1. American History L to J Quiz Donna Gustfason, Norman, OK Public Schools dgustafson@norman.k12.ok.us

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3. The major trade route between China and other lands was a network of routes known as the _______ _______. 1 Silk Roadp.103 Menu

4. Many explorers were looking for alternate trade routes in order to find ________, used to preserve and flavor foods. 2 spices Menu

5. This man was an Italian explorer who traveled through China in the late 1200s. 3 Marco Polop.103 Menu

6. He was a Chinese explorer who made 7 major voyages to different parts of the world during the late 1300s. 4 Zheng Hep. 104-105 Menu

7. He was the wealthy King of the African kingdom of Mali in the early 1300s. He is known for his pilgrimage to Mecca which strengthened ties between Mali and other Muslim nations. 5 Mansa Musap. 108 Menu

8. He was the Prince of Portugal who established a school for sailors and navigators. 6 Prince Henry the Navigatorp. 113 Menu

9. He was the first Portuguese explorer who sailed from Portugal around the Cape of Good Hope to India in 1497. 7 Vasco de Gamap. 114 Menu

10. He was a Portuguese explorer who sailed within 500 miles of Africas southern tip when storms overtook his ships. Too afraid to sail on, his crew refused to go on, so he sailed back home. He called the tip of Africa The Cape of Storms, but it was renamed The Cape of Good Hope. 8 Bartolomeu Diasp. 114 Menu

11. _____ _____ _____ was a Viking explorer who sailed to Iceland in about 965 and Greenland in about 982. He is also known for his horrible temper. 9 Eric the Redp. 111 Menu

12. ________ _________ was the son of Eric the Red who sailed to North America in about 1000 and explored what is today known as Newfoundland. 10 Leif Ericssonp. 111 Menu

13. He was the Italian navigator who sailed along the eastern coast of South America. America is named after him. 11 Amerigo Vespuccip. 137 Menu

14. A _________ is a Spanish word for the conquerors who came to the Americas in the 1500s. The famous Hernando Cortes is a famous one. 12 Conquistadorp. 143 Menu

15. A _______ is a person who lives in a colony. 13 Colonistp. 144 Menu

16. This person teaches his or her religion to others who have different beliefs. For example, these people built missions throughout New Spain to teach native peoples about Christianity. 14 Missionaryp.149 Menu

17. A journey made for a special purpose is called an ___________. 15 expeditionp. 135 Menu

18. This is a name for a friend who will help in a fight. 16 allyp. 143 Menu

19. _______ _______ was an Italian-born explorer who sailed to the Americas in 1492. He was the first European to establish lasting contact between Europe and the Americas. 17 Christopher Columbusp. 135 Menu

20. This is the distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees. 18 longitudep. H15 Menu

21. This is the distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees. 19 latitudep. H15 Menu

22. The _____ _____ is the line of longitude marked 0 degrees. 20 Prime Meridianp. H15 Menu

23. He was the Spanish conqueror who took over the Aztec empire. 21 Hernando Cortezp.143 Menu

24. He was the leader of the Aztecs when Hernando Cortes conquered the Aztec empire. 22 Moctezumap. 143 Menu

25. He was the Spanish explorer of the American Southwest who searched for the mythical lost city of gold, Cibola. 23 Francisco Vasquez de Coronadop. 147 Menu

26. When the Spanish came to the Americas they brought _______ which helped natives hunt buffalo. They also unknowingly brought _______ which killed thousands of natives. 24 horses, smallpox Menu

27. _____ __ _____ was a Spanish explorer who found Florida while searching for the Fountain of Youth. 25 Ponce de Leon Menu

28. He was a Portuguese explorer to first (circumnavigate) sail around the world. 26 Ferdinand Magellanp. 137 Menu

29. This is an official document giving a person or group permission to do something. 27 Charterp. 159 Menu

30. A _____ _____ is a crop grown to be sold for profit. Tobacco and indigo are examples. 28 cash cropp. 161 Menu

31. An ______ ______ is a person who has agreed to work for someone for a certain amount of time in exchange for the cost of the voyage to North America. 29 Indentured servantp. 161 Menu

32. This was the name of the law- making assembly in colonial Virginia. 30 House of Burgessesp. 162 Menu

33. This is the name of the water route that explorers hoped would flow through North America, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific. 31 Northwest Passagep. 165 Menu

34. A _______ is a person who travels to a new place for religious reasons. 32 pilgrimp. 169 Menu

35. This is the group of people from England who wanted to separate themselves from the Church of England. Some traveled to North America n search of religious freedom. 33 Separatistsp. 169 Menu

36. ________ is unjust treatment because of ones beliefs. 34 persecutionp. 169 Menu

37. The ______ ______ was an agreement or plan of government written by the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower. 35 Mayflower Compactp. 170 Menu

38. They are a group of people who wanted to purify the Church of England. They established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630. 36 Puritansp. 172 Menu

39. A person whose opinions differ from that of his or her leaders. 37 dissenterp. 178 Menu

40. This is a person who owes money. 38 debtorp. 180 Menu

41. This was Englands first attempt at a permanent settlement in the Americas. It is also known as The Lost Colony. 39 Roanoke Colonyp. 156 Menu

42. This was the first permanent English colony in North America. It was founded in 1607 and was located in eastern Virginia. 40 Jamestownp.159 Menu

43. King Philip attacked England with the ______ ______ - a huge fleet of 130 ships carrying 30,000 soldiers and sailors. 41 Spanish Armadap. 158 Menu

44. He was the leader of the Jamestown Colony. He is quoted as saying, he that will not work, shall not eat. 42 Captain John Smithp. 159-160 Menu

45. John Rolfe illegally brought this crop to Virginia and helped make it the first cash crop. Today it is used to make cigarettes. 43 tobaccop. 161 Menu

46. This became one of the most populated and wealthiest commonwealths in North America due to tobacco production and slave labor. 44 Virginia Menu

47. In 1609, Dutch leaders sent English sea captain ______ ______ to search for a new water route to Asia. He found land on his expedition and claimed it for the Dutch. 45 Henry Hudsonp. 165 Menu

48. Insert Question Here 46 Insert Answer Here Menu

49. Insert Question Here 47 Insert Answer Here Menu

50. Insert Question Here 48 Insert Answer Here Menu

51. Led by John Winthrop, the Puritans founded the ________ Bay Colony where they could worship as they pleased. They built their main settlement in the city of Boston. 49 Massachusettsp. 172 Menu

52. _______ and the _______ Tribe helped save the Pilgrims from starvation. 50 Squanto and the Wampanoag Tribe p. 170 Menu

53. An _________ is a young person who learns a skill from a more experienced worker. 51 apprenticep. 203 Menu

54. This is a three-sided trade route between the 13 Colonies, the West Indies, and Africa which included the slave trade. 52 Triangular Tradep. 206 Menu

55. This was the name given to the second leg of the triangular trade route in which millions of people from Africa were taken to the New World, as part of the Atlantic slave trade. 53 Middle Passagep. 206 Menu

56. The ______ ______ was an important religious movement among Christians that began in the colonies in the 1730s. This movement revived many colonists interest in religion. 54 Great Awakeningp. 218 Menu

57. ______ ______ was a writer, scientist, inventor, and diplomat. He helped write the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. 55 Benjamin Franklinp. 211, 221 Menu

58. She was a South Carolina plantation owner who became the first person in the colonies to successfully raise a crop of indigo. 56 Elizabeth Lucas Pinckneyp. 213 Menu

59. A ________ is a large farm with many workers who live on the land they work. They were prominent in the southern colonies. 57 Southern Plantation/Plantationsp. 148 Menu

60. This city is in southeastern Pennsylvania and was the capital of the United States from 1790 to 1800. It is also known as the city of brotherly love. 58 Philadelphiap. 211 Menu

61. This person is in charge of watching over the workers or slaves on a plantation. 59 Overseer Menu

62. This is the name of the plant used to dye fabric a blue tint. It was first grown in South Carolina by Eliza Lucas Pinckney. 60 Indigo Menu

63. This river is in the central United States, flowing from Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico. 61 Mississippi Riverp. 374 Menu

64. A ______ is a stream or river that flows into a larger river. 62 tributaryp. 242 Menu

65. _____ _____ _____ was a war in the 1670s between Native Americans and English settlers living in New England. 63 King Philips Warp. 247 Menu

66. The _____ and _____ War was the war fought by the British against the French and their Native American allies in North America which was won by the British in 1763. 64 The French and Indian War p. 249 Menu

67. This was a law issued by King George III stating that all colonists were no longer allowed to settle on land west of the Appalachian Mountains. 65 Proclamation of 1763p. 251 Menu

68. He was the King of England during the time of the American Revolution. 66 King George IIIp. 251 Menu

69. This is Britain's law-making assembly. 67 Parliamentp. 269 Menu

70. The ______ Act was a law passed by Parliament in 1765 that taxed printed materials in the 13 Colonies. 68 The Stamp Actp. 269 Menu

71. _______ means to cancel. 69 repealp. 270 Menu

72. The ______ of ______ were groups of Patriots who worked to oppose British rule before the American Revolution. Some famous _______ of ______ were Paul Revere, John Adams, Samuel Adams, and John Hancock. 70 Sons of Libertyp. 271 Menu

73. These were the laws that were passed by Parliament in 1767 that taxed goods imported by the 13 Colonies from Britain. 71 Townshend Actsp. 272 Menu

74. This is another word for a tax on imported goods. 72 tariffp. 272 Menu

75. A ______ is an organized refusal to buy goods. 73 boycottp. 272 Menu

76. The _______ of ______ were groups of American women Patriots who wove cloth to replace boycotted British goods. 74 Daughters of Liberty p. 272 Menu

77. This event happened in 1770 in Boston in which British soldiers killed 5 colonists who were part of an angry group that surrounded them. 75 Boston Massacrep. 277 Menu

78. The _______ of _______ were groups of colonists formed in the 1770s to spread news quickly about protests against the British. 76 Committee of Correspondencep. 278 Menu

79. The _____ _____ was law passed by Parliament in the early 1770s stating that only the East India Company, a British business, could sell tea to the 13 Colonies. 77 Tea Actp. 279 Menu

80. This was the protest against British taxes in which the Sons of Liberty boarded British ships and dumped tea into Boston Harbor in 1773. 78 Boston Tea Partyp. 279 Menu

81. The _____ _____ were laws passed by British Parliament to punish the people of Boston following the Boston Tea Party. 79 Intolerable Actsp. 280 Menu

82. A ______ is an American colonist who opposed British rule. 80 Patriotp. 280 Menu

83. A ______ is a colonist who remained loyal to the British during the American Revolution. 280 81 Loyalistp. 280 Menu

84. The _____ _____ _____ was a meeting of representatives from every colony except Georgia held in Philadelphia in 1774 to discuss actions to take in response to the Intolerable Acts. 82 First Continental Congressp.281 Menu

85. This is a volunteer army. 83 militia Menu

86. These are colonial militia groups that could be ready to fight at a minutes notice. 84 minutemenp. 281 Menu

87. The _____ _____ was the war between the 13 colonies and Great Britain from 1775-1783 in which the 13 Colonies won their independence and became the United States. 85 American Revolutionp. 289 Menu

88. The _____ of _____ _____ was a costly victory for British troops over the Patriots in Charlestown, MA in the American Revolution on June 17, 1775. 86 Battle of Bunker Hill p. 291 Menu

89. He was a Patriot express rider and silversmith. He rode from Boston to Lexington on the night of April 18, 1775, warning people that British soldiers were coming. 87 Paul Reverep. 278 Menu

90. The _____ of _____ was the first battle of the American Revolution on April 19, 1775. This is where the shot heard round the world was fired. 88 Battle of Lexingtonp. 287 Menu

91. The _____ of _____ was where approximately 500 Patriots fought and defeated three companies of the King's troops on the North Bridge. It was the second battle in the American Revolution. 287 89 Battle of Concordp. 287 Menu

92. He was a doctor who helped William Dawes and Paul Revere warn Patriots about the arrival of the British on the night of April 18, 1775. 90 Samuel Prescottp. 287 Menu

93. He was a Boston Patriot and organizer of the Sons of Liberty. He was the cousin of second President, John Adams. 91 Samuel Adams Menu

94. _____ _____ was the third President of the United States. He was a member of the Continental Congress and main writer of the Declaration of Independence. 92 Thomas Jeffersonp. 298 Menu

95. _____ __ _____ was a French soldier who joined General Washingtons staff and became a general in the Continental Army. 93 Marquis de Lafayette p. 315 Menu

96. These men were a group of German soldiers hired by Britain to fight on their side during the American Revolution. 94 Hessians Menu

97. _____ _____ was a Patriot and writer whose pamphlet Common Sense, published in 1776, convinced many Americans that it was time to declare independence from Britain. 95 Thomas Painep. 298 Menu

98. This was the title of the pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that convinced many Americans that it was time to declare independence from Britain. 96 Common Sense Menu

99. The ______ ______ was the army formed by the Second Continental Congress and led my General George Washington. 297 97 Continental Armyp. 297 Menu

100. ______ ______ was the first President of the United States. He was also the Commander in Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution and the President of the Constitutional Convention. 98 George Washingtonp. 217 Menu

101. This was the document declaring the 13 American colonies independent of Great Britain, written mainly by Thomas Jefferson and adopted on July 4, 1776, by the Second Continental Congress. 99 Declaration of Independence p. 298 Menu

102. This was where British forces, led by General John Burgoyne, surrounded the Patriot army and forced them to retreat or surrender. The fort is located near the southern end of Lake Champlain in the state of New York. 100 Fort Ticonderoga Menu

103. A ______ is a professional soldier who takes part in an armed conflict for pay or other personal gain. They are not citizens of the country involved in the conflict - for example – Hessians. 101 mercenary Menu

104. The _____ of _____ took place on December 26, 1776 after General George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River north of Trenton, New Jersey. During the battle, nearly the entire Hessian force was captured. It was a major turning point for the Patriot forces. 102 Battle of Trenton Menu

105. The _____ of _____ was the American victory over British troops in 1777 that was a turning-point in the American Revolution. This battle convinced the French to ally with the American forces. 103 Battle of Saratogap. 305 Menu

106. _____ _____ was the brutally cold site in southeastern Pennsylvania where George Washington and the Continental Army camped during the winter of 1777-1778. 104 Valley Forge p. 302 Menu

107. He was the military officer from Germany who trained American soldiers during the American Revolution. 105 Friedrich Von Stuben p. 315 Menu

108. _____ _____ was the commanding general of the British forces that were defeated at Yorktown in 1781 ending the American Revolution. 106 Lord Cornwallis p. 318 Menu

109. The _____ of _____ was the treaty signed in 1783 that officially ended the American Revolution. Great Britain recognized the United States as an independent country. 319 107 Treaty of Paris p. 319 Menu

110. The _____ of _____ was the last major battle of the American Revolution where American and French forces defeated the British led by Lord Cornwallis. 108 Battle of Yorktown Menu

111. This is a person who works against his or her country. 109 traitor p. 300 Menu

112. They were a group of Vermont soldiers led by Ethan Allen who captured Fort Ticonderoga in 1775. 110 Green Mountain Boys p. 303 Menu

113. These were the first plan of government for the United States, in effect from 1781-1789. It gave more power to the states than to the central government. 111 Articles of Confederation p. 339 Menu

114. This means to officially approve. 112 ratify p. 339 Menu

115. This branch of government is the part that passes laws. It includes the Senate and House of Representatives. 113 Legislative Branch p. 333 Menu

116. This branch of the government, headed by the President, carries out the laws. 114 Executive Branch p. 339 Menu

117. This branch of government that decides the meaning of laws. This includes the Supreme Court. 115 Judicial Branch p. 339 Menu

118. This was the revolt of Massachusetts farms against high state taxes, led by Daniel Shays. 116 Shays Rebellion p. 341 Menu

119. This was the federal order that divided the Northwest Territory into smaller territories and created a plan for how the territories could become states. 117 Northwest Ordinance p. 342 Menu

120. A _____ is a person chosen to represent others. Hint: not a representative 118 delegate p. 345 Menu

121. This was a meeting of delegates who met in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1787 and replaced the Articles of Confederation with the Constitution. 119 Constitutional Convention Menu

122. This was the proposal during the Constitutional Convention that Congress be given greater power over the states and that large states have more representatives in Congress than small states. 120 Virginia Plan p. 346 Menu

123. This was a proposal during the Constitutional Convention that each state should have the same number of representatives in Congress. 121 New Jersey Plan p. 346 Menu

124. The _____ _____ was the agreement during the Constitutional Convention to create a Congress with two houses (House of Representatives and Congress). First proposed by Roger Sherman of Connecticut. 122 Great Compromise p. 347 Menu

125. This was an agreement made during the Constitutional Convention that only three-fifths of the slaves in a state would be counted for representation and tax purposes. 123 Three-Fifths Compromise p. 347 Menu

126. This is the introduction to the Constitution, beginning, We the People of the United States… 124 Preamble p. 348 Menu

127. ______ and ______ are the system set up by the Constitution that gives each branch of government the power to check, or limit, the power of the other branches. 125 checks and balances p. 348 Menu

128. This is the power of the President to reject a bill passed by Congress. 126 veto p. 348 Menu

129. ______ are supporters of the national government and in favor of adopting the Constitution. 127 Federalists p. 353 Menu

130. ______ are people opposed to the new US Constitution and its emphasis on a strong national government. 128 Antifederalists p. 353 Menu

131. This is a change or addition to the Constitution. 129 amendment p. 354 Menu

132. The _____ of _____ is the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, ratified in 1791. 130 Bill of Rights p. 354 Menu

133. This is an early settler of a region. 131 pioneer Menu

134. The _____ _____ was the territory purchased by the United States from France in 1803, extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada. 132 Louisiana Purchase p. 373 Menu

135. This was the battle between United soldiers and the Shawnee in 1811 that neither side won. A major figure in the battle was William Henry Harrison. 133 Battle of Tippecanoe p. 381 Menu

136. This was the conflict between the United States and Britain that lasted from 1812-1815. The war was declared due to British trade restrictions and the capture of American sailors by the British Navy. 134 War of 1812 p. 382 Menu

137. The _____ of ___ ______ was where the United States forces, commanded by Andrew Jackson, were victorious over the British in the War of 1812. 135 Battle of New Orleans Menu

138. He was an American pioneer who led many early settlers to lands west of the Appalachian Mountains. 136 Daniel Boone p. 372 Menu

139. Insert one here 137 Insert answer here Menu

140. He was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention and leader of the Federalists; first Secretary of the Treasury. 138 Alexander Hamilton p. 345 Menu

141. He was a Patriot leader during the American Revolution and second President of the United States. 139 John Adams p. 277 Menu

142. This was a pass through the Cumberland Mountains region of the Appalachian Mountains. It was an important part Wilderness Road, widened by Daniel Boone who made it accessible to pioneers. 140 Cumberland Gap Menu

143. _____ and _____ were the team appointed by Thomas Jefferson to explore the lands gained in the Louisiana Purchase. 141 Lewis and Clark p. 347 Menu

144. She was the Shoshone woman who acted as guide and translator on the Lewis and Clark expedition. 142 Sacagawea p. 374 Menu

145. This was the belief that the United States should expand west to the Pacific Ocean. 143 Manifest Destiny p. 433 Menu

146. He was the French explorer who founded Quebec, the first permanent French settlement in North America. 144 Samuel de Champlain Menu

147. The ______ ______were established on the Atlantic coast of North America between 1607 and 1733. They declared their independence in the American Revolution and formed the United States. They were: Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island. 145 13 Colonies Menu

148. These colonies included Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire. This region was excellent for timber and fishing. 146 New England Colonies p. 177 Menu

149. These colonies included New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. This region was nicknamed the breadbasket of the colonies because of their wheat production. 147 Middle Colonies p. 177 Menu

150. These colonies included Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. This region was known for their rich soil and warm climate which helped them produce tobacco, cotton, and rice. 148 Southern Colonies p. 177 Menu

151. He was the Puritan minister who founded Rhode Island as a place of religious freedom in 1636. 149 Roger Williams p. 178 Menu

152. He was a Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1681. 150 William Penn p. 179 Menu

153. He was an English leader who founded the colony of Georgia as place where debtors from England could begin new lives. 151 James Oglethorpe p. 180 Menu

154. This plantation was founded in southeastern Massachusetts by the Pilgrims in 1620. 152 Plymouth Plantation p. 170 Menu

155. ___ ______ was the settlement founded by the Dutch on Manhattan Island; became present-day New York City. 153 New Amsterdam p. 165 Menu

156. _____ _____ was the Jamestown colony leader who showed that tobacco could be grown successfully in Virginia. 154 John Rolfe p. 161 Menu

157. ______ ______ served as the last Dutch Director-General of the colony of New Netherland from 1647 until it was ceded provisionally to the English in 1664, after which it was renamed New York. He was a major figure in the early history of New York City. 155 Peter Stuyvesant Menu

158. _____ _____ was a Puritan leader banished from Massachusetts for her religious beliefs. In 1638, she and her husband William, along with their 15 children, moved to Rhode Island. 156 Anne Hutchinson p. 185 Menu

159. He was and English colonizer and the first governor of Maryland. 157 Lord Baltimore Menu

160. ______ were a group of religious people who escaped religious persecution in England by moving to Pennsylvania and Rhode Island. One of their famous leaders was William Penn. 158 Quakers Menu

161. 159 Question 159 Answer Goes Here Menu

162. 160 Question 160 Answer Goes Here Menu