3. Iam youare He / She / Itis weare youare Theyare

4. read, watch, work, learn…reading, watching, working, learning… One syllable verbs, ending in vowel + consonant = double last consonant put, hit, run, stop… putting, hitting, running, stopping… Two or more syllable verbs, last syllable ends in vowel + consonant, if the stress is in the last syllable = double last consonant admit, begin, prefer… admitting, beginning, preferring… Verbs ending in “y” = only add “-ing” cry, play, study, fly crying, playing, studying, flying, Verbs ending in vowel + “l” = double last “l” travel travelling

5.  I am reading a book.  You are running a marathon.  He is beginning the novel.  Mary is playing tennis with her friends.  John and Mary are travelling around the world.  I´m reading a book.  You´re running a marathon.  He´s beginning the novel.  Mary is playing tennis with her friends.  John and Mary are travelling around the world.

6. BASE FORMCONTRACTED FORM  I am not reading a book.  You are not running the marathon.  He is not beginning the novel.  Mary is not playing tennis with her friends.  John and Mary are not travelling around the world.  I´m not reading a book.  You aren´t running the marathon.  He isn´t beginning the novel.  Mary isn´t playing tennis with her friends.  John and Mary aren´t travelling around the world.

7. BASE FORMSHORT ANSWERS  Am I reading a book?  Are you running a marathon?  Is he beginning the novel?  Is Mary playing tennis with her friends?  Are John and Mary travelling around the world?  Yes, I am. / No, I´m not.  Yes, he is. / No, he isn´t.  Yes, she is. / No, she isn´t.  Yes, they are. / No, they aren´t.

8.  For an action happening now: It´s raining. My mother is cooking an omelette.

9.  For an action happening about this time but not necessarily at the moment of speaking: I am reading a play by Shakespeare. My brother is studying English in an accademy.

10.  For a definite arrengement in the near future (near plans): I´m meeting Peter tonight. Are you doing anything tomorrow afternoon?