1. So, What’s Aging? 1 1 Aging is a shift in our reality! So What’s Reality? Created by Dr. Edward Lakatta, Dr. Harold Spurgeon, and Dr. Victor Maltsev

2. Reality emerges from a mutually coupled (enslaved) system of DNA and its environment DNA Environment 2

3. Sun, planets, Moon, asteroids, Sputnik O 2, CO 2, smoke Geographic, climate, radiation, pollutions, gravity Traditions, Religion, “Mandates” Friends, Relatives, Pets, Plants, Bacteria, Viruses Soma, Psyche, and emergent characteristics: Personality, Cognition, Innate Brain, Behavior, Lifestyle, Nutrition, Exercise Organ-to-organ communication: Brain-Nerves, Cardiovascular– circulation, Endocrine-circulating goodies Extracellular matrix Organelles, mitochondrial DNA, microRNA Chromatin, Transcription factors, HATS, HDACS Heredity 3 Reality Is A System of Mutually Enslaved DNA and its Environment DNA

4. 4 Aging is a constellation of failures in DNA-Environment system over time Failing Interactions  Signals  Sensing of Signals  Signal Transmission  Response to Signals  Proteostasis Energy rundown

5. Aging is: A constellation of DNA-Environment system Failures over time, that result in Altered Cell Tissue and Organismal Phenotype Characteristics Cells Tissues Organs Organism Images from Mechanisms of Aging 5

6. SO! Is Aging, per se, A Disease? 6

7. “Aging and disease are not synonymous. There are processes of aging and etiologies of disease. The relationship between the two are important, but not inevitable” Nathan Shock, Ann. Rev.Physiol. 1961 7

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9. “... to draw a distinction between disease and normal aging is to attempt to separate the undefined from the undefinable” J.G. Evans, Research and The Aging Population 1988 9

10. What’s Reality? So

11. THIS is REALITY!