1. Globalization of the Natural Environment Chapter 6 Lecture 1

2. u u When did you first become aware of environmentalism?

3. u u When did you first become aware of population growth as an issue for our times?

4. Quality of Life in the Global Village u u 60 PEOPLE WOULD CONTROL HALF THE TOTAL INCOME u u 500 PEOPLE WOULD BE HUNGRY u u 600 PEOPLE WOULD LIVE IN SHACKS u u 700 PEOPLE WOULD BE ILLITERATE World Development Forum

5. Globalization of the Natural Environment Concerns u u Use of natural resources u u Globalization of disease u u Natural disasters u u Growing population u u Growing consumption

6. Use of Natural Resources u u Global commons – –air, water, atmosphere, space u u Species u u Land and resources of the earth such as oil or coal

7. Global Diseases u u AIDS, SARS, flu u u Tuberculosis u u Malaria; dengue fever; West Nile, Ebola u u Childhood diseases, e.g., measles, pertussis

8. Natural Disasters u u Floods u u Earthquakes u u Hurricanes u u Extreme heat or cold u u Volcanos

9. Global Pressures on the Natural Environment u u Growing world population, especially in developing economies – –Stresses the carrying capacity of the earth u u Increased consumption – –Stimulated by desire more than need – –Causes urbanization – –Results in diseases of affluence u u Industrialization

10. Earth is a Closed System Two quite different visions emerge when examining natural resources —each has different implications for businesses

11. From the “Boom” Vision of the Future u u Business as usual F F Because growth occurs with: – –Stable population growth – –New technologies

12. The “Doom” Vision of the Future u u Global disaster – –Disappearing forests and land; resource degradation, weather changes; spread of disease – –Growing population, sense of inequity leading to terrorism, immigration

13. Sustainable Development u u The “middle” position between Boom/Doom u u Defined as development that ensures a viable future for others

14. Sustainable Development u u Resolve tensions between consumption and growth u u Poor nations should not adopt development models of the richer nations u u Richer nations must alter lifestyles u u Income maximization must be revised to favor human opportunity

15. Business and Sustainable Development u u entirely eliminate waste from industrial production u u change from an economy based on carbon to one based on hydrogen and sunshine u u reverse the pattern of production and consumption (Hawken, 1993)

16. Motivations for Businesses to be Environmentally Responsive u u It’s the right thing to do u u Cost reductions u u Profit objectives u u Loss prevention u u External pressures

17. External Pressures u u Local/National activities such as protests, laws u u IGOs: regional and multilateral – –EU – –Over 150 world environmental treaties u u NGOs – –Greenpeace, Oxfam, ZPG, Friends of the Earth u u Consumers

18. Business Activities/Programs with Environmental Impact u u Reduction of use u u Recycling and reuse u u Remanufacturing u u Voluntary compliance with global standards – –ISO 14000 u u Participation in global groups – –CERES – –Global Compact – –World Summit

19. Consumer Activities u u Green consumption u u Recycle/reuse u u Socially responsible investing u u Consume less u u NGO/government activism

20. It’s Our Shared Earth; How do We Preserve it? u u Let’s look at how one nation is doing this to assess: – –Tradition in each sector (business, government, civil society) – –Changes that occurred in each sector