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The Present Subjunctive
Español 3 Capítulo 7 Página
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The Subjunctive Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.
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Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood.
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Espero que tú obtengas una A en tu prueba.
The Subjunctive Espero obtener una A en mi prueba. Vs. Espero que tú obtengas una A en tu prueba.
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The Subjunctive We use it to say what one person: asks hopes tells
insists requires someone else to do something. The subjunctive is not fact/it did not happen yet.
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WIERD Wish Emotion Impersonal Expressions Requests
Doubt (of existence or of occurrence)
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The Subjunctive A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que (meaning that). For example:
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The Subjunctive Quiero que tú estudies I want you to study.
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2 Clauses Ella sugiere que tú estudies Español
Independent clause (stands on its own) Subject > Verb Separated by the word “que” Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own) Begins with the word “que.” Subjunctive Verb Indicative Verb
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1st subject – Indicative
The Subjunctive 1st subject – Indicative + QUE 2ND Subject – Subjunctive
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The Subjunctive We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands.
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Decir (when it means tell) Esperar Exigir Insistir en Pedir Querer
Words that would indicate the subjunctive (you will find these in your main clause) Decir (when it means tell) Esperar Exigir Insistir en Pedir Querer Recomendar Sugerir
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The Subjunctive We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.
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For -ar verbs: e, es, e, emos, éis, en For -er/-ir verbs:
The Subjunctive For -ar verbs: e, es, e, emos, éis, en For -er/-ir verbs: a, as, a, amos, áis, an
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Votar – to vote vote votes votemos votéis voten
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Prometer– to promise prometa prometas prometamos prometáis prometan
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Recibir – to receive reciba recibas recibamos recibáis reciban
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The Subjunctive The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands and Ud./Uds. commands.
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As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive.
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Verbs that have a go in the yo present indicative form
caerse decir hacer poner salir tener traer
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Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
hacer hag-o haga tener teng-o tenga
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Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound.
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Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
buscar busco busque pagar pago pague cruzar cruzo cruce
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Ger infinitives Escoger Coger Exigir Recoger Escoger Coger Exigir
Remember there are some where the yo form the g changes to a j. Escoger Coger Exigir Recoger Escoger Coger Exigir Recoger Escoja Coja Exija Recoja Escoja Coja Exija Recoja
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Stem Changing verbs Keep the stem for all –ar and –er verbs except in the nosotros form. Ex. Cierre, cerremos -ir infinitives the nosotros form e-i, o-u even if the other forms have ie and ue. sienta, sintamos, duerma, durmamos
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