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Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership1 WEBCAST: West Virginia Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Permit July 13, 2010.

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Presentation on theme: "Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership1 WEBCAST: West Virginia Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Permit July 13, 2010."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership1 WEBCAST: West Virginia Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Permit July 13, 2010

2 http://www.cwp.org/cbstp Created to deliver targeted training on new tools and practices to improve the quality of stormwater runoff.

3 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership3 Welcome to the Webcast:  To Ask a Question – The lower left-hand corner of the screen contains a chat box. Click on the “Private” tab and then on “Leaders and Assistants”. Place your cursor in the chat box to type your question and click on the arrow to submit it. We will try to answer as many questions as possible during the webcast.  To Answer a Poll Question – Polling questions will appear throughout the webcast. To answer a poll question, click on the radio button to the left of your answer and click submit. Do not type your answer in the chat box.  To Adjust How the Slides Appear on Your Screen – On the top of your screen, click on the small down arrow next to the button that looks like Scroll down to “Zoom” and click on “Auto Fit.”

4 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership4 Welcome to the Webcast  To Complete the Webcast Survey – After the webcast, we will have a short multiple choice survey to get feedback on your experience. Please take a few minutes to fill the survey out so we can identify areas for improvement.  Continuing Education Credits (CEC’s) – We are offering CEC’s) as described in the VA professional licensing regulations, or Professional Development Hours (PDH’s) as described in the WV licensing regulations. The Partnership will provide Certificates of Completion that provide the description and duration of the training event to all attendees for whom we have email addresses.  Resources – After the webcast, we will email a resources sheet, speaker contact information, and the presentation.

5 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership5 Webcast Team David Hirschman, CWPJulie Schneider, CWPJoe Battiata, CWP Sherry Wilkins, WV DEPJeremiah Johnson City of Beckley, WV

6 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership6 Webcast Overview  West Virginia’s MS4 Permit (Sherry Wilkins)  Watershed Protection Elements (Julie Schneider)  Site and Neighborhood Design Performance Standards (Joe Battiata)  Local Implementation (Jeremiah Johnson)

7 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership7 WEST VIRGINIA’S SMALL MS4 PERMIT An OVERVIEW Sherry Wilkins MS4 program coordinator for the WV DEP

8 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership8 West Virginia’s small MS4 permit  Issued on June 22, 2009  Applies to all regulated small MS4s in the State (WV does not have any medium or large MS4’s)  Includes two transportation agencies, four universities, one correctional institution

9 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership9 WV’s permit contains six minimum control measures as required by Federal Rule; 1.Public Education & Outreach 2.Public Involvement 3.Illicit Discharge Detection & Elimination 4.Construction Site Runoff Control 5.Controlling Runoff from New Development 6.Pollution Prevention & Good Housekeeping

10 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership10 5. Controlling Runoff from New Development and Redevelopment

11 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership11 Controlling Runoff from New and Redevelopment  Watershed Protection Elements These are elements that will be incorporated into a subdivision ordinance and other applicable policy documents. These could include comprehensive or master plans, general land use plan, zoning code, unified development code, or other documents as appropriate. Site and Neighborhood Design These are site design standards – applicable to new development and redevelopment. There are no provisions in the permit to retrofit existing development.

12 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership12 Watershed Protection Elements  Minimize the amount of impervious surfaces.  Preserve and protect ecologically sensitive areas ie: riparian corridors, headwaters, floodplains and wetlands  Implement stormwater management practices that reduce thermal impacts to streams  Avoid hydromodification  Implement tree protection standards  Implement policies to protect native soils

13 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership13 Watershed Protection Element – Minimize the amount of impervious surfaces.

14 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership14 Site and Neighborhood Design A. Performance Standards B. Plan Review, Approval and Enforcement C. Maintenance Agreements D. Inventory and Tracking of Management Practices E. Stormwater BMP Inspections F. Reporting

15 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership15 Site and Neighborhood Design  Site design standards require the management of the first one inch of rainfall from a 24 – hour storm preceded by 48 hours of no measurable precipitation. Runoff volume can be achieved by canopy interception, soil amendments, evaporation, rainfall reuse, engineered infiltration, extended filtration and/or evapotranspiration.

16 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership16 Bioretention, rain tanks or cisterns, permeable pavement, soil amendments, roof top disconnections, dry swales, grass channels, green roofs and any practice that will infiltrate, reuse or evapotranspire runoff.

17 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership17  The first one inch of rainfall must be managed on site with no discharge to surface water except….

18 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership18 …When using extended filtration practices Bioretention with an underdrain, which must be designed to capture one inch of rainfall.

19 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership19

20 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership20 Extended Filtration or Bioretention with underdrain

21 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership21 Incentives – Desirable development  Redevelopment  Brownfield redevelopment  High density (>7 units per acre)  Vertical density, (FAR of 2 or >18 units per acre)  Mixed use and transit oriented development  For each type of development, a 0.2” reduction is available, up to a reduction totaling no more than 0.75”

22 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership22 Other Options  When site conditions are unfavorable, mitigation and/or fee in lieu is available.

23 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership23 Schedule of Implementation  MS4’s will have four years to begin implementation of the site and neighborhood design provisions.  Provides time to modify ordinances that support the one inch site design performance standard.  Provides time for demonstration projects

24 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership24 Maximum Extent Practicable  What is MEP?  MEP standard is not a ‘low standard’  Section 402(p)(3)(B)(iii): “…Permits for discharges from municipal storm sewers…shall require controls to reduce the discharge of pollutants to the maximum extent practicable, including management practices, control techniques and system, design and engineering methods, and such other provisions as the Administrator or the State determines appropriate for the control of such pollutants.”

25 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership25 Discharge to impaired waters?  If 303(d) - Must document in the SWMP how the chosen BMP’s will control the pollutant of concern.  If TMDL with an assigned wasteload allocation, then must include BMP’s specifically targeted to achieve the WLA. Must have a monitoring component. Resources: “Evaluating the Effectiveness of Municipal Stormwater Program” and “Understanding Impaired Waters and TMDL requirements for Municipal Stormwater Programs”

26 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership26 Partnering  Encourage MS4 to partner and work together to accomplish the goals of the permit.  Nested or adjacent MS4’s  Discharge into shared waterbodies  Development of public outreach campaigns

27 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership27 Goal: Clean water!

28 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership28 Q&A

29 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership29 Watershed Protection Elements (Part 2C5.i.A.) 1. Minimize Impervious surfaces 2. Preserve, protect, create and restore ecologically sensitive areas 3. Prevent or reduce thermal impacts to streams 4. Avoid or prevent hydromodification of streams and other waterbodies 5. Protect trees and other vegetation 6. Protect native soils

30 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership30 (1) Minimize Impervious Surfaces  Are residential street widths reduced to support: Travel lanes, on-street parking Emergency & service vehicles Based on traffic volume  Is the use of cul-de-sacs minimized through: Reduce radius Use alternative turnarounds  Are parking lots designed efficiently to: Reduce parking ratios Use of pervious pavement for overflow parking

31 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership31 Not So Good Good

32 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership32 (2) Preserve, protect, create and restore ecologically sensitive areas  Is there a stream buffer ordinance that: Includes headwater and perennial streams Includes wetlands, 100 yr floodplain, steep slopes Defines allowable/nonallowable uses Ensures long term maintenance

33 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership33 Good Not So Good

34 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership34 (3) Prevent or reduce thermal impacts to streams  Are practices being used to disconnect impervious cover?  Residential Rain gardens Rain barrels/cisterns (rainwater harvesting) French drains Downspout flow to yard  Parking lot: Planting trees Bioretention islands  Require stream buffers

35 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership35 Parking Lot Residential

36 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership36 (4) Avoid or prevent hydromodification of streams and other waterbodies  Do the local stream buffer ordinances prohibit piping, filling, and burying of streams?

37 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership37

38 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership38 (5) Protect trees and other vegetation  Does the tree protection ordinance include: Conserving trees on site Protecting drip-line Marking trees to protect on site plan and in the field  Does the landscape ordinance require protection and planting of trees?  Are trees incorporated in stormwater management practices?

39 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership39 Dry pond planted with trees Trees protected on site

40 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership40 (6) Protect native soils, prevent topsoil stripping, and prevent compaction of soils  Do local ESC & grading ordinances: Minimize disturbance through site fingerprinting Protect soils for infiltration

41 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership41 Photo Copyright 1999, Center for Watershed Protection

42 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership42 Resources  Codes and Ordinances Worksheet (COW) www.cwp.org  EPA Water Quality Scorecard http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/greenin frastructure/munichandbook.cfm

43 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership43 Part II C. Stormwater Management Program for small MS4s 5. Minimum Control Measure: Controlling Runoff from New Development and Redevelopment; a. Long Term Stormwater Controls; ii. Site and Neighborhood Design;

44 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership44  Watershed Protection: Address impacts associated with watershed scale management decisions;  Site and Neighborhood Design: Address impacts associated with individual site plan development. Long Term Stormwater Controls:

45 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership45 Site and Neighborhood Design: All development projects disturbing one acre or greater (or < 1 acre and part of a larger common plan of development) must control stormwater discharge: rates, volumes, velocities, Durations; and temperatures

46 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership46 Simple Discharge Hydrographs Post-developed with Detention Post-developed Pre-developed

47 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership47 Evidence of impacts to receiving aquatic resources are very telling:

48 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership48 A. Performance Standards 1. Site design standards that require management measures that keep and manage on site the first one-inch of rainfall from a 24-hr storm (preceded by 48 hours of no measureable precipitation).

49 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership49 90 th Percentile Storm Event Based on the analysis of precipitation data for West Virginia 90% of the 24 hour (or less) rainfall events are one inch or less. Inflection Point

50 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership50 A. Performance Standards (contd.)  Runoff volume reduction can be achieved by canopy interception; soil amendments; evaporation; rainfall harvesting & reuse; engineered infiltration; extended filtration; evapotranspiration; or any combination of the practices above.

51 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership51 Specific practices include: A. Performance Standards (contd.)  dry swales;  bioretention;  rain tanks and cisterns;  soil amendments  soil amendments;  roof top/impervious disconnections  roof top/impervious disconnections;  permeable pavement;  porous concrete;  permeable pavers;  Reforestation  Reforestation;  grass channels;  green roofs; Effective implementation of Watershed Protection Elements 1 though 6 provide a direct benefit in the number and size of stormwater practices

52 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership52 Runoff Reduction Processes Runoff Reduction is not just infiltration!  Infiltration  Canopy Interception  Evaporation  Transpiration  Rainwater Harvesting  Extended Filtration

53 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership53 Inflow V. Outflow Rates Source: Dr. William Hunt, North Carolina State University

54 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership54 Stormwater Practices Differ Sharply in Ability to Reduce Runoff Volume Bioretention, Infiltration, Dry Swales and Related Practices Reduce Runoff Volumes by 50 to 90% Wet Ponds, ED Ponds and Constructed Wetlands and Filters Reduce Runoff Volumes by zero to 10%

55 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership55 Reported Reductions in Runoff Volume Losses Due to Exfiltration, Evapotranspiration and Post Storm Delivery CT: 99% UK: 58% FL: 98% NC: 30 to 65% (4) PA: 80% Aus: 73% WA: 96% MD: 46 to 54% Key Factors: Infiltration Rate, Media Depth, Hydraulic Gradient and Absence of Underdrain

56 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership56 A. Performance Standards (contd.) Rooftop Disconnection

57 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership57 A. Performance Standards (contd.) Soil Amendments

58 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership58 A. Performance Standards (contd.)  Extended filtration practices that are designed to capture and retain up to one inch of rainfall may discharge volume in excess of the first inch through an under drain system. Bioretention

59 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership59 A. Performance Standards (contd.) Infiltration Permeable Pavement

60 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership60 A. Performance Standards (contd.) Dry Swale

61 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership61 A. Performance Standards (contd.) Vegetated Roof

62 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership62 A. Performance Standards (contd.) Rainwater Harvesting & Reuse

63 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership63 A. Performance Standards (contd.) Impervious Disconnection to Grass Channel

64 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership64 Compliance with the Performance Standard:  Design Specifications  Compliance Tool: West Virginia MS4 Stormwater Compliance Spreadsheet

65 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership65

66 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership66

67 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership67 West Virginia DEP Presents: Contact : Michelle Finney Michelle.L.Finney@wv.gov Phone: 304-926-0499, ext. #1047 August 17 th & 18 th in Huntington, WV. September 28 th & 29 th in Bridgeport, WV. MS4 Stormwater Compliance & Design Workshops

68 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership68 Site and Neighborhood Design Additional Water Quality Requirements: Hot Spots: activities/operations with demonstrable potential for pollutant loadings. Activities such as:  Automobile service stations;  Lawn care, greenhouse, or nursury operations that handle bulk fertilizers and pesticides; and  operations that handle chemicals.

69 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership69 Stormwater Hotspots The permittee should implement via enforceable requirements within their jurisdiction requirements for water quality treatment for pollutants of concern prior to infiltration measures.

70 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership70 Stormwater Hotspots

71 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership71 Watershed Scale Credits  Incentives and/or credits for certain types of development: a)Redevelopment b)Brownfield redevelopment c)High Density (>7 units/ac) d)Vertical Density (FAR of 2; or > 18 units/ac) e)Mixed use and Transit oriented development  A reduction of 0.2” from the 1” rainfall treatment standard;  Reductions are additive, up to a maximum of 0.75 inches (resulting in 0.25” treatment requirement)

72 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership72 Offsite Alternatives For projects that cannot meet 100% of the treatment requirement:  Offsite mitigation  Payment in lieu These options are managed and implemented by the MS4 and can be applied as follows:  up to 0.6” of the treatment requirement;  At a 1.5:1 and

73 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership73 Q&A

74 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership74 Will It Work?: The Challenge of Local Implementation Jeremiah Johnson, CPSWQ Beckley, WV Sanitary Board

75 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership75 Permits & Regulations tend to be developed with a perfect world in mind; It’s never that simple when implementing

76 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership76 Local MS4 Implementation: Solving the Problems of an Imperfect World Will the Permit Work? How do I make it work?

77 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership77 Local Insights to Implementation:  Programmatic/Policy Challenges Perspective from building a local SW program from ground up Experience working with local developers/designers  Site Level Lessons Learned Case Studies of Local Green Infrastructure Constant Learning Process

78 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership78 Beckley, WV Background  Phase II MS4  17,000 residents in City/80,000 residents in county  Economic hub of Southern WV – Crossroads of I-77 & I-64  Streams discharge to New River National River watershed  Our MS4 boundary uses watershed approach  19 square miles ½ in corporate limits ½ outside  Formed a stormwater utility in 2007 $3.75/ERU or $1.25/1,000 sq ft ~$1 million revenue

79 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership79 Watershed Elements & Neighborhood Design Implementation Policy Challenges in WV:  Existing local subdivision, zoning, and other land-use/development ordinances are weak; [Not just tweaking existing ordinances ]  Local officials are not moving quickly (relative to a 4-year schedule) to update or improve the local ordinances [Who will be the local champion];  Lack of local technical capacity/staff expertise in urban/rural land planning

80 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership80 Local Program Capacity  6 Minimum Control Measures Cross-division/ operational communication and coordination – Public Affairs – Educator – Legal Expertise – Accountant – Biologist – Engineer – Inspectors – etc.  In WV, reality is: An Army of One, or A Few Good Men/ Women  How do we overcome need for human capital? Local Investment Funding Source Collaboration to share costs

81 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership81 Post Construction Requirements: Will It Work? There are numerous examples of sites in the WV mountains where the 1” capture will be challenging (geology, slope, soils?)

82 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership82 Site Development: 1” Capture  Overcoming Site Constraints  From the Plans to the ground  Solving green infrastructure supply and demand issues Design Vendors Builders

83 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership83 Overcoming Site Constraints  Varied conditions across the US;  In WV Mountains Rock Historic Mining Impacts  In Beckley – Sprawl – Commercial Development exists on refuse/slate dump – Skelton Mine Complex

84 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership84 From the Plans to the Ground How do design specifications, plan review, and inspections account for the real world conditions?  State Stormwater Manual Adaptive management (buy in and on-the- ground feedback).  Technical Assistance State MS4 Workshops  Research Across the US In WV?

85 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership85 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Exhibition Coal Mine Raingarden

86 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership86 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Redevelopment = Retrofit

87 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership87 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Underdrains – Our Insurance Policy

88 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership88 Lessons: Partnerships Participation from Volunteer Groups

89 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership89 Lessons: Valued Partnerships  USDA-ARS Appalachian Farming Systems Lab Turfgrass Research Constructed Soils  Local Source Biofilter Media  Ongoing research cooperative agreement

90 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership90 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Exhibition Coal Mine Grass Swale

91 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership91 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Planning for Living Systems

92 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership92 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Mixed Land Use making a retroFIT

93 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership93 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Howe St. Parking Lot Redevelopment

94 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership94 Pervious Concrete vs Bioretention View of Parking onto Howe St. (Note grade of the street and slope of lot entry)

95 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership95 Bioretention chosen & then... Photo of site conditions – solid rock at 6”. Modified design into an urban biofilter planter

96 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership96 Planters under construction Tiered planter cells with terraced overflow weir. Lower cell outlets via a curbcut. Planters have perforated underdrains. Underdrains outlet to a new separate storm sewer

97 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership97 Bioretention Planter at capacity

98 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership98 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Howe St. Parking Lot Redevelopment

99 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership99 Lessons Learned from Early Adoption Howe St. Parking Lot Redevelopment

100 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership100 In the Works  Beckley BIG project 5 acre downtown redevelopment 3 bioswales Over 1 acre greenspace creation  Roberts St Green Infrastructure Bioretention cells Overflow subsurface rainwater storage  9 other green infrastructure projects  Obstacles for private development  Green Infrastructure Supply/Demand

101 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership101 Q&A

102 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership102 Webcast Wrap-UP  Webcast Archive – We will be archiving this webcast and placing it on the CBSTP website. Look for the archive to be posted shortly.  Continuing Education Credits (CEC’s) – We are offering CEC’s) as described in the VA professional licensing regulations, or Professional Development Hours (PDH’s) as described in the WV licensing regulations. The Partnership will provide Certificates of Completion that provide the description and duration of the training event to all attendees for whom we have email addresses.  Resources – After the webcast, we will email a resources sheet, speaker contact information, and the presentation.

103 Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership103 Upcoming 2010 Webcasts  September 1 Permeable Pavement Design, Installation, and Maintenance *  October 20 Rooftop Disconnection, Filter Strips & Rainwater Harvesting * * Register at http://www.cwp.org/CBSTPhttp://www.cwp.org/CBSTP


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