1. Cardiovascular System
Lecture 17
Cardiovascular System
The Heart

2. Size, Shape, Location of the Heart
Size of a closed fist
Shape
Apex: Blunt rounded point of cone
Base: Flat part at opposite of end of cone
Located in thoracic cavity in mediastinum
Fig. 22.2

3. Pericardium
Fig. 22.3

4. External Anatomy Four chambers Auricles Major veins Major arteries
2 atria
2 ventricles
Auricles
Major veins
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary veins
Major arteries
Aorta
Pulmonary trunk
Fig. 22.5

5. External Anatomy
Fig. 22.5

6. Heart Valves Atrioventricular Semilunar Chordae tendineae
Tricuspid
Bicuspid or mitral
Semilunar
Aortic
Pulmonary
Chordae tendineae
Papillary muscles
Fig. 22.6

7. Heart Valves Tricuspid valves Bicuspid valves
Pulmonary semilunar valves
Aortic semilunar valves

8. Location of Heart Valves
Clinical View, pg. 664

9. Function of the Heart Valves
Fig

10. Function of the Heart Valves
Fig

11. Review Question
Damage to the mitral valve could result in an inefficient flow of blood from the _____________ to the _________________.
Pulmonary trunk to right ventricle
Right atrium to right ventricle
Left ventricle to aorta
Right ventricle to left ventricle
Left atrium to left ventricle

12. Blood Flow Through Heart
Fig

13. Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation
Fig

14. Points to Remember
Heart is size of a closed fist and located in mediastinum beneath rib cage
Heart is enclosed in pericardium with pericardial fluid
Heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles
Valves control flow of blood within and out of heart
Heart is part of dual circuits for flow of blood - systemic and pulmonary

15. Questions?