1. Walking and Stopping over Tactile Paving Childs, Craig R; Tyler, Nick Accessibility Research Group, UCL, London, UK

2. UK reports on Tactile Paving –17.5% neighbourhoods have poorly laid tactile paving –‘…fine provided they are in the right place and at the right angle, but so often they are not…’ IDGO, 2010. Tactile paving design, siting and laying. –5% wrong type –12% wrong colour Loo-Morrey, 2005. Tactile Paving Review.

3. Layout 1 ? ? ~30m 2 Edge?

4. Layout 2 ? ?

5. Previous study Revisit data for detection distance Childs et al, 2010. Shared Space Delineators : Are They Detectable?

6. PAMELa Pedestrian Accessibility and Movement Environment Laboratory

7. Surfaces Table 2 Tactile Paving Test Characteristics Test 1Test 2Test 3Test 4 Depth400mm800mm Gradientlevel 1:24level

8. Participants Test 1Test 2Test 3Test 4 Long Cane22161417 Guide Dog0636 None7384 Participants2925 27 Trials53979899

9. 'walk towards me stopping if you detect change in surface otherwise keep walking at your normal walking pace' Task

10. Results Guide dog 04008001200 Fail n Long Cane None 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24

11. Results Guide dog 04008001200 Fail n Long Cane None 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 40% 26% 27% 34% 29% 0% 6% 8% 0% 35% 48% 41% 13% 38% 69% 26% 38% 3% 21% 23% 14% 46% 58% 56% 54% 53% 54% 23% 40 15%2%61 2% 0% 56 5% 56 13%0%24 13%0%24 0% 16 15%8%13 15%0%13 16% 5% 19 8% 0% 26 29% 23%

12. Results Guide dog 04008001200 Fail n Long Cane None 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 40% 26% 27% 34% 29% 0% 6% 8% 0% 35% 48% 41% 13% 38% 69% 26% 38% 3% 21% 23% 14% 46% 58% 56% 54% 53% 54% 23% 40 15%2%61 2% 0% 56 5% 56 13%0%24 13%0%24 0% 16 15%8%13 15%0%13 16% 5% 19 8% 0% 26 23% 29%

13. Results Guide dog 04008001200 Fail n Long Cane None 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 40% 26% 27% 34% 29% 0% 6% 8% 0% 35% 48% 41% 13% 38% 69% 26% 38% 3% 21% 23% 14% 46% 58% 56% 54% 53% 54% 23% 40 15%2%61 2% 0% 56 5% 56 13%0%24 13%0%24 0% 16 15%8%13 15%0%13 16% 5% 19 8% 0% 26 23% 29%

14. Results Guide dog 04008001200 Fail n Long Cane None 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 40% 26% 27% 34% 29% 0% 6% 8% 0% 35% 48% 41% 13% 38% 69% 26% 38% 3% 21% 23% 14% 46% 58% 56% 54% 53% 54% 23% 40 15%2%61 2% 0% 56 5% 56 13%0%24 13%0%24 0% 16 15%8%13 15%0%13 16% 5% 19 8% 0% 26 23% 29%

15. Results Guide dog 04008001200 Fail n Long Cane 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 40% 26% 27% 34% 29% 0% 6% 35% 48% 41% 13% 38% 3% 21% 23% 14% 46% 58% 56% 23% 40 15%2%61 2% 0% 56 5% 56 13%0%24 13%0%24 0% 9%56 Ståhl et al. 2010 1000 87% 0%16 29%

16. Results Guide dog 04008001200 Fail n Long Cane 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 40% 26% 27% 34% 29% 0% 6% 35% 48% 41% 13% 38% 3% 21% 23% 14% 46% 58% 56% 23% 40 15%2%61 2% 0% 56 5% 56 13%0%24 13%0%24 0% Ståhl et al. 2010 1000 87% 0%16 Sueda et al. 2000 98% 9%56 29%

17. Results Guide dog 04008001200 Fail n Long Cane 800mm 800mm 1:24 400mm 800mm 800mm 1:24 40% 26% 27% 34% 29% 0% 6% 35% 48% 41% 13% 38% 3% 21% 23% 14% 46% 58% 56% 23% 40 15%2%61 2% 0% 56 5% 56 13%0%24 13%0%24 0% Ståhl et al. 2010 1000 87% 0%16 Sueda et al. 2000 98% 0%56 Peck & Bentzen, 1987 GD LC 95% 0%40 9%56 29%

18. Results Summary 400mm is not reliably detectable 800mm is detectable But stopping distance can be > 800mm 400 < detectable < 800?

19. Discussion Tactile paving guidelines exist Inappropriate use examples Confusing results even following guidelines Should guidelines be revised? On what additional evidence?

20. Dhanyavad