1. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 1 Bulk Collections and Inserts in Oracle 9i & 10g Simay Alpöge Next Information Systems, Inc.

2. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 2 AGENDA  Performance gains with Bulk Binding  Array processing with BULK COLLECT and FORALL  Error handling.  Native Dynamic SQL with Bulk binding.  Typical problems.  Oracle 10g FORALL improvements.

3. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 3 SQL DATA Context Switching Performance Gains with Bulk Binding PL/SQL Engine SQL Engine SQL Statement Executor Procedural statement Executor

4. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 4 Bulk Binding Categories  With SELECT or FETCH statements BULK COLLECT INTO  In-Bind binding. INSERT or UPDATE  Out-Bind binding. RETURNING clause

5. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 5 SELECT / FETCH statements Data may be Bulk Collected/Fetched into : Table.column%TYPE – 8i and above Record of arrays – 8i and above Table%ROWTYPE – 9.0.2.3 and above Cursor%ROWTYPE – 9.0.2.3 and above Array of records – 9.0.2.3 and above Nested tables – 8i and above

6. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 6 SELECT statement Table.column%TYPE DECLARE DECLARE TYPE cust_tab IS TABLE OF customer.customer_account_id%TYPE INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER; Custs cust_tab; BEGIN SELECT customer_account_id BULK COLLECT INTO custs BULK COLLECT INTO custs FROM customer WHERE effective_date BETWEEN TO_DATE(‘01-Jan-2004’,’DD-MON-RRRR’) AND TRUNC(SYSDATE); END;

7. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 7 FETCH statements Table.column%TYPE FETCH statements Table.column%TYPE DECLARE TYPE CustList IS TABLE OF Customer.Customer_Account_Id%TYPE INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER; Custs CustList; CURSOR c1 IS SELECT customer_account_id FROM Customer WHERE effective_date BETWEEN TO_DATE(’01-JAN-2004’, ‘DD-MON-RRRR’) AND TRUNC(SYSDATE); TO_DATE(’01-JAN-2004’, ‘DD-MON-RRRR’) AND TRUNC(SYSDATE);BEGIN OPEN c1; FETCH c1 BULK COLLECT INTO Custs; CLOSE c1; CLOSE c1;END;

8. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 8 DECLARE TYPE CustRec IS RECORD (R_Customer_Account_id Customer.Customer_Account_id%TYPE, R_Effective_date Customer.Effective_Date%TYPE, R_Effective_date Customer.Effective_Date%TYPE, R_Expired_date Customer.Expired_Date%TYPE); R_Expired_date Customer.Expired_Date%TYPE); v_Custrec CustRec; v_Array_Size NUMBER := 100; CURSOR c1 IS SELECT Customer_Account_Id, Effective_Date, Expired_Date FROM Customer; BEGIN OPEN c1; LOOP FETCH c1 BULK COLLECT INTO v_Custrec.R_Customer_account_id,v_Custrec.R_Effective_Date, v_Custrec.R_Expired_Date LIMIT v_Array_Size; END LOOP; CLOSE c1; END; FETCH statement: Record of Arrays

9. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 9 SELECT statement Table%ROWTYPE DECLARE TYPE Cust_tab IS TABLE OF Customers_Active%ROWTYPE; Custs Cust_tab; BEGIN SELECT Customer_Account_Id, Effective_Date, Expired_Date BULK COLLECT INTO Custs BULK COLLECT INTO Custs FROM Customers_Active WHERE Effective_date BETWEEN TO_DATE(’01-JAN-2004’, ‘DD-MON-RRRR’) AND TRUNC(SYSDATE); END;

10. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 10 FETCH statement CURSOR%ROWTYPE DECLARE CURSOR c1 IS SELECT Customer_Account_Id, Effective_Date,Expired_Date FROM Customer FROM Customer WHERE Effective_Date BETWEEN TO_DATE(’01-Jan-2004’, ‘DD-MON-RRRR’) ANDTRUNC(SYSDATE); TYPE Cust_tab IS TABLE OF C1%ROWTYPE; Custs Cust_tab; BEGIN OPEN c1; LOOP LOOP FETCH c1 BULK COLLECT INTO Custs LIMIT 100; EXIT WHEN c1%NOTFOUND; EXIT WHEN c1%NOTFOUND; END LOOP; END ;

11. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 11 FETCH statement: Array Of Records DECLARE TYPE CustRec IS RECORD (R_Customer_Account_id Customer.Customer_Account_id%TYPE, R_Effective_Date Customer.Effective_Date%TYPE, R_Effective_Date Customer.Effective_Date%TYPE, R_Expired_Date Customer.Expired_Date%TYPE); R_Expired_Date Customer.Expired_Date%TYPE); TYPE CustRecTab IS TABLE OF CustRec; Cust_Recs CustRecTab; v_Array_Size NUMBER := 100; CURSOR c1 IS SELECT Customer_Account_Id, Effective_Date, Expired_Date FROM Customer; BEGIN OPEN c1; FETCH c1 BULK COLLECT INTO Cust_Recs LIMIT v_Array_Size; CLOSE c1; CLOSE c1;END;

12. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 12 FETCH statement Nested Tables CREATE TYPE Coords AS OBJECT (x NUMBER, y NUMBER); CREATE TABLE grid (num NUMBER, loc Coords); INSERT INTO grid VALUES(10, Coords(1,2)); INSERT INTO grid VALUES(20, Coords(3,4)); DECLARE TYPE CoordsTab IS TABLE OF Coords; pairs CoordsTab; BEGIN SELECT loc BULK COLLECT INTO pairs FROM grid; -- now pairs contains (1,2) and (3,4) END;

13. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 13 In-Bind Binding DECLARE CURSOR c1 SELECT Customer_Account_Id, Effective_Date,Expired_Date FROM Customer FROM Customer WHERE Effective_Date BETWEEN TO_DATE(’01-Jan-2003’, ‘DD-MON- RRRR’) And TO_DATE(’01-Jan-2004’, ‘DD-MON-RRRR’); TYPE Cust_tab IS TABLE OF C1%ROWTYPE; Custs Cust_tab; BEGIN OPEN c1; LOOP LOOP FETCH c1 BULK COLLECT INTO Custs LIMIT 100; END LOOP; END LOOP; FORALL i IN 1.. Custs.COUNT SAVE EXCEPTIONS INSERT into Customer_History VALUES Custs (i); ….

14. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 14 FORALL Error Handling No more FULL rollback in case of an EXCEPTION  SAVE EXCEPTIONS  SQL%BULK_EXCEPTIONS – Collection of records  SQL%BULK_EXCEPTIONS(i).ERROR_INDEX – stores itireration when exception is raised.  SQL%BULK_EXCEPTIONS(i).ERROR_CODE - stores Oracle error code.

15. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 15 Typical Problems FORALL limitations  SINGLE DML (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) statement is allowed.  No IF condition within FORALL.  For multi table INSERT/UPDATE use WHEN clause instead of IF condition.  No DBMS_OUTPUT or other OUTPUT statements within FORALL.  No SELECT.. BULK COLLECT within FORALL statement.

16. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 16 Out-Bind binding DECLARE TYPE AcctTab IS TABLE OF Acct_Install.Customer_Account_id%TYPE; Acusts AcctTab; Acusts AcctTab;BEGIN DELETE FROM Acct_Install WHERE INSTALL_DATE = TRUNC(TO_DATE(’01-jan-1970’,’DD-MON-RRRR’) RETURNING Customer_Account_Id BULK COLLECT INTO Acusts; END;

17. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 17 NATIVE Dynamic SQL EXECUTE IMMEDIATEEXECUTE IMMEDIATE FORALLFORALL RETURNING INTORETURNING INTO USINGUSING COLLECT INTOCOLLECT INTO %BULK_ROWCOUNT - cursor attribute shows total cumulative execution.%BULK_ROWCOUNT - cursor attribute shows total cumulative execution.

18. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 18 NATIVE Dynamic SQL DECLARE TYPE CustList IS TABLE OF NUMBER; TYPE NameList IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(15); Custnos CustList; Custnames NameList; BEGIN Custnos := CustList(1,2,3,4,5); FORALL i IN 1..5 EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'UPDATE Customer SET Cust_Name = TRIM(Cust_name) WHERE Custno = :1 RETURNING Cust_Name INTO :2' USING Custnos(i) RETURNING BULK COLLECT INTO Custnames;... END;

19. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 19 Oracle 10g FORALL Indices of – When binding area contains gaps Values of – Subset of element selection in the array

20. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 20 Oracle 10g FORALL VALUES OF DECLARE TYPE CUST_IDS IS TABLE OF CUSTOMER.CUSTOMER_ID%TYPE; TYPE PHONE_NOS IS TABLE OF CUSTOMER.PHONE_NBR%TYPE; TYPE EDATES IS TABLE OF CUSTOMER.EFF_DATE%TYPE; TYPE EXPDATES IS TABLE OF CUSTOMER.EXPIRED_DATE%TYPE; TYPE A_INDX IS TABLE OF PLS_INTEGER INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER; EXPIRED_CUSTS A_INDX; ACTIVE_CUSTS A_INDX;

21. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 21 Oracle 10g FORALL VALUES OF (Continue) CUSTID CUST_ID; PHONES PHONE_NOS; EFFDTS EDATES; EXPDTS EXPDATES; V_IBINARY_INTEGER BEGIN SELECT CUSTOMER_ID, PHONE_NBR, EFF_DATE, EXPIRED_DATE BULK COLLECT INTO CUSTIDS, PHONES, EFFDTS, EXPDTS; FROM CUSTOMER WHERE Effective_Date BETWEEN TO_DATE(’01-Jan-2003’, ‘DD-MON-RRRR’) And TO_DATE(’01-Jan-2004’, ‘DD-MON-RRRR’); END; END;

22. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 22 Oracle 10g FORALL VALUES OF (Continue) FOR v_i IN CUSTIDS.FIRST.. CUSTIDS.LAST LOOP IF FN_EXPIRED THEN EXPIRED_CUSTS (V_I) := v_i; ELSE ACTIVE_CUSTS(V_I) := v_i; END IF; END LOOP; BEGIN FORALL V_ I VALUES OF EXPIRED_CUSTS SAVE EXCEPTIONS INSERT INTO CUSTOMER_HISTORY VALUES (CUSTIDS (V_I), PHONES(V_I), EFFDTS(V_I), EXPDTS(V_); FORALL V_ I VALUES OF ACTIVE_CUSTS SAVE EXCEPTIONS INSERT INTO CUSTOMER_ACTIVE VALUES (CUSTIDS (V_I), PHONES(V_I), EFFDTS(V_I), EXPDTS(V_); COMMIT;END;

23. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 23 Questions

24. April 14, 2004 Next Information Systems 24 THANK YOU dbasig@nyoug.org alpoge@nextinfosys.com