1. DNA
Replication

2. What do you already know? Here are some questions to guide you:
What does “replication” mean?
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?
Where in the cell is DNA located?
What is the function of DNA?
DNA
Replication

3. Did You Know… Chromosomes are made of DNA Humans have 46 chromosomes
One chromosome can have as little as 50 million base pairs or as much as 250 million base pairs.
There’s an estimated 3 billion DNA bases in our genome.
If all the DNA in your body was put end to end, it would reach to the sun and back over 600 times !

4. Chromosomes!

5. Did You Know… DNA contains the genes – directions for making proteins
Chimps share 98% of their genes with humans
Over 99% of our DNA sequence is the same as other humans’.

6. Vocabulary DNA replication Nucleus Double helix Nucleotide
DNA copies itself
Holds DNA
2 strands of DNA twisted together
Building blocks of DNA
A, T, C, G
Make up the “backbone”
Mistakes in replication
DNA replication
Nucleus
Double helix
Nucleotide
Nitrogen bases
Phosphate and Sugar
Mutation

7. What is DNA?
DNA is a molecule that contains all of the instructions for making new cells or organisms
Stored in the nucleus (Eukaryotes only)
Gene – segment of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA

8. What is DNA made of? DNA is made up of nucleotides
Nucleotides are made up of 3 parts:
Sugar: deoxyribose
Phosphate
Nitrogen base: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C)

9. What does DNA look like? Double helix shape
Two strands twisted around each other
If you unwrap all the DNA you have in all your cells, you could reach the moon 6000 times!

10. Base Pairing Adenine (A) ALWAYS pairs with Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C) ALWAYS pairs with Guanine (G)

11. Stop and Think
A scientist determines the percentages of each base in a molecule of DNA. The scientist discovers that 15% of the bases are adenine (A).
What are the percentages of the other bases in this DNA molecule?
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
15%
35%

12. DNA Replication (A.K.A. DNA Synthesis)
DNA replication is the process of making a DNA copy that is identical to the original DNA molecule.
All cells need to make new DNA in order to make new cells

13. DNA Replication Original DNA strand 2 identical DNA strands
DNA strand unwinds and unzips
(Enzyme Helicase)
Bases match up
(Enzyme DNA Polymerase)
2 identical DNA strands

14. http://www. youtube. com/watch

15. Lab Bench
Group Members 1 2
Demorie, Sean, Owen 3
Aniijah, Destiny, Hana 4
Gracie, Linh, Seanna, Kate 5
Nick H., Trevor, Arthur 6
Gawen, Logan, Jermaine, Emily F. 7
Estefany, Emily B., Lillian AB
Michael, Alfredo, Gustavo