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The Current State of R-22 and the Future with New Generation Refrigerants.

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Presentation on theme: "The Current State of R-22 and the Future with New Generation Refrigerants."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Current State of R-22 and the Future with New Generation Refrigerants

2 Freon® The DuPont™ Invented, Workhorse Refrigerant of the last 50 years.

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4 A Low Cost Supply of R-22 Refrigerant Management Plan Recovered R-22 Use recovered R-22 to service other equipment Return to Wholesaler refrigerant reclaim center to get value ($) for R-22 Reclaim Replace Retrofit Recycle System 1 R-22 System 2 System 3 System 4 System 5 System 6 System 7 System 1 MO99™ New System R-410A

5 R-22 Replacement Refrigerants Mineral Oil Compatible Full change to POE lubricant required Air Conditioning Refrigeration R-438A R-407C R-438AR-407AR-422D

6 Comparing R-22 “No Oil Change” Products for Air Conditioning Applications ISCEON® MO99™ (R-438A) R-422DR-422BR-421A 1 Capacity (%)-7-8-12 COP (%)-2-4-3-5 Components R-32/125/134a/600/601a 8.5/45/44.2/1.7/0.6 R-125/134a/600a 65.1/31.5/3.4 R-125/134a/600a 55/42/3 R-125/134a 58/42 Disch P (psi)+5+12-5-7 Disch T (F)-30-39-37-36 Temp Glide (F)+7+5+6 Mass Flow (%)+12+32+20+21 Performance relative to R-22; (+) is increase, (-) is decrease Calorimeter Data at AHRI Standard 540 Air Conditioning Conditions; Performance relative to R-22 45 F Avg Evap Temp / 115 F Avg Cond Temp / 65 F Return Gas Temp / 15 F Subcool from Avg Cond Temp 1 POE Oil Change typically recommended for ‘HFC Only’ Blends

7 R-22 to ISCEON® MO99™ (R-438A) Retrofit Procedure* 1.Review retrofit guidelines 2.Obtain Baseline Data on R-22 3.Recover R-22 4.Change filter driers 5.Change critical elastomeric seals 6.Evacuate system & leak check 7.Charge with MO99™ ; Start-up and monitor 8.Leak Check, Label system, and optimize set-points if needed *ISCEON® MO99™ Retrofit Guidelines and ISCEON® MO99™ Retrofit Video – www.isceon.com

8 Summary of Oil Management Considerations MO99™ excels in most Residential A/C, Commercial A/C, and Refrigeration These considerations are true for ANY “No Oil Change” product Use of any 400-series retrofit blend is not recommended in systems with flooded evaporators SystemGuidance More complex systems with potential for challenging oil return Long pipe runs and/or poor line velocity design Liquid receivers but no oil separator present ~20% POE addition Trane™ 3-D™ Scroll / Danfoss Scroll Replace Oil in Compressor Sump with POE Screw compressors Detailed system evaluation recommended

9 OPTEON® A new generation of low-GWP refrigerants.

10 Why Do We Need New Refrigerants? Worldwide focus on Global Warming (Climate Change)

11 ApplicationUseGWP LimitYearLimitation RefrigerationNew25002020All New1502022Centralized >40kW New15002022Centralized >40kW Primary of cascade Service25002020> 40mtCO2 eq (10.2 kg 404A) EU F-Gas II – drivers for low GWP Pre-charge impact Cap reduction impact GWP 404A3922 407A2107 407F1739 134a1430 XP401397 GWP Limits – 404A banned HFC Cap/Reduction 1 1 2 2 DuPont Confidential

12 http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/regulations.html Effective Date RefrigerantProposed Unacceptable for:Applications 2021 Model Year R134aMobile AC 1/1/16R404A/R507A Supermarket (Direct/Indirect) Condensing Units Stand Alone Systems Vending Machines New and Retrofit 1/1/16 HFC-227ea, R407B, R421B, R422A, R422C, R422D, R428A, R434A Supermarket (Direct/Indirect) New and Retrofit 1/1/16 R134a and others* Stand Alone Systems Vending Machines New Systems Summary of EPA Proposed Changes to SNAP *R407A, R407C, R407F etc.No proposed limitations on service of existing HFC systems

13 Creating the Future of Refrigerants HFOs provide a safe, sustainable, cost effective transition Capital Costs + Operation Costs ______________ Total Cost of Ownership Efficiency + Capacity _____________ Performance √  Zero ODP  Low GWP  No or low flammability

14 HFO-1234yf (CF 3 CF=CH2) Very Similar to HFC-134a but with very low GWP  Same operating conditions as 134a (similar P/T curve)  Thermally stable under extreme use conditions  Capacity and efficiency similar to R-134a  Mildly flammability (A2L) Vapor Pressure Pressure, MPa Temperature, o C R-134aHFO-1234yf FormulaCH 2 FCF 3 CF 3 CF=CH 2 Molecular Weight102114 ODP00 GWP 100 (AR5) 13001 T Critical Point102 ºC95ºC Boiling Point-26ºC-29ºC DuPont Confidential

15 How HFOs Work HFC Hydro fluorocarbon HFC Hydro fluorocarbon HFO Hydro fluoro olefin HFO Hydro fluoro olefin Weaker double bond in HFOs allows for quicker breakdown in the atmosphere, yet stable in systems Weaker double bond in HFOs allows for quicker breakdown in the atmosphere, yet stable in systems

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17 Mobile Air Conditioning Commercialized in 2011  New Car Models  Market Drivers  GWP Regulation in EU, US and Japan  Performance Benefits  Direct 134a replacement  Lower cost per vehicle vs. not-in-kind solutions

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19 DuPont Opteon® Refrigerants NonflammableMildly Flammable CurrentGWPNameGWPNameGWP HFC-134a1430XP10631YF4 DR-14389 HFC-404A3902XP401397DR-7246 XP442140 HFC-410A2088DR-5A460 HCFC-221810DR-91988DR-3148 HCFC-12377DR-29 HFO based candidates AR4 GWP Values

20 Opteon® XP10 R-513A Replacement for 134a  Azeotropic refrigerant  Excellent capacity and efficiency match for 134a  Compatible with existing equipment design/lubricants  Reduction in GWP of 56%  GWP of 631 falls well below EU 1500/1000 lines  Azeotropic refrigerant  Excellent capacity and efficiency match for 134a  Compatible with existing equipment design/lubricants  Reduction in GWP of 56%  GWP of 631 falls well below EU 1500/1000 lines

21 XP10 Properties R-134aXP10 Chemical FormulaCF 3 CH 2 FAzeotrope 100 yr GWP (AR4)1430631 Toxicity/FlammabilityA1 Boiling Point °C (°F)-26 (-15)-29 (-20) Critical Point °C (°F)101 (214)98 (208) Temperature Glide °C (F)0Negligible (Azeotrope) DuPont Confidential

22 XP10 Calorimeter Testing -- Recip Compressor  2% better energy efficiency  5% higher capacity

23 XP10 Evaluation in Supermarket - Hybrid System - Retrofitted from R-134a Medium Temp; CO 2 in Low Temp - Running for four years DuPont Confidential

24 Annual Energy Use and TEWI Comparison TEWI reduced by 48% vs R-404A system DuPont Confidential

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26 Opteon® XP44 R-452A Replacement for 404A/507  Matches discharge temperature of 404A/507  Critical for transport applications  Matches mass flow rate of 404A/507  No TXV adjustments necessary  Compatible with existing equipment design/lubricants  A1 non-flammable  Reduction in GWP of 44%  GWP of 2140  Matches discharge temperature of 404A/507  Critical for transport applications  Matches mass flow rate of 404A/507  No TXV adjustments necessary  Compatible with existing equipment design/lubricants  A1 non-flammable  Reduction in GWP of 44%  GWP of 2140

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28 Opteon® XP40 R-449A Replacement for 404A/507  8-12% more energy efficient than 404A/507  Superior efficiency to CO2  Capacity equivalent to 404A/507  Compatible with existing equipment design/lubricants  A1 non-flammable  TXV adjustment needed similar to 407 series retrofit  Reduction in GWP of 67%  GWP of 1397 falls below EU 1500 line  8-12% more energy efficient than 404A/507  Superior efficiency to CO2  Capacity equivalent to 404A/507  Compatible with existing equipment design/lubricants  A1 non-flammable  TXV adjustment needed similar to 407 series retrofit  Reduction in GWP of 67%  GWP of 1397 falls below EU 1500 line

29 XP40 Properties R-404AXP40 100 yr GWP39221397 FlammabilityNone Boiling Point °C (ºF)-47 (-53)-46 (-51) Critical Point °C (ºF)72 (162)82 (180) Vapor Pressure at 25°C in kPa (Psia) 1254 (182)1274 (185) Liquid Density at 25°C in kg/m3 (lb/ft 3 ) 1044 (65.2)1096 (68.4) Vapor Density at 25°C in kg/m3 (lb/ft 3 ) 65.3 (4.08)49.2 (3.07) DuPont Confidential

30 System Testing – Display Case with External Condensing Unit  2.5 m (8.0 ft) open food display case designed for R-404A, fully loaded with food simulator  Reciprocating compressor with POE 32 oil  Refrigerant charge size ~3.8 kg (8.4 lb), adjusted based on liquid density  Tested per ASHRAE Standard 72-2005  Tested at two ambient temps: 28ºC (82ºF) and 35ºC (95ºF) in outdoor room, 24ºC (75ºF) in indoor room  Only minor TXV adjustment made (1.6 turns closed)  Tested at low and medium temp conditions Open Display Case in Indoor Room Condensing Unit in Outdoor Room DuPont Confidential

31 Condensing Unit/Display Case Low Temp Results Energy Cons Rel to R404A Mass Flow Rate kg/hr (lb/hr) Suct Press kPa (Psia) Disch Press kPa (Psia) Comp Ratio Avg Food Temp ºC (ºF) Comp Disch Temp ºC (ºF) Ambient T = 28ºC (82ºF) R-404A100%32 (71)112 (16)1438 (209)13-17 (1.4)78 (172) XP4097%26 (57)104 (15)1407 (204)14-17 (1.4)83 (181) Ambient T = 35ºC (95ºF) R-404A100%33 (73)127 (18)1722 (250)14-16 (3.2)87 (189) XP4096%26 (57)115 (17)1685 (244)15-15 (5.0)92 (198)  ~3% lower energy consumption  Similar pressures and compression ratio  Modest increase in discharge T and slightly lower mass flow rate DuPont Confidential

32 Condensing Unit/Display Case Med Temp Results Energy Cons Rel to R404A Mass Flow Rate kg/hr (lb/hr) Suct Press kPa (Psia) Disch Press kPa (Psia) Comp Ratio Avg Food Temp ºC (ºF) Comp Disch Temp ºC (ºF) Ambient T = 28ºC (82ºF) R-404A100%38 (83)262 (38)1544 (224)5.92.2 (36)72 (161) XP4092%32 (71)262 (38)1496 (217)5.72.2 (36)75 (167) Ambient T = 35ºC (95ºF) R-404A100%41 (91)248 (36)1827 (265)7.42.2 (36)82 (180) XP4088%34 (74)283 (41)1792 (260)6.32.8 (37)84 (183)  8-12% lower energy consumption  Similar pressures and compression ratio  Less increase in discharge T and slightly lower mass flow rate DuPont Confidential

33 California Supermarket Conversion from 404A to Opteon® XP40 October 2014

34 DuPont Confidential Operational Data

35 DuPont Confidential Energy Data Daily Energy Usage and Average Temperature

36 DuPont Confidential Comparison Energy Data

37 DuPont Confidential California Retrofit Summary  Energy benefit of 9% from mid-Oct to year end  Potential for further benefit at higher ambient temps  No changes to equipment, piping, lubricant or seals/gaskets  Adjust TXVs for optimized performance  Meets cooling demand  Stable operation  Energy benefit of 9% from mid-Oct to year end  Potential for further benefit at higher ambient temps  No changes to equipment, piping, lubricant or seals/gaskets  Adjust TXVs for optimized performance  Meets cooling demand  Stable operation

38 DuPont Confidential 404A/507 Replacement Options Summary 404A/507XP40407A407FCO2 GWP < 1500 39021397210718251 Energy Efficiency Base+8-12%== =/-* Capacity Base===NEW EQ TXV Adjustment BaseYes NEW EQ Oil POE NEW EQ * Poor at higher ambient conditions

39 Opteon® XP40 R-449A Replacement for R-22  Eliminates a retrofit to 407 series refrigerants  Capacity equivalent to 404A/507  Minimal TXV adjustment  Reduction in GWP of 22%  GWP of 1397 falls below EU 1500 line  Eliminates a retrofit to 407 series refrigerants  Capacity equivalent to 404A/507  Minimal TXV adjustment  Reduction in GWP of 22%  GWP of 1397 falls below EU 1500 line

40 DuPont Confidential R-22 Replacement Options Summary R-22XP40407A407F GWP < 1500 1810139721071825 Eliminates a retrofit ($)? BaseYesNo Energy Efficiency Base=== Capacity Base=== TXV Adjustment BaseNo Oil MOPOE

41 Projected Timeline 2015 Emerson approval of XP10 and XP40 US Commercialization of XP10, XP44 and XP40 Mar/Apr Jul/Aug


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