1. Session 2 Welcome to Hungary!  Hungary through the Arts 2
Cultures of Europe I
Session 2
Welcome to Hungary! 
Hungary through the Arts 2

2. The Baroque
Maria Theresa ( ) as Queen of Hungary

3. Baroque architecture free, symmetrical arrangement graceful shapes
semi-circularheaded windows
regular subdivisions of the façade and the interior
blended shapes
Péterffy Palace, 1756 (Pest)
18th-century parish church (Jászberény)

4. Baroque architecture and sculpture
open areas
sequence of chapels
curved walls
marble columns
blind arches
sculpted texture of surfaces
Interior of the Paulite Church (Pest)
Black Virgin High Altar, Paulite Church (Pest)
devotional paintings and sculptures – Virgin Mary
sculpture-frame
angelic figures
detailed drapery
gilded statues and picture-frame

5. Literature Miklós Zrínyi (1620-1664)
poet, prose-writer, politician, military leader
best-known work: The Peril of Sziget
after the classical tradition

6. arose in secular culture, but also established itself in ecclesiastic art
unfolding classicizing taste
construction of public buildings:
free-form arrangements
interiors dominated by a wealth of playful decorations, curvilinear partitioning elements
whimsical ornamentation, exotic motifs
cycle of frescoes in the interior
Late Baroque – Rococo
Sala terrana of the Esterházy Palace,
Late Baroque historical painting → scenes from Hungarian history
renders the 1566 siege of the Fort of Szigetvár , when its defender Miklós Zrínyi met his death

7. Nineteenth-century Hungarian art
Classicism
early 19th century
order and hamony  education
libraries, art collections, museums
the art of classical antiquity was the fundamental orientation for Classicism
ideas of urbanism and urban planning in architecture
Ferenc Kazinczy ( )
István Ferenczy, Sheperdess
(The Origin of the Fine Arts),
a leading thinker of the time, lay emphasis on art and aesthetics, on the preservation and renewal of national culture
one of the best-known works of Classicism in Hungary
no single main view

8. Neo-Palladian architecture in Hungary
symmetry
proportion , volume, human shape
classical Orders
rich sculptural decoration

9. 19th-century folk literarture and Romanticism in Hungary
Sándor Petőfi
János Arany
Sándor Petőfi ( )
one of the best-known Hungarian poets
the Hungarian landscape, the issues of the Hungarian folk and folk mythology are central to his poetry
János Arany ( )
born into the world of folk, he sought to reveal this world in his art
After the Revolution, he turned towards historical themes, sought to give insight through the interpretation of these
Ferenc Kölcsey ( )
the author of the „National Anthem” of Hungary (1823)
longing for the unknown was the main direction of his poetry, the exploration of the mystery of existence
Mihály Vörösmarty ( )
one of the initiators of the Romantic movement in Hungarian literature
the theme of myths and legends marks a dominant strain of his art
author of Szózat, “Appeal” (1836)
Ferenc Kölcsey
Mihály Vörösmarty

10. The 19th-century portrait
Bertalan Székely, Self-Portrait, 1860
Fülöp László, Pope Leo XIII, 1900

11. A double portrait
Henrik Weber, The Composer Mihály Mosonyi and his Wife, 1840’s

12. Historical painting
Mihály Zichy, The Triumph of the Genius of Destruction, 1878
Eugene Delacroix, The Twenty-eight of July: Liberty Leading the People, 1830

13. The 19th-century landscape
Károly Ferenczy, Church, 1903
László Paál, Path in Fontainebleau Woods, 1876
Miklós Barabás, Venice, Twilight, 1830’s

14. 19th-century architecture
Miklós Ybl, The Opera House, 1884
Frigyes Feszl, The Vigadó (Municipal Concert Hall),
Ludwig Förster, The Dohány Street Synagogue,

15. Representatives of Hungarian music Zoltán Kodály Ferenc Erkel
Béla Bartók

16. References:
Andrea Palladio,” at the homepage of The Royal Institute of British Architects. Retrieved from
Palladio/AndreaPalladio/PalladiosBuildings/PalladiosBuildings.aspx
Szerb, Antal. Magyar irodalomtörténet. [The History of Hungarian Literature.] Budapest: Magvető, 1972.
Bellák, Gábor et. al, A Thousand Years of Art in Hungary. Budapest: Corvina,
Essential Humanities . Retrieved from humanities.net/western-art/western-architecture/baroque- architecture/

17. polytheism and monotheism
Home assignment:
Please, look up the following words in an English-language dictionary:
god
polytheism and monotheism
Old Testament
New Testament