1. Need for and prevalence of separate guidelines List of substances: Ba, Cu, CN -, F -, Ni, Phenol, V ( cadmium evaluated, default SCTL protective of acute tox too ) Ingestion rate: 10 grams one event ( 50x default ) Review of tox values to be used Bioavailability: Assumed 100% Acute Toxicity SCTL Issues Draft Copy Subject To Change

2. Need / Prevalence Pica behavior recognized, but acute exposure harm? FL sites can be driven by acute tox values ( e.g., Ba ) Other states/federal/international guidance – CA ( HHSLs don’t include acute exposure ) – MA ( CN - only ) – MN ( Ba, Cu, CN -, F -, Phenol ) – NY ( As, Ba, Cd, Cu, CN -, Ni, Naph, Penta, Phenol ); cites FL as basis – USEPA ( RSLs do not address acute exposure ) – Canada ( CN - only ) Regulation of other media ( GW, SW ) does not single out extreme outlier population Draft Copy Subject To Change

3. List of Chemicals CN - and phenol have reasonable basis in tox Tox of Ba, Cu, F -, Ni, V lacks good foundation Endpoints for some are ambiguous, transient, reversible; should have real hazard potential Same substances present in dietary, commercial products at higher levels Draft Copy Subject To Change

4. Ingestion Rate 10 gram, single event existing assumption – Historical support as infrequent acute exposure – More indicative of extreme pica or geophagy Frequency of events ( e.g., 33% may ingest 10g 1-2 times per year ), often cited but weakly supported Calabrese et al. (1997) cites 200 mg/day protects 95% of children 1 to 5 gram range for pica recommendation (2011 EFH, 2008 Child EFH, CalEPA 2012, literature) Draft Copy Subject To Change

5. Toxicological Guidance RfD acute values developed from human studies RfD acute for some substances set very close to acceptable dietary recommendations Large soil bolus alone may cause adverse effects Existing dose/response from nonsoil exposures Majority of effects gastrointestinal, transient Draft Copy Subject To Change

6. Bioavailability Chemical-specific, but defaults to 100% Limited or no literature for most chemicals Other default recommendations ( e.g., 50% MADEP ) Single acute exposures beg question: Are there no reports of effect because toxins unavailable Draft Copy Subject To Change