## Presentation on theme: "Exponents and Radicals"— Presentation transcript:

MAT 205 FALL 2008 Chapter 11 Exponents and Radicals

Flashback: One semester ago……..

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents
Helpful Tip: Watch the order of operations ….or else! Examples

Sect 11.1 : Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents
MAT 205 FALL 2008 Sect 11.1 : Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents Use one or a combination of the laws of exponents to simplify each expression. State final answers using only positive exponents. Assume all variables represent positive values.

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents

Simplifying Expressions with Integral Exponents
…and the calc student’s nightmare:

P. 317 #66 The metric units for the velocity v of an object are , and the units for acceleration a of the object are What are the units for v/a?

Sect 11.2: Fractional (Rational) Exponents
power root

Fractional (Rational) Exponents
When evaluating expressions involving fractional exponents without a calculator: It is usually best to find the root first, as indicated by the denominator, then raise it to the power indicated in the numerator.

Fractional (Rational) Exponents
You can evaluate expressions involving fractional exponents using the calculator. Use the key and type parentheses around the fraction. Example: Evaluate using the TI-84.

Simplifying Expressions Involving Fractional Exponents
The same laws of exponents apply to fractional exponents, though the work may be a little messier.

Simplifying Expressions Involving Fractional Exponents

Simplifying Expressions Involving Fractional Exponents

Simplifying Expressions Involving Fractional Exponents

Simplifying Expressions Involving Fractional Exponents

Simplifying Expressions Involving Fractional Exponents

Let a and b represent positive real numbers.

Simplifying Radicals To reduce a radical to simplest form: Remove all perfect nth power factors from a radical of order n. If a fraction appears under the radical or there is a radical in the denominator of the expression, simplify by rationalizing the denominator. If possible, reduce the order of the radical.

Simplifying Radicals Removing all nth power factors 

Simplifying Radicals Rationalizing the denominator 

Plan of Action: Express each radical in simplest form. Combine like radicals. Examples

Sect 11.5: Multiplication & Division of Radicals
To multiply expressions containing radicals, we will use the property where a and b represent positive values. Notice that the orders (indexes) of the radicals being multiplied must be the same.

Check it out!

Division of Radicals We saw earlier that when dealing with an expression containing a radical in the denominator, we usually rationalize the denominator. We will now deal with denominators containing two terms.

Division of Radicals So, to rationalize a denominator that is the sum or difference of two terms, multiply the numerator and denominator of the fraction by the _____________________ of the denominator.

To solve radical equations, we will use the fact that That is, we will apply the appropriate inverse operation to “get the variable out of the radical”.

To solve a radical equation involving one radical: Isolate the radical expression on one side of the equation. Raise both sides of the equation to the power that is the same as the order of the radical (inverse operation). Solve the resulting equation for the variable. Check for extraneous solutions* by checking the apparent solutions in the original equation. *Extraneous solutions may be introduced when both sides of an equation are raised to an even power.

To solve a radical equation involving two square roots:
Isolate one of the radical expressions on one side of the equation. Square both sides of the equation. Simplify. Isolate the remaining radical expression on one side of the equation. Solve the resulting equation for the variable. Check for extraneous solutions by checking the apparent solutions in the original equation.