1. Guidelines For Real Time Effluent Quality Monitoring System(RTEQMS) R.M.Bhardwaj Scientist D CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD

2. Background  Central Pollution Control Board issued directions to SPCBs/PCCs for setting up of Real Time Monitoring Systems in February 2014.  Regulation on method of monitoring and analysis for Real Time Monitoring Systems does not exist and required to be mandated by SPCBs/PCCs as a self regulation mechanism.

3. Regulatory Regime  Consent orders of SPCBs/PCCs specify standards to be complied by industries  Industries submit analysis reports to SPCBs/PCCs and invariably copies are marked to CPCB  Reports submitted by industries largely comply with the consent standard limits in contrast to the samples collected by SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB that by and large remains non complying.  Actions (based on manual monitoring methodology) against industries are not leading to improvement in treatment processes by the units besides the willingness of persistent defaulters remains non committal.

4. Regulatory Regime (contd.)  Monitoring mechanism is weak due to lack of logistics, manpower and resources among the SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB obviously due to vastness of the jurisdiction area for regional offices and Zonal offices.  Remedy is to put in place alternate monitoring mechanism on self monitoring methodology by industries and provide online data to regulatory regime.  Limitations of the remedy is to modify the consent mechanism wherein online monitoring and reporting has to be made mandatory

5. Guidelines for RTEQMS  Industrial units shall inform SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB about setting up of RTEQMS by submitting installation and commissioning reports with the technical details of equipment's and their worthiness.  RTEQMS should be equipped to analyse specified parameters Parameters (pH, Total suspended solids, ammonia, Bio-chemical Oxygen demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) etc.) on a defined frequency.  RTEQMS shall consist of standalone unmanned water monitoring stations/system equipped with GSM/GPRS modem and other communication modes for transmission of real time data to a central receiving station(CRS)

6. Guidelines for RTEQMS (contd.)  CRS/Server to be located at industrial unit/service provider/SPCBs/PCCs and CPCB.  Central receiving station should have capability to receive, analyze and archive the data received from RTEQMS with alarm system.  Physical verification of installation of equipment's shall be carried out by SPCBs/PCCs and compile reports with photographic evidence.  Verification of data generated through RTEQMS shall be cross checked by manual monitoring and analysis of effluent samples by SPCBs/PCCs to assess the efficacy, accuracy, precision and reliability of equipment's.

7. Site Selection  Fixing of site for installation of RTEQMS should be representative and in compliance to provisions of Consent Management (notified effluent outfall with coordinates-Global Positioning System) to assess temporal changes in the quality of effluent discharged from the premises of industrial unit.  Monitoring site should be accurately displayed with written station location.  Photographic evidence should be obtained in the documentation.

8. Instrumentation of RTEQMS  Various equipment manufacturers in India and Abroad are capable to supply, install, commission and operate the RTEQMS.  Technology providers have analyser as well as sensor based equipment's to cater to the needs of RTEQMS.  General guidelines shall not specify the equipments and technology to be used for setting up of RTEQMS  Market based system shall be governed for setting up of RTEQMS  Industrial units/associations shall use the equipment and service providers based on the economics and ruggedness for RTEQMS to last longer (say at least 5 to 8 years)

9. Advantages and Disadvantages of Flow Through System

10. Advantages and Disadvantages of Insitu Monitoring System

11. Data Management and Quality Checks RTEQMS generated data should be validated according to Water Quality Criteria/Effluent Discharge Standards using the methodologies included in the publication of American Public Health Association on Water and Waste Water Examination(20 th Edition) Sensors/analyzers shall have current US EPA reference or equipment method designation and shall be of the latest design.

12. Data Management and Quality Checks (contd.) Standard Operating procedure should be provided and must contain o Operating procedures for all analyzers and sensors o Calibration procedures o Calibration schedules o Maintenance procedures o Maintenance schedules o Data Transmission procedures o Data validation procedures

13. Network Architecture  Network architecture should be modular  RTEQMS should be operational in a real time mode and central station should be able to access  RTEQMS should be field operational and tolerant to extreme environmental conditions, in high or low temperatures, high humidity coastal conditions and high temperature.  RTEQMS should be rugged and should not require manual intervention except routine calibration  Communication between RTEQMS and Central Receiving station must be two-way communication system utilizing GPRS/any other telemetry system.

14. Network Architecture (contd.)  RTEQMS should have built in GPS receiver for automatic position determination and web camera to visualise the surroundings of effluent channel and virtual flow.  Central Receiving station must have the capability to remotely configure, receive, process, archive and visualize data collected and transmitted from RTEQMS to serve through WEB dissemination  System should have WEB software to distribute the data to authorized users with highly secured mode through a Quality Control Process.

15. WEB Software Platform  Web Software Platform must be able for web posting of the data available on the central server in such a way that all authorized persons with an internet connection (ADSL) would have the possibility to access to the information of all the RTEQMS  Web Enabled Software must have following features: o Log of user accessing the web enabled data with complete detail of data accessed and downloaded should be maintained. o Authorized user should have access to current data and historical data.

16. WEB Software Platform (contd.) o RTEQMS must show the geographical information and status of the stations, for example Name of station, Station ID, Latitude, Longitude, Height (msl) etc. o On selecting a station, the complete menu of the data should be displayed. o Data should be accessible in Tabular and graphical format provided by the authorised user.

17. General Specifications -RTEQMS  Equipment's should be capable of operating in a self-powering mode from an internal power supply (using cell batteries/alternative system) with a full payload at a defined sampling interval.  Equipment's should have a non-volatile flash disk memory capable of storing individual readings for a period of at least one year.  Loss of power should not cause loss of memory

18. Technical Specification of Analysers/Sensors

19. pH (mV) ParameterTechnical Specification Measuring Range0.0 to 14 units of pH Accuracy≤ 0.01 units of pH Response Time≤ 60 seconds Operating Temperature0 to 40 o C Operating Humidity5 to 95% non-condensing Power12 VDC Nominal CleaningSelf-Cleaning ( Automatic )

20. COD (mg/l) ParameterTechnical Specification Measuring Range0.0 to 500 mg/L Accuracy± 2% + 5 mg/L of certified reference standard Resolution≤ 1 mg/L Response Time ≤ 60 seconds Operating Temperature0 to 40 o C Operating Humidity5 to 95% non-condensing Power12 VDC Nominal CleaningSelf-Cleaning ( Automatic )

21. BOD (mg/L) ParameterTechnical Specification Measuring Range0.0-50 mg/L Resolution≤ 1 mg/L Response Time ≤ 60 seconds Operating Temperature0 to 40 o C Operating Humidity5 to 95% non-condensing Power12 VDC Nominal CleaningSelf-Cleaning ( Automatic )

22. Ammonia (mg/l) ParameterTechnical Specification Measuring Range0.0 to 100 mg/L Accuracy≤ 3% of full scale Resolution≤ 0.1 mg / L Response Time ≤ 60 seconds Operating Temperature0 to 40 o C Operating Humidity5 to 95% non-condensing Power12 VDC Nominal CleaningSelf-Cleaning ( Automatic )

23. Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) ParameterTechnical Specification Measuring Range0.0 to 200 mg/l Accuracy≤ 5 mg/l Response Time≤ 60 seconds Operating Temperature0 to 40 o C Operating Humidity5 to 95% non-condensing Power12 VDC Nominal CleaningSelf-Cleaning ( Automatic )

24. Experience on Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of River Ganga and Yamuna

25. Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of River Ganga  First attempt of Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of River Ganga -1992-95  System performed for a couple of months  System did not have telecommunication system  Data downloading through floppy diskettes  Monitoring data have erratic values  System did not improved despite efforts  Contract with the supplier of floating boat and equipments terminated  Led to arbitration and litigation  Bitter experience for two decade

26. Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of River Ganga

27. Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of River Yamuna  Second attempt of Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of River Yamuna -1998  Monitoring system was analyser based  Container size for equipments was 15x20 feet  System performed for a couple of months  System did not have telecommunication system  Data downloading through floppy diskettes  Monitoring data have erratic values  System did not improved despite efforts

28. Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of River Ganga and Yamuna  Third attempt of Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of River Ganga and Yamuna -2012  Monitoring system is sensor based  System functioning for a period of 12 months  System have telecommunication system  Data transmission through telemetry in server installed in CPCB Delhi Office  Monitoring data is under going verification through manual monitoring  System has strengths and weaknesses  Possibilities of improvement is being explored

29. Monitoring Location River Ganga  01. Haridwar- Upper Ganga Barrage-BhimGoda)  02. Kannauj (Nanamau Bridge), Downstream  03. Kanpur (Jajmau Bridge Kanpur)  04. Allahabad (Shastri Bridge), Upstream  05. Varanasi, Upstream  06. Varanasi, Downstream  07. Gandhi Ghat, Patna (floating platform)  08. Garden Reach, Kolkata River Yamuna  09. Delhi Upstream, Wazirabad  10. Delhi Downstream Okhla

30. Monitoring Location

31. Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of River Ganga and Yamuna

32. Salient Features of RTWQMS  RTWQMS Project consists of 10 standalone, unmanned remote water quality monitoring  System stations can monitor ten parameters pH Turbidity Conductivity Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Ammonia Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Nitrate Chloride  Monitoring frequency is set for 15 minutes.  Real time data transmitted through GPRS network to server of central receiving station at CPCB office

33. Components of the System  Real Time Water Quality Monitoring System (RTWQMS) comprises of  Monitoring Station-Data logger Data logger and transmission system with build in display - Compressor-Solar panel-Battery-GPS-GPRS- Camera  Sensor package  Enclosures  Wireless network-GSM/GPRS transmitters  Battery Charging System for remote stations (battery, regulator, solar panel)  Single Point Grounding System for field stations  Floating Platform/Buoy  Data processing and publishing server  Alert system

34. Monitoring Station Jajmau Bridge Kanpur- Fixed Varanasi Downstream- Floating

35. Monitoring Station-Floating River Ganga-Varanasi Downstream-Floating River Gomti-Lucknow-CWC Station

36. Data Logger and Battery Data Logger Battery Back Up

37. Sensor Cage with sensors on Floating Station Set of four Sensor Set of four Sensor

38. Monitoring Station-Fixed Shastri Bridge-Allahabad

39. Monitoring Station-Fixed Anchor of Cage to Bridge Pillar

40. Data Logger connected to Sensors

41. Central Receiving Station  Comprising of three Servers  Data collection and Data base server - Windows Server Edition, Software with SQL Database  Real-time Quality Control Software for alarms by SMS messages based on thresholds  Quality Assurance and Application Server (Windows Server Edition), Time Series  Web Accessible Remote Station and Computer Maintenance Log Software  WEB Server, Data Dissemination/visualization software  UPS for Computer Systems  Computer Rack  Network Router with Hardware  Network Switch (HUB)

42. Data Management  Online data validation at each station with the con::cube / moni::tool features  Software installed on Central Receiving Station has provision for data acquisition, data archival, data analysis, data display and report generation with parameter value graphs  Possible to process and further analyze all the measured and calculated parameters from these ten remote stations.

44. Central Monitoring and Alert System  Hydro – Q a web based Central Monitoring System provides information about electrical and general parameters online  System allows authenticated users to view textual and graphical reports including trends of all configured parameters  Integration with google maps provides a one point view of all site information.

45. Limitations/Achievements of Monitoring System Site selection and Timely clearance/permission for installation Taxation for an overseas vendor Frequent calibration is required Security in remote areas a cause of concern Wide variation in real time values in respect of some parameters (BOD,COD and Nitrate) however relatively reliable observations in respect of other parameters (pH, DO, Temperature, Colour, Conductivity, Turbidity, Chloride and Ammonia)

46. Limitations/Achievements of Monitoring System (contd.) System is workable however drop time observed invariably due to communication failure or power disruption Data used during Maha Kumbh Event and with respect to issues with water quality intake point of Delhi on Yamuna for instant reporting Direction issued to SPCB for corrective action on water quality deterioration at water intake point of Delhi and regularly used during Maha Kumbh event. System will be helpful for Govt. organisations struggling with manpower. Limitations shall be huge investment and skilled manpower.

47. HYDROLOGY PROJECT – II LOAN NO. 4749-IN International Competitive Bidding (ICB) for Procurement of supply, installation, testing, training and commissioning of Real Time Water Quality Monitoring Stations (RTWQMS). IFB No: ICB No: HP II/CPCB-1 /2011-12 Bid Evaluation Report- Vol. 1

48. ICB –Tender Quotations Name of BidderBid Amount Wintech Engineers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,India Rs.7,90,82,000/- Tritech Engineering & Testing (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., Singapore Rs. 5,61,96,196/- Essel Shyam Technologies Ltd., NOIDA, India Rs.1,51,30,267/- Elcome Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Gurgaon, India Rs. 8,99,34,030/- SGS Weather & Environmental System Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India Rs. 9,36,48,545/-

49. Details of Bid Quotation Sl. No.Name of ItemSpecification or Part No.Qty.RateValue Sl.No.Name of ItemDetailQtyRate Value 1Basic item Real Time Water Quality Monitoring System as per the details of TS 10INR 1,429,670 INR 14,530,446 (including inland transportation and other services) 2 Central Receiving Station Central Receiving Station at CPCB as per the details of TS 1 INR 4,737,429 INR 4,737,429 Total (1+2) INR 19,267,875 3. Goods Manufactu red in the Purchaser’ s Country Real Time Water Quality Monitoring System as per details of TS 1 Lot INR 2,083,646 Central Receiving Station at CPCB as per the details of TS 1 Lot INR 452,147 Total (3) INR 2,535,792

50. Details of Bid Quotation Sl. No. Name of Item Related Services Qty.RateValue 4.1 Installation, Testing, Calibration, and Commissioning of RTWQMS including civil works LS (1 Lot) INR 3,095,352 4.2Training of CPCB personnel in all activities LS (1 Lot) INR 631,800 4.3 Operation of CPCB Data Center, including Data Collection, Data Storage, Data Validation, Data Dissemination and servicing of all software/ hardware LS (1 Lot) INR 949,806 4.4 Cost of GSM/GPRS Data Transmission during installation, testing & calibration and warranty period LS (1 Lot) INR 186,030 4.5 Maintenance Manuals, maintenance database and SOP( two numbers) at each site LS (1 Lot) INR 585,000 4.6 O&M of the system during the two years of warranty following the final acceptance of the system LS (1 Lot) INR 10,049,375 Total Bid Price INR 15,497,363

51. Details of Bid Quotation Sl. No.Name of Item /AMCRate 5.1Hardware Maintenance (Post-Warranty Period) 5.1.1Central Receiving StationINR 1,610,329 5.1.1RTWQMSINR 3,732,414 5.1.3Software Licenses & UpdatesINR 0 5.2Technical Services 5.2.1Operating & maintenance staff [to be detailed]INR 12,542,445 5.2.2Telecommunication costs (GSM/GPRS)INR 252,720 5.2.3Licenses, Fees WebINR 0 5.3Other Recurrent Costs 5.3.1Burglary Insurance for all the equipmentsINR 73,519 5.3.2Fire & Natural Disaster Insurance for all equipmentsINR 157,238 5.3.3Specialist Annual Consuttancy on WQ DataINR 526,500 Total PriceINR 18,895,166

52. Post Warranty Related Services Years Total No.ComponentY 3Y 4Y 5 1 Hardware Maintenance (Post-Warranty Period) 1.1Central Receiving StationINR 510,810INR 536,351INR 563,168INR 1,610,329 1.2RTWQMSINR 1,119,338INR 1,306,538 INR 3,732,414 2 Software Licenses & Updates INR 0 3Technical Services 3.1 Operating & maintenance staff [to be detailed] INR 3,978,571INR 4,177,500INR 4,386,374INR 12,542,445 3.2 Telecommunication costs (GSM/GPRS) INR 84,240 INR 252,720 3.3Licenses, Fees WebINR 0 4Other Recurrent Costs 4.1 Burglary Insurance for all the equipment's INR 25,773INR 24,485INR 23,261INR 73,519 4.2 Fire & Natural Disaster Insurance for all equipment's INR 55,123INR 52,367INR 49,749INR 157,238 4.3 Specialist Annual Consultancy on WQ Data INR 175,500 INR 526,500 Annual Subtotals:5,949,3566,356,9806,588,830 TOTAL INR 18,895,166

53. Thank You