1. The Industrial Revolution and Warfare  Firearms – Revolvers have five shots or more – Rifles can shoot farther and accurately

2. The Industrial Revolution and Warfare  Cannons – Howitzers lob large shells over obstacles – Rifled cannons fire great distances and are accurate

3. Defensive positions  Trenches protected soldiers from enemy fire  Foxholes

4. Ironclad gunboats  Naval gunship made with steel sides  Armed with numerous cannons

5. Northern Strategy: The Anaconda Plan  Union plans were to strangle southern ports from selling cotton to foreign countries and buying weapons too  Needed to destroy the Southern will to fight by invasion and destruction of will to fight

6. Southern Strategy:Time and Defense  Southern forces needed to provide early and spectacular victories to show foreign allies south capable of winning  Victories would sap northern ability to continue fight