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Improving Your Spelling
Why is good spelling important? Good spelling habits ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede Prefixes Suffixes Plurals of nouns Review A Review B
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Why is good spelling important?
Misspelled words will distract your reader and keep you from communicating clearly. Poor spelling also sends the wrong message—about you. She must be pretty sloppy. This is so hard to read!
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Good spelling habits Most of us are not “natural” spellers. But we can all improve if we pronounce words carefully use a dictionary spell words by syllables proofread for careless errors keep a spelling notebook
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Good spelling habits Pronounce words carefully
How do you pronounce athlete? If you say athelete instead of athlete, you might spell the word incorrectly. Practice saying a word. Study it. Write it from memory.
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Good spelling habits Use a dictionary Don’t guess.
Even good spellers have to look up words. Spell words by syllables A syllable is a word part that is pronounced as one uninterrupted sound. ear/ly early prob/a/bly probably When you’re learning to pronounce and spell a new word, it’s easier to break it up into syllables.
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Good spelling habits Proofread for careless errors
Read your work. Dot your i’s. Cross your t’s. Is that a g or a q? Should that word be its or it’s? REMEMBER: Spellcheckers can help, but they cannot point out words that sound alike but are spelled differently (such as its and it’s).
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Good spelling habits Keep a spelling notebook ′ ′ Correct Spelling
Syllables and Accents Trouble Spots Comments ′ Silent w answer answer answer ′ casually casually casually casual + ly Never enter a misspelled word. Use a dictionary! Which letters give you problems? Anything that will help you remember [End of Section]
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ie and ei Write ie when the sound is a long e. achieve chief niece
believe yield relief When the long e comes after c, write ei. ceiling receive perceive
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ie and ei Write ei when the sound is not a long e. height weigh heir
foreign veil counterfeit Exceptions kerchief friend leisure mischief seize either [End of Section]
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Grammar Guy Says... ie and ei
This rhyme will help you decide between ie and ei. Grammar Guy Says... I before e except after c or when sounded like a as in neighbor and weigh. Remember: Use this rhyme only when i and e are in the same syllable.
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–cede, –ceed, and –sede Only one English word ends in –sede.
supersede Only three words end in –ceed. exceed proceed succeed Most other words with this sound end with –cede. precede intercede concede secede recede accede
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ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede
Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 1. recieve receive 2. succeed succede 3. nieghbor neighbor 4. friend freind 5. conceed concede
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ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede
Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 1. recieve receive receive The sound is a long e, and the letters follow c. Write ei.
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ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede
Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 2. succeed succeed succede Succeed is one of only three words spelled with –ceed. The other two are proceed and exceed.
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ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede
Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 3. nieghbor neighbor neighbor The sound is not long e. Write ei.
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ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede
Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 4. friend friend freind Friend is an exception to the rule. Most words that do not have a long e sound are written with ei.
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ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede
Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 5. conceed concede concede Like most English words with this sound, concede ends with –cede.
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ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede
On Your Own Correct any misspelled word in these sentences. If all the words are spelled correctly, write C. Be careful whenever you lift wieghts. My cousin Clyde plans to become a priest. The color guard preceeded the marching band in the parade. The new fire cheif will be Holly Whitehead. Niether of the boys could acheive his goals. [End of Section]
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C ie and ei –cede, –ceed, and –sede
Answers Correct any misspelled word in these sentences. If all the words are spelled correctly, write C. 1. Be careful whenever you lift weights. 2. My cousin Clyde plans to become a priest. 3. The color guard preceded the marching band in the parade. 4. The new fire chief will be Holly Whitehead. 5. Neither of the boys could achieve his goals. C
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Prefixes A prefix is a word part that is added before a base word or root. When you add a prefix to a word, don’t change the spelling of the original word. + = dis honest dishonest + = un selfish unselfish + = pre view preview [End of Section]
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Grammar Guy Says... Prefixes
Notice that the spelling of the original word doesn’t change even when the original word begins with the same letter that ends the prefix. Grammar Guy Says... dissatisfied illegal overrate
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Suffixes A suffix is a word part that is added after a base word or root. + = dark ness darkness + = pay ment payment + = hope ful hopeful + = sleep ing sleeping
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Suffixes When you add the suffix –ly or –ness, do not change the spelling of the original word. suddenly suddenness For most words ending in y, change y to i before adding –ly or –ness. Exception lazy lazily laziness heavy heavily heaviness
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Suffixes Drop a final silent e when you add a suffix that begins with a vowel. adore adoring adorable write written writing Keep a final silent e when you add a suffix that begins with a consonant. placement careful lovely
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Grammar Guy Says... + = + = + = + = + = Suffixes
Here are some exceptions to the rules for adding suffixes to words that end in silent e. Grammar Guy Says... true ly + truly = awe ful + awful = argue ment + argument = trace able + traceable = dye ing + dyeing =
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Suffixes When you add a suffix to a word that ends in y:
Change the y to i if there’s a consonant right before the y, unless the suffix begins with i. lonely loneliest carry carrying If there’s a vowel right before the y, just add the suffix. enjoy enjoyment
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Grammar Guy Says... + = + = + = + = Suffixes
Here are some exceptions to the rules for adding suffixes to words that end in y. Grammar Guy Says... dry ness + dryness = day ly + daily = say ed + said = pay ed + paid =
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Suffixes Double the final consonant before adding –ing, –ed, –er, or –est if the word has only one syllable and ends with a single consonant preceded by a single vowel + = beg ing begging + = clap ed clapped
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Suffixes Do NOT double the final consonant before adding –ing, –ed, –er, or –est if the final consonant does not have a single vowel right before it. + = reap ed reaped + = cold er colder
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Prefixes and suffixes Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 1. mispent misspent 2. awfuly awfully 3. suspenseful suspensful 4. hurried hurryed 5. swimer swimmer
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Prefixes and suffixes Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 1. mispent misspent misspent When adding a prefix, do not change the spelling of the original word.
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Prefixes and suffixes Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 2. awfuly awfully awfully When adding the suffix –ly, do not change the spelling of the original word.
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Prefixes and suffixes Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 3. suspenseful suspenseful suspensful Keep the final silent e when adding a suffix that begins with a consonant.
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Prefixes and suffixes Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 4. hurried hurried hurryed If a word ends in y preceded by a consonant, change the y to i unless the suffix begins with i.
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Prefixes and suffixes Choose the correct spelling in each pair of words below. Be prepared to explain your answer. 5. swimer swimmer swimmer Double the final consonant before adding –er if the word has one syllable and the consonant has a single vowel right before it.
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Prefixes and suffixes On Your Own Provide the correct spelling of the word and the prefix or suffix in parentheses. The judge will ______________ the lawyer’s objection. (over + rule) Juno was the ___________ dog on the search-and-rescue team. (brave + est) The children were ___________ their new swing set. (enjoy + ing) Marta ________ for the movie tickets. (pay + ed) [End of Section]
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Prefixes and suffixes Answers Provide the correct spelling of the word and the prefix or suffix in parentheses. The judge will ______________ the lawyer’s objection. (over + rule) Juno was the ___________ dog on the search-and-rescue team. (brave + est) The children were ___________ their new swing set. (enjoy + ing) Marta ________ for the movie tickets. (pay + ed) overrule bravest enjoying paid
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Plurals of nouns The plurals of most nouns are formed by adding either s or es. Singular Plural For most nouns, simply add s. girl girls banana bananas Add es if the noun ends in s, x, z, ch, or sh. moss mosses itch itches bush bushes
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Plurals of nouns Nouns ending in y
Singular Plural Nouns ending in y If a noun ends in y preceded by a consonant, change y to i and add es. story stories lady ladies hobby hobbies Don’t change the y to i in proper nouns. Curry Currys Kelly Kellys
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Plurals of nouns Nouns ending in y
Singular Plural Nouns ending in y If a noun ends in y preceded by a vowel, just add s. key keys turkey turkeys highway highways
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Plurals of nouns Nouns ending in f or fe
Singular Plural Nouns ending in f or fe sheriff sheriffs For some nouns that end in f or fe, add s. gulf gulfs knife knives For others, change the f to v before adding s or es. thief thieves loaf loaves
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Plurals of nouns Nouns ending in o
Singular Plural Nouns ending in o For nouns that end in o preceded by a vowel, add s. rodeo rodeos igloo igloos veto vetoes If the final o is preceded by a consonant, add es. hero heroes potato potatoes
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Grammar Guy Says... Plurals of nouns
Some nouns that end in o can form their plurals either way. Grammar Guy Says... banjos banjo banjoes dominos domino dominoes
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Grammar Guy Says... Plurals of nouns
Also, just add s to proper nouns and to musical terms that end in o—even if the o is preceded by a consonant. Grammar Guy Says... Soto Sotos trio trios cello cellos
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Plurals of nouns Nouns that have irregular plurals
Singular Plural Nouns that have irregular plurals woman women Some nouns form their plurals in irregular ways. goose geese ox oxen child children Some nouns don’t change form at all. deer deer aircraft aircraft
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Plurals of nouns For each sentence, choose the correct spelling of the plural noun in parentheses. 1. Our soccer team has two (coachs, coaches). 2. Renee likes (berrys, berries) on her cereal. 3. Be careful with those (knives, knifes). 4. Jim added some (tomatoes, tomatos) to the salad.
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Plurals of nouns For each sentence, choose the correct spelling of the plural noun in parentheses. 1. Our soccer team has two (coachs, coaches). When a noun ends in s, x, z, ch, or sh, form the plural by adding es.
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Plurals of nouns For each sentence, choose the correct spelling of the plural noun in parentheses. 2. Renee likes (berrys, berries) on her cereal. When a noun ends in y preceded by a consonant, change y to i and add es.
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Plurals of nouns For each sentence, choose the correct spelling of the plural noun in parentheses. 3. Be careful with those (knives, knifes). For many nouns that end in f or fe, change the f to v before adding s or es.
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Plurals of nouns For each sentence, choose the correct spelling of the plural noun in parentheses. 4. Jim added some (tomatoes, tomatos) to the salad. When a noun ends in o preceded by a consonant, form the plural by adding es.
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Plurals of nouns On Your Own Provide the correct plural of the noun in parentheses. We passed several _________ on the way. (church) Are all of the _________ healthy? (puppy) Fireplaces and __________ must be cleaned regularly. (chimney) Most of the rooms have _________. (patio) The farmworkers had difficult _________. (life) 6. Jackie has five pet __________. (mouse) [End of Section]
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Plurals of nouns Answers Provide the correct plural of the noun in parentheses. We passed several _________ on the way. (church) Are all of the _________ healthy? (puppy) Fireplaces and __________ must be cleaned regularly. (chimney) Most of the rooms have _________. (patio) The farmworkers had difficult _________. (life) 6. Jackie has five pet __________. (mouse) churches puppies chimneys patios lives mice
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Review A For each sentence, choose the correctly spelled word in parentheses. 1. Their wedding was a (joious, joyous) event. 2. All the (babies, babys) are asleep. 3. The little boy would never try to (deceive, decieve) his parents. 4. Tom was bothered by my (messyness, messiness). 5. The cast will hold your leg (immobile, imobile) until it heals. [End of Section]
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Review A For each sentence, choose the correctly spelled word in parentheses. 1. Their wedding was a (joious, joyous) event. 2. All the (babies, babys) are asleep. 3. The little boy would never try to (deceive, decieve) his parents. 4. Tom was bothered by my (messyness, messiness). 5. The cast will hold your leg (immobile, imobile) until it heals.
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Review B Correct each spelling error in the following sentences.
1. The frieght train ran off the tracks and crashed. 2. That argument sounds ilogical to me. 3. Max was sincerly sorry that he hurt my feellings. 4. I would happyly go to the play with you. 5. The horse faceing the fence is the one I like. 6. Do not excede the speed limit on these roades. [End of Section]
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Review B Correct each spelling error in the following sentences.
1. The frieght train ran off the tracks and crashed. 2. That argument sounds ilogical to me. 3. Max was sincerly sorry that he hurt my feellings. 4. I would happyly go to the play with you. 5. The horse faceing the fence is the one I like. 6. Do not excede the speed limit on these roades. freight illogical sincerely feelings happily facing exceed roads
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The End
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