1. Regulatory and policy expectations for reclamation and closure of oil sands tailings Dr. Brett Purdy, Clean Energy Policy Branch Alberta Environment & Sustainable Resource Development Photo courtesy of Suncor Energy Inc.

2. … reclaim so that soils and landforms are capable of supporting a self-sustaining, locally common boreal forest integrated / sustainable surface drainage natural appearances Tailings reclamation objectives are not unique …

3. Tailings have already been reclaimed … … more tailings have been reclaimed than any other part of the mine footprint to date … … the Roadmaps identify pathways to make the “challenging” tailings ready for reclamation …

4. ... do “ready for reclamation” tailings technologies / criteria support “reclamation and closure” objectives” ? While innovation and commercialization pathways are identified in the roadmaps … we need to ask the question …

5. Unique challenges for reclamation of tailings … Landform cap & soil placement Ecosystem development Landform design Surface water & groundwater interactions

6. CTMC Tailings Roadmap Overview Tailings Technology Project Roadmap Update OSTC/COSIA AI-EES / CTMC GE Innovation Centre August 28, 2012, Calgary

7. Presentation outline Project scope Project process Project results

8. Project scope In 2011, Alberta Innovates – Energy and Environment Solutions & the Oil Sands Tailings Consortium awarded a contract to the Consortium of Tailings Management Consultants (CTMC) to produce “The Technology Deployment Roadmap and Action Plan for ‘End-to-End’ Solutions for Oil Sands Tailings.” The CTMC summarized and assessed 549 technologies and produced a set of roadmaps for the most promising of these technologies & suites. This presentation is a summary of the CTMC June 2012 final report.

9. To create a technology deployment roadmap and action plan that will assist regulators and industry to create and implement technology solutions that will meet specific tailings management and reclamation goals Project objective

10. Component 1 Compile state of practice, describe existing technology suites, & compile full list of technologies Component 3 Evaluate opportunities, technologies, identify data gaps Component 2 Develop assessment criteria Component 4 Highlight & prioritize technologies through a development roadmap

11. Methods: Component 1 Seek out the widest range of potential tailings technologies

12. Summarize technologies

13. Define technology categories Mining Extraction Tailings deposition and capping Tailings processing Certification Water treatment Reclamation Exploration

14. Assign s tage of development Research Pilot Prototype Commercial Development

15. Create master list of technologies 549 Technologies 101 Unique Technologies +15 Chemical Amendments +18 water treatment technologies Detailed log of fate of every technology and all vendor communications

16. State of practice: Commercial tailings practice review Individual tailings technologies are combined to form feasible commercial technology suites specific to each mine

17. Current state of practice and existing technology suites well documented in report Captured the major constraints and influences on tailings management – every site at every point in time is unique

18. Methods: Component 2 Identify End Goals Desired tailings management and reclamation end goals Related constraints and assumptions Identify Assessment Criteria Stage of technology Technical feasibility Reliability Ability to scale up Reclamation potential Other practical indicators

19. Methods: Component 3 Define assessment guidelines for each of the seven tailings categories Develop tool to assist in data analysis of technologies Assemble multi-disciplinary teams of experts to evaluate technologies Evaluate technologies against C2 criteria, recording comments and ideas for improvement too

20. Methods: Component 4 Highlight technologies that would improve existing technology suites Highlight promising new technologies Prioritize highlighted technologies Develop roadmap Establish big picture context for roadmap

21. PROJECT RESULTS An information packed report Technology framework and database State of practice captured Highlighted / prioritized technologies Roadmaps Conclusions Recommendations

24. 7 + 5 Suites identified Pre-commercial and commercial suites Conventional tailings Composite tailings Thickening In-line thickening with thin lift evaporative drying In-line thickening with accelerated dewatering Water capped end pit lake Centrifuging MFT with conveyor / stacking “New” Technology Suites In-pit tailings treatment and deposition Non-water based extraction methods Low-cost Improvement to water-based extraction Separate high-fines ore and low-fines ore streams

25. Priority assessment Comparison of benefit/risk ratio to cost – to set priority for technology development (Lower capital and operating costs result in a high cost rating)

26. High priority technologies Deposition and capping T-032: Accelerated Dewatering T-062: Co-mixing MFT & Overburden* T-090: Vertical Drains T-099: Stacker Hydro-cyclones T-188: Under-Drained Tailings* T-510: Tailings Discharge Tremmie Reclamation T-138: Water Capped MFT Lake T-550: Tailings Surface Sealants** * restricted application ** very limited use Extraction T-024 / T-548 Alberta Taciuk Process / Retort Based Extraction Tailings processing T-060: MFT Spiked Whole Tailings* T-069: Solid Bowl Scroll Decanter Centrifuge T-085: Thermal Drying* T-197: Super CT T-208: Paste thickener T-267: Froth Treatment Tailings Thickening* T-529: Oleophillic Sieve

27. A description of the technology suite Improvement opportunities and gap-filler technologies Technology deployment table for each technology Tailings Technology Deployment Roadmaps

28. Instead, highlighted is the need for … different suites of technologies for different operators with different conditions with different legacies at different times Instead, highlighted is the need for … different suites of technologies for different operators with different conditions with different legacies at different times Conclusions There is no silver bullet…

29. Every site is unique

30. There are significant opportunities to refine existing technology suites, including through more focussed management activities New technologies take time to develop: Research (2 to 3 years) Development (2 to 5 years) Commercial implementation (5 to 10 years)

31. Nine tailings technology deployment roadmaps were developed…. Improvement opportunities for new and existing technologies Applicable technologies identified Development status mapped to identify future steps for R&D

32. Operations / management Review water management practices and opportunities Remove roadblocks between companies Examine regional opportunities for waste treatment, including solids, fines, water and byproducts CTMC recommendations

33. Technology assessment Implement a formal assessment framework for new technologies Standardize testing methods Evaluate the range of chemical amendments

34. Research Develop enhanced monitoring techniques for slurries in pipelines and deposits

35. Development Evaluate methods to reduce the mass of fines delivered to extraction by mining operations Evaluate the potential for creating separate extraction processes for high fines and low fines ore streams Revisit retort-based and solvent-based extraction methods Revisit the processing of froth tailings to reduce its potential environmental impacts

36. Roadmaps Assess roadmaps for individual operations, and generate detailed R&D plans where required Expand to include mining, extraction and reclamation technologies Plan and budget to keep the roadmaps and technology database current

37. Having delivered our report, the CTMC’s mandate is complete and the consortium has disbanded. The OSTC/COSIA and AI-EES now how the task to evaluate the results, and develop plans. CTMC member companies and individuals are available to support this next phase of development. The document provides both a snapshot in time of the oil sands industry, through the lens of tailings management. It is a valuable resource not just to the industry, its regulators and stakeholders, but to also has application to the mining industry worldwide. Moving on

38. CTMC Leads Aaron Sellick, Richard Dawson (Norwest ) Bill Chin, Brett Stephens (Klohn) Gord McKenna, Phillip LeSueur (BGC) Darcy Cowan, Irwin Wislesky, Les Sawatsky, Sue Longo (Golder) Dave Sego (University of Alberta Geotechnical Group) Mickey Davachi (AMEC) Jeremy Boswell, John Sobkowicz (Thurber) Secondments Al Hyndman, Bill Shaw (Total) Blair Penner, Sean Wells (Suncor) Rick Sisson (CNRL) Ted Lord (ERCB) Plus very importantly… Expert discipline participants in the C3 sessions Junior engineers, drafters, and admin staff at each of the organizations Illustrations by Derrill Shuttleworth Expert participants

39. 39 Tailings Roadmap Study Follow- up Plan August 28 th News Release Event Alan Fair

40. + 40 Develop and deploy Tailings solutions faster Oil Sands Tailings Consortium Formation of the Oil Sands Tailings Consortium –OSTC - December 2010

41. + 41 Tailings Roadmap Study The Study identified 549 technologies with potential use for oil sands. Included 89 vendor technologies Reduced to 101 unique technologies (plus technology variations and enhancements) TRS Vol. 2, Table 2.1

42. + 42 Follow-up Action Plan for 48 Highlighted Technologies 16 Technologies are included in current or planned OSTC/COSIA projects 14 Technologies will be considered by Technical Working Groups 8 Technologies will be considered by OSTC/Member companies 8 Technologies are out of the current scope of the OSTC/COSIA Tailings EPA 2 Bitumen Recovery Technologies will be evaluated through a joint industry AI-EES initiative

43. + 43 Final Comments Industry is committed to: Sharing the information necessary to progress the development of oil sand tailings technologies Working with government and Third Party Technology Developers to develop and implement tailings technologies that will ensure that oil sand tailings are successfully reclaimed on a timely basis. The Tailings Roadmap Study report can be accessed at: www.cosia.ca and www.ai-ees.cawww.cosia.cawww.ai-ees.ca

44. + 44 Questions?