metric to USCS
1 in. = cm
1 cm = in.
1 ft = m
 1 m = 3.28 ft
1 yd = m
1 m = yd
1 mi = km
1 km = mi
1 lb = kg
1 kg = lb
1 fl oz = mL
1 mL = fl oz
1 qt = L
1 L = qt
1 gal = L
1 L = gal
Table in text – page Also on web, and given as handout.

14. Conversions between Metric and USCS
60*/114 Convert 1550 millimeters to yards.
63/114 Convert 45 liters to gallons.
65/114 Convert 8550 square feet to square meters.
67/114 Convert 10 kilograms per cubic meter to pounds per cubic foot.

15. More Practice
103/117 You see oranges in an Italian market priced at 0.8 euro per kilogram. What is the price in dollars per pound?
105/117 A French car manufacturer claims that its newest economy model has gas “mileage” of 20 kilometers per liter. What is the gas mileage in miles per gallon?

16. 2-B
Homework
2B – Part I
Pages
#48,50,60,62,68,104,106

17. Temperature Units Fahrenheit (US) Celsius (International)
2-B
Temperature Units
Fahrenheit (US)
Water freezes at 32ºF, boils at 212ºF
Celsius (International)
Water freezes at 0ºC, boils at 100ºC
Kelvin (Scientific)
Water freezes at K, boils at K
Coldest known temperature = 0 Kelvin
( ºF = ºC)

18. Converting Temperatures (page107)
2-B
Converting Temperatures (page107)
To Convert from
Conversion Formula
Celsius to Fahrenheit  
F = 1.8C + 32
Fahrenheit to Celsius
C = (F-32)/1.8
Celsius to Kelvin
K = C
Kelvin to Celsius
C = K

19. 2-B
Example
Ex6/108 A ‘normal’ human temperature is 98.6ºF What is that in Celsius and Kelvin?
98.6o F = 37o C = o K

20. Energy and Power
2-B
Energy is what makes matter move or heat up. The international unit of energy is the joule.
Power is the rate at which energy is used. The international metric unit of power is the watt, defined as
A kilowatt-hour is a unit of energy and
1 kWh = joules = 3.6 million joules
1 kw x 1hr = 1000j/s x 60s/m x 60m/hr x 1 hr

21. 2-B
93/116 Your refrigerator uses an average power of 350 watts, and your utility company charges 10 cents per kilowatt-hour of energy. How much does it cost to run your refrigerator for a year?
Conversion: 350 watts is .350 kilowatts (why?) Usage per year in kilowatt-hours:
.350 kilowatts x 24 hours/ 1 day x 365 days/1 year
= 3066 kilowatt-hours / year Cost per year: kilowatt-hours / year x .10 $ / 1 kilowatt-hour
= $ per year

22. Units of Density/Concentration
2-B
Units of Density/Concentration
Density (e.g. material, population) – describes compactness or crowding.
material: mass/volume (g/cm3)
Population: people/mi2
Concentration (e.g. pollutants, BAC) describes the amount of one substance mixed with another.
pollutants: ppm
BAC: g/100mL (legal limit is 0.08g/100mL)
Material density = mass per unit volume i.e. grams per cubic centimeter.
Density of water is 1g/cc. Less dense objects float in water, objects with a higher density will sink.
Population density = number of people per unit area

23. 2-B
Example
Ex9/111-2 Manhattan Island has a population of ≈ 1.5 million people living in an area of about 57 km2. What is its population density? How much space is available per person?
1,500,000/57 = – need to mention the rounding here.

24. Example (for fun) Ex9/111-2(cont.) How much space is that per person?
2-B
Example (for fun)
Ex9/111-2(cont.) How much space is that per person?
Which is roughly 6m×6m, or 20 ft × 20 ft
Recall 1m = 3.28 ft. 6x3.28 = 19.68

25. 2-B
Example
Ex10/112 An average-sized man has about 5L of blood, and an average 12-ounce beer contains 15g of alcohol. If all the alcohol were immediately absorbed into the bloodstream, what would his BAC be?
Legal limit is 0.08g/100mL – this is almost 4 times the legal limit!
In reality, the man’s blood alcohol content won’t get this high from a single beer because it take some time for the alcohol to be absorbed and because it is gradually eliminated from the system. (It is eliminated at a rate of about 10-15g/hour).

26. More Practice
79/114 The land area of the US is about 3.5 million square miles, and the population is about 280 million people. What is the average population density?
83/114 A typical glass of wine contains about 20 grams of alcohol. Consider a 110-pound woman, with approximately 4 liters of blood who drinks two glasses of wine. Assuming immediate absorption, what is her BAC?

27. 2-B
Homework
2B – Part II
Pages
#70, #72, #80, #84, #94