1. What Is Life? Chapter 1 Characteristics of Living Things
Life Comes From Life
Needs of Living Things
Living, Non-living & Dead

2. Characteristics of Living Things: All living things…
Are made of cells.
Have the Chemicals of Life.
Use Energy.
Are able to grow and develop.
Will respond to a stimulus.
Are able to reproduce.

3. Cellular Organization
Cells: The basic unit of structure and function in an organism.
Organism: A living thing that shares all of the characteristics of living things.
Unicellular: single celled organisms (bacteria)
Multicellular: Many celled organisms

4. Chemicals of Life Water (most abundant) Carbohydrates (energy source)
Proteins & Lipids (building materials)
Nucleic Acids (genetic material)

5. Carbohydrates: The main source of energy for living things.
Sugar and starch
Fruits

6. Proteins: Eggs, meat, fish, beans, nuts and poultry.
Made up of Amino Acids.
Needed for the growth and repair of body structures.
Hair and muscles.
Provide energy.

7. Nucleic Acids: The blue prints of organic chemicals. Large compounds.
Help to make proteins.
DNA and RNA are Nucleic Acids.

8. Energy Use:
Metabolism: The chemical reactions performed by a living organism. Needed for growth, to store energy, and repair cells.
Ingestion: How a living thing takes in or produces food.
Digestion: The process of breaking down food into simpler substances.

9. Energy continued:
Respiration: The process of a living thing taking in food to produce energy.
Excretion: The removal of waste products.

10. Response:
Stimulus, (Stimuli: plural): The signals to which an organism reacts.
Response: The action or movement or change caused by a stimulus.

11. Growth & Development Growth: the process of becoming larger.
Development: the process of change that occurs during an organism’s life to produce a more complex organism.

12. Reproduction:
Sexual Reproduction: requires two parents. Most multicellular organisms reproduce this way.
Asexual Reproduction: reproduce with only one parent. Bacteria, yeast and some plants reproduce this way.

13. Changing an old theory:
Spontaneous Generation: Before the 1600’s people believed that life could spring from non-living things.
Francesco Redi: an Italian doctor in 1668 helped to disprove Spontaneous Generation.

14. Louis Pasteur Mid-1800’s French Chemist
Proved that Spontaneous Generation was not true.
He compared bacterial growth in boiled and un-boiled broth.
Pasteurization

15. Needs of Living Things:
Food
Water
Living Space
Stable Internal Conditions

16. Food
Autotroph: a kind of living thing that can make it’s own food. Auto means “self” and troph means “feeder”.
Heterotrophs: a kind of living thing that cannot make their own food. Hetero means “other”. They must obtain energy by feeding on others.

17. Stable Internal Conditions
Homeostasis: To maintain a stable internal condition. Organisms must be able to keep the conditions inside their bodies stable, even when conditions in the surroundings change.

18. Living Things:
Have all 6 characteristics of living things or have the potential to (seeds).
Cells
Chemicals of Life
Use Energy
Respond to their surroundings
Grow and Develop
Reproduce

19. Non-living Things:
Do not have all of the 6 Characteristics of living things. It may have some, but not all!
It may never have been alive (rock), OR
It may have been alive once (tree), but went through a chemical or physical process and was changed (chair).

20. Dead: It once was alive, but no longer is.
It may still have cells or chemicals of life, but they no longer function.

21. Created by Mrs. Scibelli Science Explorer From Bacteria to Plants
The End
Created by Mrs. Scibelli
Science Explorer From Bacteria to Plants