1. Mozart: “Symphony No. 40 in G minor Area of Study 1

2. Sonata form – a very basic overview
Exposition
Development
Recapitulation
Nice music which includes two contrasting melodies (subjects)
Composer gets creative – subjects are played but in lots of different ways
Pretty much a repeat performance of the first section – a welcome return to the music at the start.

3. Sonata Form – a basic overview
Exposition
Recapitulation
1st
subject
2nd
Development

4. Sonata form – an overview
Exposition (repeated)
Recapitulation
1st
Subject
Tonic key
Bridge passage
Where the key change (modulation) happens
2nd
In a different key
Development
Composer develops the two subjects in many different ways.
A repeat from before
This section happens but no key change this time
This time , this subject is also in the tonic key

5. Sonata in more Detail Exposition Development Recapitulation
Two contrasting themes
1st Subject: G minor
2nd Subject: Bb major
Bridge Passage
Codetta
Section is repeated
No new ideas
Develop ideas mainly from the 1st subject but also 2nd subject
Exploration of different keys not heard in exposition
Avoidance of tonic/ dominant keys
Ideas from exposition repeated
Bridge passage extended
The coda is a further development of the 3 note from the 1st subject
2nd subject remains in tonic as piece needs to end in tonic key

6. The mood of the whole piece/ each section
1st and 2nd subject have contrasting themes:
1st Subject:

7. The mood of the whole piece/ each section
2nd Subject

8. The mood of the whole piece/ each section
The development of the 1st subject

9. The mood of the whole piece/ each section
Fast tempo
Serious and dramatic
Exciting
Dramatic G minor key
1st subject being dominated by strings section
2nd subject, pathètique mood - dialogue between woodwind and strings

10. The purpose of the exposition
The main purpose of the exposition is to expose the main themes
The first theme: First subject
Bridge Passage
The second theme: Second subject

11. Analysis Section Sub section Detail Exposition Development
1st Subject (bars 1-28)
G minor
No introduction
1st idea bars 1-9
2nd idea bars 9-14
1st 3 notes repeated motif
Sequence
Dominated by strings
Bridge Passage (bars 28-43)
Modulates to the relative major (Bb)
More chromatic
Woodwind provide harmonic filling in texture
Horns enter
Descending sequence from strings
2nd Subject (bars 44-72)
Bb major
Theme shared by strings and woodwind
Swap parts from bars & 52-58
Mood – graceful pathetique – chromatic descent: grief & sadness
1 bar sequences
Chromatic passages
Codetta (72-100)
Modulates from Bb major to G minor
Based on 3 note motif
Homophonic texture (bars )
Imitation (Clarinets and Bassoons)
Canon between upper and lower strings (bars 73-88)
Development
Bars
Based on 3 note motif in 1st subject
Chromatic harmony
Woodwind provide chordal harmonic support – thickens texture
Constant exploration of keys!

12. Section Sub section Detail Recapitulation 1st Subject (164-184)
G minor (exactly the same as exposition)
Bridge Passage ( )
Still in tonic key
Extended to 51 bars
Structural balance to form & extended ideas
Bass counter-melody against theme (bars )
Modulates to different keys but comes back to the tonic
2nd Subject ( )
Played in tonic key
Like the exposition
1 bar sequences
Coda ( )
3 note motif passed between Woodwind
Imitation
Homophonic texture

13. Possible Questions
In what century was this piece of music composed?
What style is this piece of music written in?
Comment on how Mozart uses the following musical elements in No.40 in G minor:
Instruments
Melody
Dynamics
Tonality and Harmony
Form and Structure
Remember to use correct musical vocabulary where appropriate

14. Mozart: “Symphony No. 40 in G minor Area of Study 1