1. The Crusades and the Wider World
Section 8-3 pp

2. Preview Questions
What advanced civilizations flourished around the world in 1050?
What were the causes and effects of the Crusades?
How did Christians in Spain carry out the Reconquista?

3. The World in 1050 The world outside of Europe is thriving
The Seljuk Turks begin their invasion of the Byzantine Empire, capturing it in 1071
Holy Land under Muslim control
Muslims attack Christian pilgrims

4. The Crusades
Pope Urban II issues a call for Christians to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control
Motives:
Religious zeal
Wealth and land
Adventure

5. The Crusades Victories and Defeats: First Crusade (1099)
Christians capture Jerusalem and massacre Muslims and Jews
Crusaders divide land into 4 small states
Second Crusade (1187)
Muslims recapture Jerusalem

6. The Crusades Victory and Defeat Third Crusade Fourth Crusade
Muslims, led by Saladin, retain control of Jerusalem
Jerusalem was open to Christians
Fourth Crusade
Christians fight Byzantine merchants
Traders capture and loot Constantinople in 1204

7. Effects of Crusades on Europe
Economic Expansion
New goods introduced to Europe
Increased trade with Middle East
Strengthening of the money economy
Increased Power for Monarchs
Rulers have increased power to collect taxes for Crusades
Some rulers fight in Crusades, increasing their prestige
King Richard I of England, who led the Third Crusade

8. Effects of the Crusades on Europe
The Church
Papacy reaches all-time height of power
No reconciliation between Eastern and Western Churches
A Wider Worldview
Europeans curious about new lands
Marco Polo travels to China
New desire for exploration
Map of Marco Polo’s Journey

9. The Reconquista in Spain
Reconquista: Spanish attempt to drive Muslims from Spain.
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella Leading Reconquistadors

10. The Reconquista in Spain
Ferdinand and Isabella
Determined to bring political and religious unity to Spain
End religious toleration
Use Inquisition to launch crusade against Muslims and Jews
Christian Reconquistadors Fight Muslims in Spain.