2. Why are big, fierce animals rare?

4. Producer Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Plant HerbivoreCarnivore Dead matter Detritivore Carnivore

5. Producers Secondary Consumers Primary Consumers Grass Rabbit Fox Dead leavesOak leaves Mouse A Food Web… Worm Owl

7. Calculate… The photosynthetic efficiency. Gross primary production. Net primary production. Percentage transfer to food chains.

8. Why are big, fierce animals rare?

9. Autotrophic Use inorganic carbon to produce complex biomolecules. Photoautotrophic Chemoautotrophic Producers in communities.

11. Heterotrophic Use organic carbon to produce complex biomolecules. Herbivore Carnivore Detritivore Saprophyte Parasite Symbiont Consumers in communities

14. Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll which.. Is oxidised and the electrons pass between proteins in the thylakoid membranes, Generating ATP and… Reducing NADP while… Photolysis of water supplies H ions and electrons to replace the ones lost from chlorophyll.

15. Ribulose bi-phosphate reacts with carbon dioxide… To make GP which is reduced by NADP and ATP… To produce a carbohydrate – triose phosphate which… May be converted to other carbohydrates or… Used to regenerate ribulose bi-phosphate (needing some ATP).

16. Glucose is phosphorylated with ATP and… Splits into a 3C sugar which… Is oxidised to Pyruvic acid… Reducing NAD and generating… Some ATP. This is in cytoplasm.

17. The pyruvate loses a C as carbon dioxide and… Reacts with coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A which… Enters the mitochondria and react with a 4C intermediate to… Form a 6C acid which is oxidised in a series of steps until the 4C intermediate is remade… This produces reduced NAD, FAD and some ATP.

18. The reduced coenzymes are oxidised by… Electron transport proteins in the cristae which… Pass the electrons along a chain and generating… Lots of ATP until… The H ions and electrons are picked up by oxygen producing water.