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Anatomy and Purpose of the Respiratory System Lack of Oxygen Video Intro Describe what you saw happen to the cell’s internal functions with the depletion.

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Presentation on theme: "Anatomy and Purpose of the Respiratory System Lack of Oxygen Video Intro Describe what you saw happen to the cell’s internal functions with the depletion."— Presentation transcript:

1 Anatomy and Purpose of the Respiratory System Lack of Oxygen Video Intro Describe what you saw happen to the cell’s internal functions with the depletion of oxygen. - What would the consequences be to the organism if the situation was acute (not long)? Explain - Would our body function properly if we had reduced oxygen flow? HINT: Think about what happens with Aerobic and Anaerobic Resp.

2 Group Discussion: Share your knowledge of how energy is created in the body. Share your knowledge of how energy is created in the body. Explain what you know about how the respiratory system works and how it can regulate energy creation. (Why, when and how do we breath?) (Why, when and how do we breath?) Human Lung Anatomy Video Human Lung Anatomy Video

3 The respiratory system consists of the respiratory tracts and the lungs.

4 Respiratory Tract Components Order of air passing through the tract: 1.Nasal Cavity 2.Pharynx 3.Larynx 3.Larynx http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=50EA330C-DFE3-4443-B142-111DD7DB0764&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US 4.Trachea 5.Bronchi Are there any organs shared by different shared by different organ systems? organ systems?

5 Components of the Lungs 1.Primary Bronchus (largest) 2.Secondary Bronchus 3.Tertiary Bronchus (smallest) 4.Bronchiole 5.Alveoli

6 Alveoli: The Exchanger. The alveoli are tiny sacs that allow O 2 to enter each sac, and CO 2 to leave each sac. Red = Oxygenated Red = Oxygenated blood. blood. Blue = Deoxygenated Blue = Deoxygenated blood blood

7 Alveoli  Tiny, thin-walled, grapelike clusters at the end of each bronchiole  Surrounded by capillaries  Where exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen (via diffusion) takes place.  Singular – alveolus  There are millions!

8 Pleura  A double membrane that lines the lungs and adheres to the walls of the rib cage Diaphragm Dome shaped muscle between the chest and the abdomen that the body uses for breathing

9 Why O 2 and CO 2 ? 1.We need carbs (glucose) for “fuel”. 2.Fuel needs to be oxidized to release energy. (Oxygen is bonded with the molecules) (Oxygen is bonded with the molecules) 3. The carbohydrate molecule rearranges itself to create different molecules. (C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 = 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + Energy) (C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 = 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + Energy) 4. Energy is released, and biproducts are discarded or reused. H 2 O reused, CO 2 released via lungs.

10 How does breathing work?  Breathing is an involuntary action meaning that it occurs without conscious thought  However, breathing is in fact controlled by a structure in the brain called the medula

11 Why does your breathing rate increase during and after exercise?  Physical activity requires increased energy production  Thus, your muscles must consume more O2 to release more energy  As a result of respiration, more CO2 is produced  The increased levels of CO2 in the blood flowing to your brain is a signal to the medulla to increase breathing rate  WHY?  To remove CO2 and replenish O2 at a faster rate

12 CO 2 O2O2 78 % Nitrogen 21 % Oxygen 1 % Other gases

13 Composition of Air Inhaled Air 78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 0.04% Carbon Dioxide <1% Other Gases Exhaled Air 78% Nitrogen 16% Oxygen 5% Carbon Dioxide <1% Other Gases

14 Gas Exchange with the Lungs

15 Gas Exchange- What is it?  Two gases, O 2 and CO 2 switch places  O 2 moves from the alveoli to the capillaries  CO 2 moves in the opposite direction, from the capillaries to the alveoli  This occurs by diffusion:  The movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration

16 Basic Diffusion Diagram

17 Diffusion of Carbon Dioxide  Blood arriving at the alveolus is deoxygenated:  Low in O2  High in CO2  The concentration of CO2 inside the alveolus is lower than in the cappilary  Thus, CO2 diffuses into the alveolus

18 Diffusion of Oxygen Diffusion of Oxygen  Blood arriving at the alveolus has a low concentration of O2  But air entering the alveolus has a high concentration of O2  Thus, O2 diffuses from the alveolus (high conc.) into the capillary (low conc.) Oxygenated blood leaving the alveolus

19 CELLULAR RESPIRATION CELLULAR RESPIRATION C 6 H 12 O 6 6 O 2 6 CO 2 6 H 2 O →+ + ENERGY Glucose Oxygen CarbonDioxide Water If all the elements, Carbon, Oxygen and Hydrogen can be counted for, where does the energy come from? The BONDS holding the molecules together! Crash Course: ATP and Respiration Video Crash Course: ATP and Respiration Video Lack of Oxygen Video Intro

20 Synergy Questions

21 Human Body Project


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