2. Mandi MM150-16AU Survey of Mathematics

3. The Binary Notation Using computers today requires the knowledge of math in many different ways. In information technology many computers read and understand binary. All the data in a computer is represented by 1’s and 0’s. The binary numeral system or base-2 number system represents numeric values using two symbols, 0 and 1. A binary number can be represented by any sequence of bits (binary digits). Knowing and understanding binary is a staple in information technology and is widely known in the networking field. A network administrator will take an IP address and convert it into binary notation. This math is similar to the metric system, because we are using conversion. We will also use order of operation because we will have a different result if the math is not done in order. Terms Bit- A bit (short for binary digit) is the smallest unit of data in a computer. A bit has a single binary value, either 0 or 1. IP address-an IP address is a 32-bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packets across the Internet.

4. The Binary Notation Here is an example of an IP address and the bit number system 192.172.12.1 This IP address has four octets, which are separated by a period. Each number in this IP address are represented by a set of bits. Here is the bit system below 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 Some Rules Using this bit number system, subtract each bit for the first octet which is 192. Place a 1 if the bits can be subtracted, if there is nothing to subtract than use a 0. If there is negative number place 0’s in those places too. 1 st octet (192-128)=64 (64-64)=0 Because there is nothing left to subtract you will replace 32,16,8,4,2,1 with 0’s So the binary for 192 is 1100000 Repeat these steps for all the remaining octets

5. IP address- 192.172.12.1 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 2 nd octet (172-128)=44 (64-44)=20 (20-16=4 (4-4)=0 The binary for 172 is 11010100 3 rd octet (12-8)= 4 (4-4)=0 The binary for 12 is 00001100 4 th octet (1-1)=0 The binary for 1 is 00000001 The complete IP address for 192.172.12.1 in binary notation 1100000.11010100. 00001100.00000001

6. References Binary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2009, October 11). Retrieved October 22, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary Computer Glossary, Computer Terms - Technology Definitions and Cheat Sheets from WhatIs.com - The Tech Dictionary and IT Encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved October 22, 2009, from http://whatis.techtarget.com/whome/0,289825,sid9,00.html