1. Links Between East Asian Markets And Russian Salmon Fisheries R. C. Kirkpatrick Regional Director TRAFFIC East Asia based on a study by Shelley Clarke Imperial College London Market Incentives for Salmon Conservation Portland, Oregon 13 November 2007 Chinook salmon. K. Schafer / WWF Canon.

2. Summary The trade East Asia gets most of Russia’s salmon exports -- Sockeye to Japan -- “Other” (Pink & Chum) to China Japan is end consumer, China is processor Models for sockeye suggest IUU of 50-90% (two models, independent data, similar results) Recommendations Better regulate import/export Provide & encourage consumer choice Traceability is key issue Chinook salmon. K. Schafer / WWF Canon.

3. Modeling ‘Excess Catch’ Note: Assumes reported catch is legal and accurate; this is minimum estimate Excess Catch = Salmon reported caught Salmon reported in trade Methods Salted Russian sockeye in Sapporo market. S. Clarke.

4. Methods Two versions of model ‘Import model’ for East Asia ‘Market model’ for Japan Note: Focus on sockeye Data sets for ‘Import’ & ‘Market’ are independent Catch Input 2: The quantity of sockeye caught in Russian waters Input 1: The quantity of sockeye caught in Russian waters by the Russian fishery Import: The quantity of sockeye imported to East Asian markets Market: The quantity of sockeye represented in the markets of Japan TradeCatch Import: The quantity of sockeye imported to East Asian markets Market: The quantity of sockeye represented in the markets of Japan Trade Import Sockeye imported to East Asia Catch1 Sockeye caught in Russian waters by Russian fishery Catch2 Sockeye caught in Russian waters Market Sockeye found in the markets of Japan

5. Results – Import Model Russian Sockeye Imported by East Asia - 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 2002 - Catch 1 2002 - Import 2003 - Catch 1 2003 - Import 2004 - Catch 1 2004 - Import 2005 - Catch 1 2005 - Import 2006 - Catch 1 2006 - Import mt sockeye 20022003200420052006 Catch1 = Sockeye caught in Russian waters by Russian fishery Import = Sockeye imported to East Asia Results Model with high variance for imports Imports higher than catches Statistically significant in 2005 Strongly suggestive in 2003, 2004 Each year, ‘import’ more than ‘catch’

6. Results – Market Model Russian Sockeye in Japan Markets - 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 2002 - Catch 2 2002 - Market 2003 - Catch 2 2003 - Market 2004 - Catch 2 2004 - Market 2005 - Catch 2 2005 - Market mt sockeye 2002200320042005 Results Model with high variance for markets Market amounts higher than catches Statistically significant in 2003, 2004 and 2005 Catch2 = Sockeye caught in Russian waters Market = Sockeye found in Japan markets Each year, ‘market’ more than ‘catch’ Note! Different models, similar results!

7. Results – Japan Japan Imports from Russia ~30,000 mt in 2006 Imports of Russian wild salmon are only 4-5% of Japan’s total salmon market Imports of frozen Russian sockeye are 45-55% of Japan’s sockeye market Russian imports Other imports Chum catch Inventory Pink set-net catch Drift net catch Japan farmed Coho Japan’s Salmon Market

8. Results – China Imports from Russia Imports, not Russian China’s Salmon Imports (‘Other,’ not Sockeye) China Imports from Russia ~50,000 mt in 2006 Russia’s share of salmon imported from China grown from 15 to 35% in five years China processes 23% of global wild-caught salmon (estimate)

9. Recommendations Better regulate import/export Coordination group of importing authorities Transparency in bonded warehouses NPAFC expand remit (& China should join) Encourage consumer choice Enhance traceability systems (labeling systems, both government & industry) Turn eco-labeling to market advantage Convince consumers in Japan, USA & Europe to make a difference MSC-certified Alaskan salmon in Japan. S. Clarke.

10. Summary The trade East Asia gets most of Russia’s salmon exports -- Sockeye to Japan -- “Other” (Pink & Chum) to China Japan is end consumer, China is processor Models for sockeye suggest IUU of 50-90% (two models, independent data, similar results) Recommendations Better regulate import/export Provide & encourage consumer choice Traceability is key issue Chinook salmon. K. Schafer / WWF Canon.

11. Read the Full Report! Clarke, S. (2007). Trading Tails: Linkages between Russian Salmon Fisheries and East Asian Markets. TRAFFIC East Asia, Hong Kong, 120 pp. Download at: www.traffic.org

12. Links Between East Asian Markets And Russian Salmon Fisheries R. C. Kirkpatrick Regional Director TRAFFIC East Asia based on a study by Shelley Clarke Imperial College London Market Incentives for Salmon Conservation Portland, Oregon 13 November 2007 Chinook salmon. K. Schafer / WWF Canon.