1. Chapter 1-4 ANGLES

2. Contents Recap the terms Angles in daily life What is an angle? Naming an angle Interior and exterior of an angle Measurement of angle Types of angle: Right angle Types of angle: Right angle Obtuse angle Acute angle Straight angle Test Yourself - 1 Congruent angles Pairs of angles: Types Test Yourself - 2 Pairs of angles formed by a transversal Pairs of angles formed by a transversal Test Yourself - 3

3. Point An exact location on a plane is called a point. Line Line segment Ray A straight path on a plane, extending in both directions with no endpoints, is called a line. A part of a line that has two endpoints and thus has a definite length is called a line segment. A line segment extended indefinitely in one direction is called a ray. Recap Geometrical Terms

4. If we look around us, we will see angles everywhere. Angles In Daily Life

5. Common endpoint B C B A Ray BC Ray BA Ray BA and BC are two non-collinear rays When two non-collinear rays join with a common endpoint (origin) an angle is formed. What Is An Angle ? Common endpoint is called the vertex of the angle. B is the vertex of  ABC. Ray BA and ray BC are called the arms of  ABC.

6. Fact: We can also think of an angle formed by rotating one ray away from its initial position.

7. To name an angle, we name any point on one ray, then the vertex, and then any point on the other ray. For example:  ABC or  CBA We may also name this angle only by the single letter of the vertex, for example  B. A B C Naming An Angle

8. An angle divides the points on the plane into three regions: A B C F R P T X Interior And Exterior Of An Angle Points lying on the angle (An angle) Points within the angle (Its interior portion. ) Points outside the angle (Its exterior portion. )

9. Angles are accurately measured in degrees. Protractor is used to measure and draw angles. Measurement Of An Angle

10. There are four main types of angles. Straight angle Right angle Acute angle Obtuse angle A B C A B C A B C BA C Types Of Angles

11. Right angle: An angle whose measure is 90 degrees. Right AngleAcute AngleStraight AngleObtuse Angle

12. Examples Of Right Angle

13. Obtuse angle: An angle whose measure is greater than 90 degrees. Right AngleAcute AngleStraight AngleObtuse Angle

14. Examples Of Obtuse Angle

15. Acute angle: An angle whose measure is less than 90 degrees. Right AngleAcute AngleStraight AngleObtuse Angle

16. Examples Of Acute Angle

17. Straight angle: An angle whose measure is 180 degrees. Right AngleAcute AngleStraight AngleObtuse Angle

18. Examples Of Straight Angle

19. A B C D E F P Q R Which of the angles below is a right angle, less than a right angle and greater than a right angle? Right angle Greater than a right angle Less than a right angle 1. 2. 3.

20. Two angles that have the same measure are called congruent angles. Congruent angles have the same size and shape. A B C 30 0 D E F D E F Congruent Angles

21. Pairs Of Angles : Types Adjacent angles Vertically opposite angles Complimentary angles Supplementary angles Linear pairs of angles

22. Adjacent Angles Two angles that have a common vertex and a common ray are called adjacent angles. C D B A Common ray Common vertex Adjacent Angles  ABD and  DBC Adjacent angles do not overlap each other. D E F A B C  ABC and  DEF are not adjacent angles

23. Vertically Opposite Angles Vertically opposite angles are pairs of angles formed by two lines intersecting at a point.  APC =  BPD  APB =  CPD A D B C P Four angles are formed at the point of intersection. Point of intersection ‘P’ is the common vertex of the four angles. Vertically opposite angles are congruent.

24. If the sum of two angles is 90 0, then they are called complimentary angles. 60 0 A B C 30 0 D E F  ABC and  DEF are complimentary because 60 0 + 30 0 = 90 0  ABC +  DEF Complimentary Angles

25. 70 0 D E F 30 0 p Q R If the sum of two angles is more than 90 0 or less than 90 0, then they not complimentary angles.  DEF and  PQR are not complimentary because 70 0 + 30 0 = 100 0  DEF +  PQR Contd….

26. If the sum of two angles is 180 0 then they are called supplementary angles.  PQR and  ABC are supplementary, because 100 0 + 80 0 = 180 0 R Q P A B C 100 0 80 0  PQR +  ABC Supplementary Angles

27. If the sum of two angles is more than 180 0 or less than 180 0, then they are not supplementary angles.  DEF and  PQR are not supplementary because  ABC +  DEF 110 0 + 80 0 = 190 0 D E F 80 0 C B A 110 0 Contd….

28. Two adjacent supplementary angles are called linear pair of angles. A 60 0 120 0 P C D 60 0 + 120 0 = 180 0  APC +  APD Linear Pair Of Angles

29. Name the adjacent angles and linear pair of angles in the given figure: Adjacent angles:  ABD and  DBC  ABE and  DBA Linear pair of angles:  EBA,  ABC C D B A E 60 0 30 0 90 0  EBD,  DBC C D B A E 60 0 30 0 90 0

30. Name the vertically opposite angles and adjacent angles in the given figure: A D B C P Vertically opposite angles:  APC and  BPD  APB and  CPD Adjacent angles:  APC and  CPD  APB and  BPD

31. A line that intersects two or more lines at different points is called a transversal. Line L (transversal) B A Line M Line N D C P Q G F Pairs Of Angles Formed by a Transversal Line M and line N are parallel lines. Line L intersects line M and line N at point P and Q. Four angles are formed at point P and another four at point Q by the transversal L. Eight angles are formed in all by the transversal L.

32. Pairs Of Angles Formed by a Transversal Corresponding angles Alternate angles Interior angles

33. Corresponding Angles When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, pairs of corresponding angles are formed. Four pairs of corresponding angles are formed. Corresponding pairs of angles are congruent.  GPB =  PQE  GPA =  PQD  BPQ =  EQF  APQ =  DQF Line M B A Line N D E L P Q G F Line L

34. Alternate Angles Alternate angles are formed on opposite sides of the transversal and at different intersecting points. Line M B A Line N D E L P Q G F Line L  BPQ =  DQP  APQ =  EQP Pairs of alternate angles are congruent. Two pairs of alternate angles are formed.

35. The angles that lie in the area between the two parallel lines that are cut by a transversal, are called interior angles. A pair of interior angles lie on the same side of the transversal. The measures of interior angles in each pair add up to 180 0. Interior Angles Line M B A Line N D E L P Q G F Line L 60 0 120 0 60 0  BPQ +  EQP = 180 0  APQ +  DQP = 180 0

36. Name the pairs of the following angles formed by a transversal. Line M B A Line N DE P Q G F Line L Line M B A Line N D E P Q G F Line L Line M B A Line N D E P Q G F Line L 50 0 130 0