1. CANEUS / IEEE ‘Fly – by – Wireless’ Workshop University of Maine Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation presented 26 August 2010 by Peter Eggleton Consultant in International Science and Technology Cooperation TELLIGENCE Group St-Lambert, Quebec, Canada

2. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Scope of Presentation: Why Cooperate Internationally Guiding Principles for Cooperation Significance of Agreements / Examples Cooperation Arrangements Issues that Arise During Cooperation Overcoming Challenges

3. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Why Cooperate Internationally Inter-disciplinary sophistication requires capabilities beyond those in one group, company or country; Sharing use of test facilities and costs / risks; Facilitate the understanding of foreign market cultures as prelude to long-term market-entry strategy; As basis for staying competitive; Foreign policy / reciprocity considerations.

4. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Guiding Principles in Cooperation Pre-competitive Research and Technological Development; Generally Undertaken within Framework of a Treaty-level Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology; Undertaken in Consortia having Partners from two or more Countries, and Guided by a ‘Consortium Agreement’ for IP; Each Partner is ‘Jointly and Severally’ Responsible; Each Partner must seek its Own Funding.

5. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Significance of Inter-Governmental Agreements for International Research Cooperation In each country, Advanced R&D pursuits are generally funded from government programs having ‘restrictions and conditions’; Advanced R&D / Innovation pursuits are generally ‘guarded’ for competitive reasons.

6. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Significance of Inter-Governmental Agreements for International Research Cooperation (cont’) The Bottom Line: -Facilitate privileged interaction with foreign Research and Development pursuits; Facilitate researchers to access own national funding to link with international partners.

7. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Inter-Governmental S&T Cooperation Agreement Types  Bi-lateral Treaty-level Agreements between countries or sovereign entities  Multilateral Agreements (as with ESA, CERN)  Third-country Agreements (as with the European Union Framework RTD Programs)  Cross-border, Agency-to-agency Agreements

8. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Inter-Governmental S&T Cooperation Agreement Examples European Commission has cooperation agreements with several non-European ‘Third Countries’, e.g. Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, India, Israel, Japan, Korea Mexico, New Zealand, Russia, South Africa, U.S.A. Researchers from these countries can join EU-lead consortia submitting proposals to the European Commission’s Framework RTD Program (FP7)

9. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation European Union’s Seventh Framework Program on Research and Technological Development (FP7) 7-year duration, 2007 – 2013 Euro 50 billion, most of which cost-shared 50:50 Cooperation — Collaborative research (61% budget)Cooperation Ideas — Frontier research actions (14%)Ideas People — Human Potential, Marie Curie actions (9%)People Capacities — Research capacities (8%)Capacities Euratom — Nuclear research and training (5%)Euratom Joint Research Centre (3%)Joint Research Centre http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/home_en.html

10. European Commission Proposed Cooperation with Canada in Aeronautics R&D

16. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation

17. ISTPCanada Announces Six New Canada-Brazil R&D Projects that Provide More Than 60 Companies with a Competitive Edge in Global Markets SMEs Pool Expertise and Leverage Bilateral Partnerships to Accelerate the Application of New Technologies in Life Sciences, ICT and Renewable Energy Press Release International Science and Technology Partnerships Canada (ISTPCanada) today announced six new Canada-Brazil R&D projects and Partnership Development Activities (PDAs) with a total value of $3.7 million. Engaging more than 60 companies across the two countries, these bilateral initiatives aim to stimulate joint R&D and business collaboration in life sciences, information and communications technologies and renewable energy. By combining the expertise and experience of Canadian and Brazilian SMEs and established corporations, these projects promise to accelerate the development and commercialization of new technologies, open new markets for participating companies, and spur economic development in both countries.

18. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Issues that Arise for Cooperation Hesitancy of Top Management to deal with Foreigners; Centralized versus De-Centralized Programs in N.A. Compatibility of Timing of Availability of Funding; Short Duration of N.A. Funding Support / Annual Calls; Increased Administrative Time / Effort Required; Most N.A. R&D Funding is for Innovation (IP Issues); Identifying Appropriate Candidate Foreign Partners; Assigning Researchers Sensitive to Foreign Cultures.

19. Opportunities, Issues and Challenges in International Cooperation Overcoming Challenges Promote that International Cooperation is ‘OK’; Link Cooperative Research Effort with Long-Term Goals of Company, Institution or Funding Agency; Pay Attention to Clarity in Communications/Coordination; Increased Person-to-Person Contact is Preferable; Budget for Increased Time and Travel Expenses; Plan Communications to Accommodate Time Zones; Ensure the Consortium Agreement Document Addresses Handling of Intellectual Property and Proprietary Data – and that Organization’s Lawyer is ‘Managed’; Involve Interpreter to Facilitate Mutual Understanding.

20. Thank You TELLIGENCE Group is currently a Partner in the European Commission DG Research 3-year project ‘Access2Canada’, the aim of which is to increase EU researchers linking into Canadian S&T programs. European Partners are: APRE / Italy (leader) Agenzia per la Promozione della Ricerca Europea DLR / Germany Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt Institut Pasteur / France Canadian Partners are: International Commerce Associates (Frank Deeg) Public Knowledge Canada (Garth Williams) TELLIGENCE Group (Peter Eggleton)