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Teacher’s name: Haitam Hleihil
Grade : 9 “2” School : Segev shalom high school Subject : modals & semi-modals
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Modals and Semi Modals
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Here are some of the modals & semi-modals
could can should might may Be able to have to must
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Use We use modals and semi-modals to add meaning to the verb.
We use can/could to add meaning of: 1) ability: I run fast I can run fast 2) permission: you can invite your friend. Could is the past form of can : I could run fast when I was young. We use must to talk about obligation : I must go to school everyday.
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We use may to add meaning of :
1) possibility: it may rain later today. 2) permission: you may use my phone. We use might to add meaning of possibility: we might go out later today. We use should to add meaning of suggestion: you should study more
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Modals
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Form Modals behave the same with all of the pronouns: I You can/could
We may/might They should He must She It
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Rule: subject modal verb in base form
Modals are always followed by a verb in its base form and come after the subject. Rule: subject modal verb in base form EXAMPLES: He can speak English vs. He speaks English You may go out . She may take the book to school. They should do their homework. We must wake up early.
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Negative form 2. We use "not“ after the modal to make negative form.
EXAMPLES: He should not be late. They might not come to school. I cannot eat any more cakes.
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3. Many modal verbs cannot be used in the past tenses or the future tenses.
EXAMPLES: He will can go with us. WRONG She must studied very hard. WRONG
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Semi modals
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Semi-modals Many modals cannot be used in all of the English tenses. That's why we need to know their meaning and the substitute for these modal verbs.
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Be able to We use this semi-modal to express: ability Permission use:
We use “be able to” in the past, present and future tense.
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present Yes/no question: Are you able to walk?
Positive: I am able to walk. Negative: I am not able to walk. Yes/no question: Are you able to walk? Wh-question: When are you able to walk?
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past positive: I was able to run. Negative: I was not able to run.
Yes/No question: Were you able to run? Wh-question: Why were you able to run?
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future Positive: I will be able to run fast.
Negative: I will not be able to run fast. Yes/no question: will you be able to run? Wh-question: why will you be able to run?
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have to - has to had to – will have to
= it is necessary =shows obligation and giving advice. have to/has to –in the present/near future had to –in the past will have to –in the future
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Present I You have to We don’t have to They He She has to
It doesn’t have to *Don’t have to/doesn’t have to: it’s not necessary
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Forming questions Yes/no questions:
To form yes/no question we put the helping verb “do”/”does” in the beginning of the sentence : For example: 1)you have to do your homework. Do you have to do you homework? she has to do her homework. Does she have to do her homework?
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Wh question: we add wh-word at the beginning of the yes/no question to for wh-question. For example: Do you have to do your homework? why do you have to do your homework? Does she have to do her homework? Why does she have to do her homework?
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past I You We had to They didn’t have to He She It
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Forming questions Yes/no questions: Wh-questions:
To form a yes/no question in the past tense we put the helping verb “did” at the beginning of the sentence: for example: she had to do her homework. Did she have to do her homework? Wh-questions: To form wh-question we add a wh-word at the beginning of the yes/no question: for example: Did she have to do her homework? why did she have to do her homework?
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Future I You We They will have to He will not have to She It
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Yes/no questions: To form a yes/no question in the future tense we put the word “will” at the beginning of the sentence: for example: she will have to do her homework. will she have to do her homework? Wh-questions: To form wh-question we add a wh-word at the beginning of the yes/no question: for example: will she have to do her homework? why will she have to do her homework?
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Practice time
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