1. The Advantage of Geospatial Information in Disaster Management
DR. Sutopo Purwo Nugroho
Head of Data, Information, and Public Relations
National Agency for Disaster Management (BNPB)
Asia Geospatial Forum
Jakarta, October 2011

2. Phase of Disaster Management

3. Advantage of Geospatial Information in Disaster Management Phase
Planning and Mitigation
As potential emergency situations are identified, mitigation needs can be determined and prioritized, In the case of an earthquake, what developments are within the primary impact zone of earthquake faults? Based on the expected magnitude of an earthquake, soils, and other geologic data, what damage may occur
Indonesia Earthquake Hazard Zone, 2011
Using Geospatial Information, officials can pinpoint hazards and begin to evaluate the risk and consequences of potential emergencies or disasters
Values at risk can be displayed quickly and efficiently through a GIS. Utilizing existing databases linked to geographic features in GIS makes this possible
Indonesia Disaster Prone Area Index, 2011

4. Advantage of Geospatial Information in Disaster Management Phase
Preparedness
Distribution of Search and Rescue Equipment in Indonesia, 2011
Geospatial BNPB’s Indonesia Disaster Watch
Preparedness includes those activities that prepare for actual emergencies. GIS can provide answers to questions such as How many paramedic, logistics units are required, and where should they be located?
GIS can display "real-time" monitoring for emergency early warning, Earth movements (earthquake), reservoir level at dam sights, radiation monitors, and so forth, can all be monitored and displayed by location in GIS

5. Advantage of Geospatial Information in Disaster Management Phase
Response
Geo Information can assist immediately by helping decision makers understand the scope of the damage and identify locations where people may be trapped or injured or require medical support and rescue.
Analyzing critical infrastructure (facilities essential for the operation and sustainability of health services, food services, and government operations) that is or could be damaged or destroyed is essential to restoring vital services and government operations.
Merapi Volcano Eruption Affected Area, 2010
Decision makers can assign response resources to the highest life safety and facility repair priorities. Another critical mission that geospatial technology supports is emergency supply chain management
Number of Casualties, Wes Sumatera Earthquake 2009

6. Advantage of Geospatial Information in Disaster Management Phase
Recovery
A GIS can work in concert with
GPS to locate each damaged facility, identify the type and amount of damage, and begin
to establish priorities for action (triage).
A GIS can display areas where services have been restored in order to
quickly reallocate recovery work to priority tasks.
Building/Housing Damaged Identification, Java Earthquake 2006
Long-term plans and progress can be displayed and tracked utilizing a GIS. Prioritization for major restoration investments can be made with the assistance of GIS
Number of T-shelter required, planned, and constructed, Java Earthquake 2006

7. Geospatial Data Structure in BNPB
Geospatial Information in National Agency For Disaster Management (BNPB)
Geospatial Data Structure in BNPB
Basemap (25K, 50K, 250K)
Administrative Boundary (Bakosurtanal, BPS 2009) Road (Bakosurtanal, OSM, Tele Atlas, Navigasi.net), River (Bakosurtanal), Contour Line and Height Point (Bakosurtanal), Landuse and Settlement area (Bakosurtanal, OSM, Navigasi.net )
Thematics
Hazard and Risk Map
Daily of Disaster events in Indonesia
Statistical Maps of Disaster
Vektor
SPATIAL
DATABASE
ENGINE
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) SRTM 90 m
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) ASTER 30 m
IKONOS
Quick Bird
Landsat
SPOT
Raster

8. Geospatial Information in National Agency For Disaster Management (BNPB)
BNPB’s Geospatial Information Website (Http ://geospasial.bnpb.go.id)

9. Http://geospasial.bnpb.go.id Maps Gallery
Download over 1000 maps related with disaster in Indonesia in pdf format
Daily update maps, publish regularly

10.
Topography Maps Scale 1 : 250K Available to Download
Download the topography maps Scale 1 : 250K based on the index maps.
257 maps coverage for the whole Indonesia

11. Http://geospasial.bnpb.go.id Indonesia Disaster Watch
Indonesia Disaster events real time and daily updated

12.
Preparedness and Disaster Risk Reduction Web GIS
Layer available :
Basemap (Village Level), Topography Hazard Maps, Risk Maps
Feature Function :
Identify Object, Find a location, Searching, Dynamic Legend, Draw and Measure, Print Out Maps

13. Http://geospasial.bnpb.go.id Web GIS for Emergency Response
Activated in Emergency Response Phase
Layer will available: Hazard zone, affected area, IDP’s location, etc.

14. Geospatial Online Data Layer with WMS, WFS Capability
Geospatial Information Map Services
Geospatial Online Data Layer with WMS, WFS Capability

15. Http://geospasial.bnpb.go.id BNPB Geospatial Information Via Mobile
Download application for Android:

16. Modelling Natural Disaster Scenarios
BNPB is developing its capacity to simply but realistically model natural disaster scenarios
These scenarios are then underpinning both response and preparedness planning
Based on best available science, data and engineering

17. Simple Impact Scenarios
Impact Function
Hazard
Exposure
Our approach is the same for both rapid response and preparedness and contingency planning
At its simplest, we have a recipe with three ingredients:
A spatial layer of hazard
A spatial layer of exposure (this could be people, buildings, infrastructure, dll)
Finally, we combine these using impact functions that are based on a combination of historical data, engineering and Indonesia’s best research)
So let me provide an example of this approach in a response context – specifically for earthquakes 17

18. Simple Impact Scenarios Earthquake Example
Hazard - ShakeMap
Exposure - Population
Fatalities 0%
100%
MMI
Fatality Function
Immediately following an earthquake, BMKG generates an estimate of the ground shaking – called a ShakeMap – which is immediately provided to BNPB
BNPB has access to national population data from the Indonesian Statistics Agency
Risk in a Box allows us to then rapidly combine these layers through a fatality function which tells us:
how many people are expected to die given a specific level of ground shaking

19. And here is the final result – a rapid estimate of the impact of last week’s earthquake off Bali. This was created within an hour of the earthquake and available from BNPB’s website. It provides us with an estimate of how many people are in different intensities of ground shaking and this in turn informs us of the likely scale and severity of the earthquake. You can see from this earthquake that there are not expected to be people in shaking of intensity 5 or greater and hence we do not expect a lot of fatalities or severe damage.
Importantly, it is still a prototype and we are ironing our some technical issues, however it provides us a rich source of information within minutes of an event that we can use to inform our response.
Also, this product may look familiar as it has been based on the work of the United States Geological Survey, however it has some significant advances in that the underpinning science and data is from Indonesia. It also represents the powerful linking of two Indonesian Government Agencies – BNPB and BMKG - in order to provide a better disaster response and to save lives

20. THANK YOU