1. Diabetes is a Family Affair Diabetes and Your Feet Presented by:

2. Diabetes Fast Facts  Close to 21 million people or 7 percent of the population living in the U.S. has diabetes  14.6 million people diagnosed  6.2 million people undiagnosed

3. Diabetes and the African- American community  3.2 million or nearly 13percent of all African-Americans aged 20 years or older have diabetes  25 percent of African-Americans between the ages of 65 and 74 are affected  It’s the 4th leading cause of death among the African-American community.  One in four African-American women over 55 years of age has diabetes.

4. What is Diabetes?  Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin being produced, causing the body to improperly use sugar.

5. Types of Diabetes  Type 1  Type 2  Gestational

6. Who’s at risk? Type 2  Ethnicity plays a large factor. Being of African -American, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian-American, Pacific Islander or Hispanic- American/Latino descent increases a person’s risk.  Being overweight or obese.  Having a family history of type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes is a risk factor.

7. Type 2 Characteristics  Most common form of diabetes  Usually found in adults 40 years and older  Becoming more common in young people due to inactivity and the rise in obesity  About 90 to 95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes

8. Type 2 Symptoms  Frequent infections  Blurred vision  Cuts and bruises that are slow to heal  Tingling or numbness in hands and feet  Recurring skin, gum or bladder infections

9. Signs and Symptoms Warning signs in the feet:  Redness  Numbness  Swelling  Cold to touch  Inflammation

10. Treating Type 2  Because type 2 diabetes is often brought on by being overweight, it can normally be controlled by a combination of good nutrition, exercise, blood glucose monitoring and/or oral medications.

11. Diabetes Impact on the Feet  If not properly treated, diabetes can lead to many foot complications:  Ulcers are a breakdown of skin on the foot that is difficult heal and often leads to infection.  Neuropathy causes numbness, burning or tingling and diminishes sensation in the feet.  Amputations occur as a result of foot wounds and ulcers that do not heal.

12. Prevalence of Lower- limb Amputations  Diabetes is the cause of more than 60 percent of the non-traumatic lower-limb amputations in the U.S.  Amputation rates can be reduced by 45 percent to 85 percent simply by having a comprehensive foot care program.

13. Importance of Early Detection  A simple foot exam can reveal the first signs and symptoms of diabetes, and identify more serious complications that could potentially lead to lower-limb amputations.

14. Diabetes Is a Family Affair  Since it can be genetic, the disease can impact entire families.  APMA’s campaign encourages patients to “knock their socks off” during regular checkups to have their feet checked for signs and symptoms of the disease.

15. For More Information  For more information or to locate a local APMA podiatric physician, visit www.apma.org and click on “find a podiatrist.” www.apma.org  Visit www.apma.org/diabetes to download campaign materials. www.apma.org/diabetes