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KING ANCESTORS IN EASTERN EUROPE. KING ANCESTORS IN POLAND Altho ugh Poland in now aligned primarily with Eastern Europe, historically it was tied closely.

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Presentation on theme: "KING ANCESTORS IN EASTERN EUROPE. KING ANCESTORS IN POLAND Altho ugh Poland in now aligned primarily with Eastern Europe, historically it was tied closely."— Presentation transcript:

1 KING ANCESTORS IN EASTERN EUROPE

2 KING ANCESTORS IN POLAND Altho ugh Poland in now aligned primarily with Eastern Europe, historically it was tied closely to Scandanavia, Germany, and the Holy Roman Empire As a result of those ties, multiple marriages occurred connecting the nobility of England and Scotland to the nobility of Poland Poland first emerged as a political entity in the 10 th century under Mieszko I (32nd GGF of A E King Sr), founder of the Piast Dynasty Mieszko I adopted Christianity in 966 Boleslaw I the Brave (34 th GGF of A E King Sr) succeeded his father He expanded his territory to include Kiev, Russia, and his sword carried a dent created by beating it against the gate of Kiev Mieszko II (33rd GGF of A E King Sr) lost most of what his father had gained His successor/son Casimir I (32nd GGF of A E King Sr) was such a failure he was forced out of the country, but was restored with support from the Holy Roman Emperor

3 KING ANCESTORS IN POLAND Wladyslaw I Herman (31st GGF of A E King Sr) claimed the throne after his older brother, Boleslaw II the Bold, murdered the Bishop of Krakow in 1079 His successor, Boleslaw III the Crooked Mouth (30th GGF of A E King Sr) expanded Poland’s holdings to encompass Pomerania He made a mistake common among other rulers – he tried to divide Poland amongst his sons following his death Wladislaw II the Exile (29 th GGF of A E King Sr) became Duke of High Poland but was expelled from Poland after blinding and muting his brother with molten lead Dobrawa of Bohemia (32nd GGM of A E King Sr), wife of Mieszko I, she converted him, and much of Poland, to Christianity

4 KING ANCESTORS IN RUSSIA Ancestors in Russia were limited to the area of Kiev in western Russia, an area which traditionally interacted with Poland, Germany, and the eastern European countries In 1051 Henry I of France married Anne of Kiev (26 th GGM of A E King Sr) linking French ancestors to the nobility of Kiev Anne was the daughter of Yarislov I the Wise, Czar of Kiev (27 th GGF of A E King Sr) Anne was not impressed with France, writing home that France was “a barbarous country where the houses are gloomy, the churches ugly and the customs revolting” Following Henry I’s death she married Ralph III of Valois, who had divorced his wife to marry her, earning both excommunication by the Pope Anne’s 3 rd great-grandfather was Rurik (31st GGF of A E King Sr) a Varangian chief who consolidated the rule of most of Kiev His descendants were the ‘Rurikids’ of Rus Kiev

5 KING ANCESTORS IN RUSSIA Rurik was followed by Igor (30th GGF of A E King Sr) who besieged Constantinople (Byzantium) twice, but failed to take the city In a lesson most politicians have failed to learn, he was killed by the Drevlians in 945 while trying to impose taxes upon them The Drevlians bent two trees to the ground, ties his feet to them, then released them, pulling him in half during the ensuing launch Olga of Kiev (30th GGM of A E King Sr), wife of Igor, sought revenge by slaughtering thousands of Drevlians, placing them in ships that were then set afire Olga was the first Rus to convert to Christianity, for which she became St Olga Following Olga’s death her son (Sviatoslov I Igorevich (39th GGF of A E King Sr) became Grand Prince of Kiev He died in battle against the Pechenegs who sided with the Byzantine emperor

6 KING ANCESTORS IN RUSSIA His son, Vladimir Sliatoslovavich the Great (28th GGF of A E King Sr) fled Kiev In the civil wars that followed his father’s death Vladimer fled the country, then enlisted the aid of Haakon Sigurdsson, King of Norway (30th GGF of A E King Sr) to retake his land On his return trip, Vladimir stopped to ask Prince Rovgolod for his daughter in marriage When the prince refused, Vladimir killed the prince and kidnapped the daughter Vladimer was a religious thinker – he rejected Islam because he liked alcohol and pork -- he rejected Jews because they had lost Jerusalem, indicating their god was not a warrior god – he settled on Christianity because he could drink and fight Despite his shortcomings, the Golden Age of Kiev began with him

7 KING ANCESTORS IN RUSSIA Vladimir the Great’s son was Yarislov I the Wise (27 th GGF of A E King Sr), father of Anne of Kiev To become Czar of Kiev, Yaraslov defeated his father in battle, then killed all of his brothers

8 KING ANCESTORS IN AUSTRIA The area of Austria was settled early on by Bavarian settlers, who were then displaced by Charlemagne (36th GGF of A E King Sr) Tassilo III (40th GGF of A E King Sr) was the last of the Bavarian (Agilofling) rulers of Austria, leaving the door open for expansion of the Avars and Magyars In 976 Leopold I the Illustrious (34 th GGF of A E King Sr) began the task of retaking Austria from the Magyars Adalbert the Victorious (33rd GGF of A E King Sr) continued the wars with the Hungarians and Moravians In 1082 Leopold II (31st GGF of A E King Sr) was defeated by the Bohemians under Vratislav II (32nd GGF of A E King Sr) His son, Leopold III (30th GGF of A E King Sr) reclaimed lands, much of which he gave to the church, later being canonized as Saint Leopold

9 KING ANCESTORS IN HUNGARY Hungary first came into existence when the Slavic Magyars began to organize in the 9 th century, filling the void left by the fall of the Roman Empire In 895 Almos I of Hungary (39 th GGF of A E King Sr) defeated the Bulgars, only to have them regroup and crush his forces Almos I, having failed to lead his people, was sacrificed to the gods by them Arpad of Hungary (38 th GGF of A E King Sr) greatly expanded Magyar holdings in Hungary His grandson, Prince Taksony (36 th GGF of A E King Sr) was crushed by German forces under Otto I the Great (33rd GGF of A E King Sr) in 955 Taksony’s grandson, Basil (Vazul) (34 th GGF of A E King Sr) plotted to assassinate his cousin, Stephen I, but failed, and wound up with his eyes gouged out and his ears filled with molten lead, earning him the name ‘Vasul the Blind’

10 KING ANCESTORS IN HUNGARY Following Vasul’s death his son Bela I (28th GGF of A E King Sr) fled to Poland, where he married Richenza of Poland (28th GGM of A E King Sr), daughter of Mieszko II (29 th GGF of A E King Sr), creating one of many ties between the Hungarians and Poles Another son, Andrew I (33rd GGF of A E King Sr) fled to Russia, where he married Anastasia of Kiev (33rd GGM of A E King Sr), daughter of Yaroslov the Wise of Kiev (34 th GGF of A E King Sr) and creating one of many ties between the Hungarians and Russians Andrew I reclaimed the throne, only to be overthrown by Bela Bela died when his throne’s canopy collapsed on him, and he was followed by his son, Geza I (28th GGF of A E King Sr) Geza’s brother, Ladislaus I (27th GGF of A E King Sr), solidified Christianity in Hungary, earning his sainthood as St Ladislaus, Patron Saint of Architecture

11 KING ANCESTORS IN HUNGARY In addition to achieving sainthood, Ladislaus I added Croatia to his holding, and reclaimed land taken by the Byzantine Emperor, Alexios I (27th GGF of A E King Sr) Bela II the Blind (26 th GGF of A E King Sr) claimed the throne in 1131, despite having been blinded by his uncle, later to die from alcohol intoxication (the original blind drunk) Geza II (25 th GGF of A E King Sr) followed his father During his reign King Louis VII of France (27 th GGF of A E King Sr) and Eleanor of Aquitaine (27 th GGM of A E King Sr) were hosted in Hungary as they passed through on their way to a disastrous Crusade Bela III (24th GGF of A E King Sr) married a French princess, and the chivalrous culture of France was brought to Hungary Andrew II the Jerusalemite (22 3rd GGF of A E King Sr) followed Bela III Faced with rebellion from the Church and his subjects, he found his power severely weakened His death marked the last connection of the King family to the rulers of Hungary

12 KING ANCESTORS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC The Czech Republic emerged from the ancient kingdom of Bohemia Early Bohemia was ruled by the Premesyl Dynasty, beginning with Premesyl the Ploughman (43rd GGF of A E King Sr) around 700, a poor peasant who married a princess of Prague – Libusa (43rd GGM of A E King Sr) Premesyl was followed by his descendants, the Seven Princes of Bohemia, beginning with Nezamesyl (42nd GGF of A E King Sr) and ending with Hostivit (36 th GGF of A E King Sr) Borijov I, Duke of Bohemia (35 th GGF of A E King Sr ) was the first ruler of Bohemia documented in contemporary records Borijov converted Bohemia to Christianity in 883 and was baptized by St Methodius Borijov’s wife, Ludmila ze Psova (35 th GGM of A E King Sr) was venerated as St Ludmila for the conversion of Bohemia that followed her conversion The Catholic Church gave Ludmila the responsibility for resolving conflicts with in-laws, and probably does not rest in peace

13 KING ANCESTORS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Vratislav I (34 th GGF of A E King Sr) succeeded Borijov as Duke of Bohemia He founded St George’s Basilica in Prague and the city of Wroclaw in Poland Vratislav died in 921 and was succeeded by his son Wenceslaus (Good King Wenceslaus – 37th great-granduncle of A E King Sr) In 935 Wenceslaus’ brother, Boleslav I the Cruel (33rd GGF of A E King Sr) invited Wenceslaus to the Feast of Saints Cosmos and Damien, and had him murdered as he traveled to the church Boleslav II the Pious (35 th GGF of A E King Sr) followed Boleslav I and was at war with Poland, conquering Silesia Vratislaus II (34th GGF of A E King Sr) became the first king of Bohemia in 1085 In 1241 Wenceslaus I (23 rd GGF of A E King Sr) withstood an invasion of Bohemia by the Mongols King Premesyl Otakar II (22 nd GGF of A E King Sr) was called the ‘King of Gold and Iron’ because of his military successes

14 KING ANCESTORS IN TURKEY The city of Byzantium (Constantinople), an ancient city of the Greek Empire, became home to the Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Roman Empire Following the fall of the Roman Empire, Byzantium continued as a religious and political center Because of its location and political/religious importance, it was a focal point of many of the Crusades and Muslim invasions In the 11 th century Alexios I Comnenos (27th GGF of A E King Sr) was faced with invasions from the Seljuk Turks and Arabs, launching the First Crusade During the Crusades that followed, Europeans flocked to Byzantium and Antioch, marrying with the Byzantines and creating ties from the King family back to the Byzantines

15 KING ANCESTORS IN TURKEY Theodosius I the Great (53rd GGF of A E King Sr) was the last emperor to rule over the entire Roman Empire Upon his death in 395 the empire was divided between his two sons, creating an Eastern Empire in Byzantium and a Western Empire in Rome Theodosius I made Nicene Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire Arcadius (47 th GGF of A E King Sr) followed Theodosius I, to be followed by Theodosius II the Younger (46th GGF of A E King Sr) Theodosius II constructed the Theodosian wall around the city of Byzantium His reign was plagued by attacks from Attila the Hun Basil I the Macedonian (34 th GGF of A E King Sr) connected the King line through a different lineage

16 KING ANCESTORS IN TURKEY Basil I was a commoner who served as bodyguard to the Emperor, only to succeed him after assassinating him Leo VI the Wise (33rd GGF of A E King Sr) followed Basil I Leo’s daughter, Anna of Byzantium (32nd GGM of A E King Sr) married Louis, Duke of Provence (32nd GGF of A E King Sr), creating one of many ties between Byzantium and Europe In 860 Byzantium saw its first attack from Russia in the form of Prince Igor of Kiev (30th GGF of A E King Sr) In 957 Igor’s widow, St Olga (30th GGM of A E King Sr) was baptized in Constantinople In 971 John I Tzimisces (36 th GGF of A E King Sr) managed to gain control over the Russians and the Bulgars, bringing the Roman Empire of Byzantium to a level equivalent to that of the Western Empire in the 4 th century

17 KING ANCESTORS IN TURKEY Isaac Komnenos was the first of the Komnenos Emperors of Constantinople Without heirs, he was followed by his nephew, Alexios I Komnenos (27th GGF of A E King Sr) Alexios I appeal to Pope Urban for assistance against the Muslims, leading to the first Crusade (planned at the castle of William V of Aquitaine (31 st GGF of A E King Sr) with Pope Urban Bohemond Guiscard (26 th GGF of A E King Sr) was one of many Normans responding to the Pope’s call Bohemond took the city of Antioch from the Turks, but opted to keep it for himself rather than returning it to Alexios, eventually leading to war between the two His actions were followed by Fulk V d’Anjou (26 th GGF of A E King Sr) who took back Jerusalem, then named himself King of Jerusalem

18 KING ANCESTORS IN TURKEY John II Komnenos (26th GGF of A E King Sr) followed Alexios and made substantial gains against the Turks and the Crusaders, eventually bringing the Crusaders back to his side Alexios III Angelos (25 th GGF of A E King Sr) saw the slow disintegration of the Byzantine Empire He became emperor after blinding his brother and imprisoning him Crusaders gained the city of Constantinople, with Baldwin of Flanders (23rd GGF of A E King Sr) naming himself King of Constantinople By the start of the 14 th century Constantinople had fallen to the Muslims for the last time, becoming part of the Ottoman Empire


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