1. Working on Schedule – II of Companies Act, 2013
Depreciation ©

2. Major Scripts
Depreciation is charged on Life basis rather than SLM & WDV method
There will be change in policy if it is calculated on Life basis.
There is a concept of Scrap value as it was in SLM basis, its treatment.
If the value of assets is still there then it is to be adjusted with the retained earning.
And those assets which have the value, then they will be treated as same as written in the act i.e. as per remaining life period.
If any assets has been purchased during the year, then it will be treated as per pro rata basis.
If there is any asset which cannot be taken jointly into consideration then they are to be calculated separetly. ©

3. Explanations ©

4. Policy that will change
For change in accounting policy, provision contained in Accounting Standards-5 “NetProfit or Loss for the Period, Prior Period Items and Changes in Accounting Policies” as well as AS-6 “Depreciation Accounting” both are required to be taken into consideration.
What about the scrap value?
It has clearly written in the act that , “after retaining the residual value, shall be recognised in the opening balance of retained earnings”, so scrap value will be retained as it is, till it is not sold.
Ordinarily, the residual value of an asset is often insignificant but it should generally be not more than 5% of the original cost of the asset ©

5. If any assets is purchased during the period?
If the value of assets is still there then it is to be adjusted with the retained earning
It has clearly written in the act that , “shall be recognised in the opening balance of retained earnings where the remaining useful life of an asset is nil” and it has also been taken into consideration that if the retained earnings then it will be added to the loss value i.e. increase the loss value. As it is done with current year loss, which is added with the previous year loss.
What about assets having life remaining?
The assets which have remaining life (as per the schedule) shall be depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset as per this Schedule
If any assets is purchased during the period?
As per the act (Note no. 2) “Where, during any financial year, any addition has been made to any asset, or where any asset has been sold, discarded, demolished or destroyed, the depreciation on such assets shall be calculated on a “pro rata basis” from the date of such addition or, as the case may be, up to the date on which such asset has been sold, discarded, demolished or destroyed.”
It means that the calculation should be made on days basis, not on month or year basis. ©

6. For jointly held assets
As per the Act, “Useful life specified in Part C of the Schedule is for whole of the asset. Where cost of a part of the asset is significant to total cost of the asset and useful life of that part is different from the useful life of the remaining asset, useful life of that significant part shall be determined separately.”
So, every assets will be calculated seperately via its own nature

7. Schedule –II has been divided into three Parts as:

8. Justification in this behalf has to be supported by technical advice
Part A-
Depreciation is a systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life.
The useful life of an asset shall not be longer than the useful life specified in Part C.
Residual value shall not be more than 5% of the original cost of the asset.
Where a company uses a useful life which is different from the limits in Part C or uses a residual value different from the limit specified above justification for the difference shall be disclosed in its financial statement.
Justification in this behalf has to be supported by technical advice
For intangible assets, the provision of accounting standards applicable for the time being in force shall apply except for toll roads for which method is prescribed in the Schedule. ©

9. Nature of asset and their useful life
Part B-
The useful life and residual value of any specific asset, as notified for accounting purposes by a Regulatory Authority constituted under an Act of Parliament or the Central government shall be applied in calculating the depreciation to be provided for such asset irrespective of the requirement of this Schedule.
Part C-
Nature of asset and their useful life
No extra shift depreciation of certain assets.
For double shift- 50% more for no. of days worked
For triple shift – 100% more
This requirement is voluntary for FY but mandatory thereafter. ©

10. Comparative rates- Factory building
Schedule II
Schedule XIV
Useful life Years
SLM rate – %
WDV rate %
WDV rate %
SLM rate %
Useful life years ©

11. Comparative rates- temporary structure
Schedule II
Schedule XIV
Useful life Years
SLM rate %
WDV rate %
SLM rate %
WDV rate %
Useful life year ©

12. Comparative rates- P & M (General rate)
Schedule II
Schedule XIV
Useful life Years
SLM rate %
WDV rate %
SLM rate %
WDV rate %
Useful life years ©

13. Some Examples

14. Revision of depreciation rates
If the life is pending:
Useful life of machinery (under Sch XIV) yrs
Useful life of machinery (under Sch II) yrs
Cost of machinery (installed on ) Rs. 5,00,000
Depreciation applied under Sch. XIV- SLM %
Per year depreciation Rs. 23,750
WDV as on 1/4/ Rs.3,81,250
Remaining useful life under Sch II as on yrs
Dep. rate for remaining useful life –SLM %
Per year depreciation Rs. 35,625 ©

15. Date of addition of P & M
Rate of depreciation
(SLM)
7.125%
7.06%
7.03%
6.96% ©

16. If there is 1 year life left:
Useful life of machinery (under Sch XIV) yrs
Useful life of machinery (under Sch II) yrs
Cost of machinery (installed on ) Rs. 5,00,000
Depreciation applied under Sch. XIV- SLM %
Per year depreciation Rs. 23,750
WDV as on 1/4/ Rs.1,67,500
Remaining useful life under Sch II as on yr.
Dep. rate for remaining useful life –SLM %
Depreciation for Rs. 1,42,500 ©

17. If there is no life left:
Useful life of machinery (under Sch XIV) yrs
Useful life of machinery (under Sch II) yrs
Cost of machinery (installed on ) Rs. 5,00,000
Depreciation applied under Sch. XIV- SLM %
Per year depreciation Rs. 23,750
WDV as on 1/4/2014 (after 18 yrs) Rs. 72,500
Remaining useful life under Sch II as on Nil
Amount to be debited to opening balance
of surplus account Rs.47,500 ©