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Solar Assisted Oil Distiller System Design Review P15484 October 2, 2014 Johnathon Wheaton Bruno Moraes Peter Coutts Nathan Johnson Benjamin Wolfe.

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Presentation on theme: "Solar Assisted Oil Distiller System Design Review P15484 October 2, 2014 Johnathon Wheaton Bruno Moraes Peter Coutts Nathan Johnson Benjamin Wolfe."— Presentation transcript:

1 Solar Assisted Oil Distiller System Design Review P15484 October 2, 2014 Johnathon Wheaton Bruno Moraes Peter Coutts Nathan Johnson Benjamin Wolfe

2 Agenda  Project introduction  Functional Decomposition  Functional Architecture  Morphological Analysis  Pugh Matrix  Concept Selection  Preliminary Test Plan  Updated Risks  Next Steps

3 Project Introduction http://www.anandaapothecary.com/images3/distillation.gif http://www.vetivernur series.co.nz/uploads/ images/3%20Months %20growth%202.JP G

4 Functional Decomposition

5 Functional Architecture

6 Morphological Table

7 System Alternatives

8 Pugh Matrix (1 st iteration)

9 Pugh Matrix (2 nd iteration)

10 Pugh Matrix (3rd iteration)

11 Pugh Matrix Conclusions  Sub-systems are highly independent  Concepts can be combined with varying degrees  Ex. Photovoltaic & Methane burning  Feasibility was one of the most important deciding factors  Solar heating is the greatest design challenge  Must be independently analyzed

12 Solar Heating Requirements  2 gallons of water per distillation process  19.3 MJ (5.36 kWh) required to boil 2 gallons of water (25 °C to 100°C boiling)  Inefficiencies can be supplemented by propane (later methane)  Criteria for selection:  Initial cost  Operating cost  Safety  Lifespan, durability

13 Available Solar Energy  Total average daily energy = 8.47 kWh/m 2 /day

14 Solar Heating Concepts Collector 1.Evacuated tubes 2.Flat plate Concentrators 3.Fresnel Lens 4.Water lens 5.Parabolic reflector 6.Solar trough Photovoltaic Panels

15 Solar Thermal Collectors  Evacuated Tubes http://tgalsolar.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Edson- Heat-Transfer-300x248.jpg http://www.siliconsolar.com/wp- content/uploads/how-evac-tubes-work.jpg

16 Solar Thermal Collectors  Evacuated Tubes http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51i5tzmlzuL.jpg

17 Solar Thermal Collectors  Flat Plate Collector http://www.gunt.de/networks/gunt/sites/s2/mmcontent/img/ E3-S-ST-B.jpg http://www.htproducts.com/images/products/Solar-Flat- Plate-Panels-Installed.jpg

18 Solar Thermal Collectors  Evacuated tubes x Flat Plates - Relative costs - Efficiency

19 Solar Thermal Collectors  Relative costs (evacuated tubes) Temperature difference =75ºC Slope: 3.24 $/W Relative cost average: 3.56 $/W Power (w) Cost (US$)

20 Solar Thermal Collectors  Relative costs (flat plates) Temperature difference =75ºC Slope: 7.34 $/W Relative cost average: 8.20 $/W Power (w) Cost (US$)

21 Solar Thermal Collectors  Efficiency Duda Solar SC5815 Evacuated Tubes Titan Power ALDH29 Flat Plate ΔTΔT Efficiency

22 Solar Thermal Collectors  Efficiency http://www.solardynamix.com/uploads/6/8/1/0/6810974/611 2205.png?312 http://www.aeodexia.com/Images/UpFile/2008123085 258946.gif

23 Photovoltaic Collectors  Solar Panels - Converts the suns radiation into electricity  Charge Controller – Prevents overcharging of the battery  Deep Cycle Battery – Stores energy to offset power fluctuations  Electric Heating Coil – Converts electricity into heat

24 Solar Concentrators  Solar energy through concentrated light  Fresnel Lens  Water Lens  Parabolic Reflector  Solar Trough  Gold Nanoparticles All require tracking

25 Calculations  Broke down energy required for processing:  % needed from solar source: (~6 hours of sun)  111 Watts for 48 hours straight  222 Watts for 2 x 12 hour sessions  Remaining % from propane (methane)  Calculated cost of solar source to meet power requirement  Benchmarking  Calculated cost savings vs 100% propane  Hypothetical payback period

26 Calculations Known Values & Assumptions:

27 Completed Solar Concept Table 48 Hour Continuous Cycle – 111W 24 Hour Cycle Over 2, 12 Hour Processes – 222W

28 Select Concept  Customer feedback  Primary plan: solar trough  Novel idea  Low Cost  Safe  Back-up plan: photovoltaic  Less efficient  Proven concept http://wims.unice.fr/xiao/solar/collector.html http://solarknowledge.blogspot.com/2010_12_01_archive.html

29 All other Sub-systems

30 Boiler  Store bought pressure cooker  Pressure monitor  Lid that clamps sealed  Steam outlet port  Stainless Steel Stock Pot  Simple  Cheap  Ability to be modified

31 http://www.morningmystbotanics.com/images/pdf/distillationpdf/df4316.pdf Wet Wet-Dry Dry Steam Distillation

32 WetWet-Dry Steam Distillation Comparison  Cheapest  ✔  High  Simple  0.25%  Middle  ✔  -  Moderate  0.25% Dry  Most Expensive  ✔  -  Complex  0.08% Cost Feasible Fuel Req. Design Oil Yield  High  0.08% http://www.morningmystbotanics.com/images/pdf/distillationpdf/df4316.pdf

33 Wet-Dry Steam Concepts

34 Condenser  Steam/Oil Mixture must be condensed in order to separate oil from water.  Coil Bath Condenser  Length  Flow

35 Separate Oil  Water must be seperated from oil.  Immiscible fluids separate by density  Ways to separate include:  Manually drawing out oil using pipette  Seperatory Funnel

36 System Costs

37 Water Container Water Flow Solar Trough Steam Flow Plant Matter Container Condenser Oil/Steam Flow Water/Oil Separate by Density Water/Oil Mixture

38 Test Plan Outline TestRelated Engineering Requirement Heating/BoilingS2, S3, S19, S20, S21, S26 SteamingS4, S26 CondensingS26 Collector/SeparatorS5,S6,S26 Oil QualityS22, S23, S24, S25 Total SystemS1, S7, S8, S9 S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S17, S18

39  Heating/Boiler  Time to reach boiling  Continuous steam production  Total water boiled in 1 day  Steaming  Plant material capacity  Ensure steam passes through plant material  Check for pressure build up  Condenser  Steam flow rate  Input/output fluid temp  Operation over time Detailed Test Plan  Collector/Separator  Oil recovery rate  Oil Quality  Quality of store bought oil  Quality of distilled oil  System  Processing time  Ease of use  Area of exposed hot surfaces  Set up and repair tools required  Size and weight

40 We Have Vetiver!  6 sterile plants  Goal: have developed roots to test distillation process  Grown in College of Science Greenhouse

41 Project Management Updates  Added risks:  Vetiver dies  Solar trough does not provide enough energy  Solar tracking is too fragile  Lessons Learned:  Meeting plans are essential  Consult customer early on  MSD tools & templates may need to be adapted to fit the project

42 Next Steps (sub-system design)  Assign sub-system design owners  Identify sub-system interfaces  Determine appropriate dimensions  Select materials  Prepare for tests

43 Questions?


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