1. Agriculture and Rural Land Usage
13-17% of AP test
Megan, Hannah, Lauren, Ari

2. Neolithic Revolution Facts Effects
Was the first (of three) agricultural revolutions
Vegetative planting was first form of plant cultivation then seed agriculture
Progression of hunting and gathering societies to settled agricultural ones
Domestication of plants especially food crops such as wheat, maize, sorghum and rice depending on region. Animals such as sheep and pigs were also dominated.
Earliest evidence of the revolution appears in Mesopotamia around 10,000 b.c
Hearths of vegetative planting: Southeast Asia, West Africa, South America
Hearths of seed agriculture: Western India, North China, and Ethiopia
Rise of settled agricultural societies led to creation of cities
Led to increased birth rates
Shift in matriarchal and patriarchal roles
Specialization in technology such as metallurgy increased

3. Industrial Revolution
Effects
Facts
Migration from rural to urban areas led to creation of factories that manufactured agricultural goods
Efficient forms of transportation like the steamship and railway allowed framers to ship goods at a lower cost
2nd agricultural revolution that occurred from 18th-19th c.
First began in the England
Transition to machine based society increased efficiency of agricultural production
Inventions included the seed drill, improved iron plow, and the threshing machine
Agriculture shifted from subsistence to commercial agricultural economy

11. Von Thunen's
Model

12. ASSUMPTIONS: It is an isolated agricultural region
It is homogeneous in soil and climate and has no rivers or mountains to interrupt the terrain (completely flat)
Agricultural region is served by a single market
Central place functions to sell and consume agricultural products
City is centrally located in the isolated state
Farmers will allocate land to it’s highest and best use (most profitable function)
Transportation costs are linear and proportional to distance in all directions and all farmers transport their own goods

14. http://people. hofstra. edu/geotrans/eng/ch6en/conc6en/sectornuclei

15. Agricultural systems associated with major bio-climatic zones
This concept is best displayed in the map by
Derwent Whittlesey, shown in Figure 10-5 in your text book.
This map allows for basic understanding of the link between agriculture and climate zones. But take caution when applying to modern day, a modern version of this map has not been created.

17. Vocab and Important People of
Unit 5: Agriculture
Norman Borlaug (check out
Michael Pollan
Agribusiness
Capital-intensive Agriculture
Extensive agriculture ( pastoral nomadism/ shifting cultivation)
Intensive Cultivation
Feed lots
Planned Agricultural economy
Specialty crops
Urban Sprawl
And most of all TRANSHUMANCE!!!
Check out the College Board site for comprehensive Unit overviews. Also see for quizzes over the chapter (be sure to look at the chapter names rather than number, because this site is for the 8th edition).

18. Helpful Hints Study!!! Know agricultural models
Be able to contrast and compare land use models
Know differences of agricultural practices of LDCs and MDCs, as well as climate regions
Be able to describe each agricultural revolution in detail

19. & Interesting Articles
Helpful Websites
& Interesting Articles
Released FRQ’s on agriculture: (particularly question number 3)
for useful statistics